One morning in early April 1949, a sharp emergency gathering whistle suddenly sounded in the duty room of the General Office in Xiangshan, Peking. The guards who were resting quickly were fully armed, and then stood in a clearing outside the duty room, waiting for orders.
Director of the Security Department of the General Office of the Central Committee Wang Dongxing announced to the officers and soldiers seriously: Comrades, according to reliable information, tonight, Fu Zuoyi's guard regiment will invite two battalions of troops to conspire to attack Xiangshan. We must strengthen our vigilance, defend Chairman Mao, and defend the Party Central Committee! The specific deployment was arranged by Platoon Commander Yan (Mao Zedong's guard platoon commander Yan Changlin).
Wang Dongxing's words were like a bolt from the blue, which surprised the guards. So what's going on?
In March 1949, shortly after the second plenary session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China closed, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was preparing to move from Xibaipo, Pingshan County, Hebei Province to Beiping . Although Peiping announced the peaceful liberation on January 31, 1949, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China considered that the cleaning and repair work of Zhongnanhai has not been completed, and the social conditions in the city are complex, the enemy spies have not been completely cleared, and the public security conditions are still relatively poor. Finally, it was unanimous that after the central government arrived in Peiping, it is not appropriate to enter the city for at least a period of time, and it is better to temporarily place the resident in the suburbs of the city.
People's Liberation Army enters Peiping
After careful consideration and research, Beiping Mayor Ye Jianying believed that choosing Xiangshan is more appropriate as the resident of the Party Central Committee after coming to Peiping. The main reasons are as follows:
1. Xiangshan is far away from the city and is connected to Xishan . It is easy to guard, facilitate air defense, and can ensure the safety of the Party Central Committee's organs;
2. There are more than 300 houses in Xiangshan, which is easier to solve housing problems than in the city;
3. Xiangshan is located in the western suburbs of Beiping, with beautiful scenery and beautiful environment, suitable for central leaders to live and work.
Ye Jianying's opinion was quickly approved by the central government. On March 25, after Mao Zedong entered Peiping, he moved into the Shuangqing Villa in Xiangshan. In order to keep it confidential, Shuangqing Villa is called Labor University to the outside world, referred to as "Lao University".
Shuangqing Villa is on the southern hillside of Xiangshan. It is one of the twenty-eight scenic spots of Xiangshan written by Qianlong. The green pines and cypresses in the courtyard are tall and straight, and the water in a pond is as clear as a mirror. There are two air-raid shelters in the southeast, a hexagonal pavilion to the north, and a row of bungalows facing north to the north. The courtyard has a quiet environment and pleasant scenery, and Mao Zedong is very satisfied with it.
Shuangqing Villa
While Mao Zedong lived in Shuangqing Villa, he completed many major events such as commanding the battle of crossing the river, meeting with democrats, and meeting with them. One of the things was meeting with the uprising general Fu Zuoyi.
During the conversation, Mao Zedong called Fu Zuoyi "General Fu", and Fu Zuoyi called Mao Zedong "Mr. Mao". Fu Zuoyi said to Mao Zedong: "I don't want to stay in the army anymore. It's better to let me return to the Yellow River and Hetao area to do some work in water conservancy construction."
Mao Zedong said: "Being the Water Resources Department of a province is too young, so be the Minister of Water Resources. In the future, we will not only manage the Yellow River , but also the Huaihe ."
Mao Zedong also took the initiative to talk to Fu Zuoyi to take the initiative to deal with Fu Zuoyi in the future. For comments, he said, "Beiping is liberated. If you have any opinions on us, please mention it."
Fu Zuoyi said, "The Communist Party is serious and responsible in its work and has a deep education. The People's Liberation Army is strict in discipline. I have never seen such a good army in my life."
Mao Zedong and Fu Zuoyi
After the founding of New China, Fu Zuoyi was indeed the Minister of Water Resources for 23 years and made contributions to the water conservancy construction cause of New China. Of course, this is a later story.
Although Mao Zedong likes Xiangshan very much, it is far away from the city after all, and the central government is relatively scattered, so there are many inconveniences in transportation, communication, supply, and personnel exchanges. After a period of cleaning and renovation in the city of Beiping, the enemy's special forces were basically wiped out, and Zhongnanhai was completely renewed inside and outside. So Ye Jianying made a report asking the Party Central Committee and Mao Zedong to move to Zhongnanhai.
Ye Jianying's report was highly praised by Zhou Enlai, but Mao Zedong refused to move it.A few days later, Ye Jianying had to come to Xiangshan in person. He said to Mao Zedong: "According to work needs, we are ready to invite the Chairman and other leaders to work and live in Zhongnanhai..."
ye Jianying
mao Zedong directly interrupted Ye Jianying's words: "I don't like Zhongnanhai. I don't want to go to this place, why do you have to lock me in the Red Wall Courtyard and separate from the masses? We can't learn Li Zicheng !"
ye Jianying saw that the persuasion was invalid, so he had to go back first. After he left, Mao Zedong said to Zhou En seriously: "I won't move, I won't be the emperor. Ye Jianying is really Stubborn." ”
Zhou Enlai advised Mao Zedong, "We should still listen to the opinions of the 'parents'." ”
Mao Zedong insisted, "I don't listen, this is a matter of principle."
Zhou Enlai certainly understood Mao Zedong's idea. When he entered Beijing from Xibaipo , Mao Zedong once said, "We will never be Li Zicheng, we all hope to get a good score." Zhongnanhai was once the place where Empress Dowager Cixi monopolizes the national affairs, and also the place where Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned for reform and reform. Yuan Shikai also had an emperor dream there, so Mao Zedong could not hold on to Zhongnanhai.
After Mao Zedong lived in Xiangshan for a long time, many people gradually knew that the central government was stationed here, and there were many Kuomintang stragglers who were far-fetched, saying that the homonym of "Lao Da" was "Boss", that is, "the No. 1 Villa". They guessed that the Shuangqing Villa was Mao Zedong's residence, and they wanted to rush in one step and then kill the central leaders here to seek credit and reward.
Mao Zedong's guard regiment in Xiangshan
Fu Zuoyi's guard regiment is a very unstable factor. After , the Pingjin Front Command of the People's Liberation Army promised Fu Zuoyi to leave his guard regiment to him and continue to be fully armed. However, after this unit was reorganized, I felt that the People's Liberation Army's discipline was too strict and I was very dissatisfied. There were often soldiers who ran away and fled.
This situation naturally attracted the attention of Li Kenong, who had been engaged in hidden work for a long time. He believed that there were not many troops around Xiangshan at that time. If Fu Zuoyi's guard regiment mutinied, the consequences would be unimaginable. So Li Kenong asked the central chief's guards to be vigilant and strengthen their defense, while secretly inserting some eyes and ears into Fu Zuoyi's guard regiment to prevent accidents.
Li Kenong expected it to be true. The two battalion commanders of the guard regiment were already dissatisfied. One morning exercise, the two battalion commanders found that the regiment commander was not in the military camp. They thought the time had come, so they encouraged the soldiers and said, "Brothers, General Fu is helpless in the pit of Pingyang. He was forced to go to Liangshan to make a false peace, intending to preserve his strength and wait for an opportunity to rebel. Now that the opportunity has come, Mao Zedong lives in Xiangshan. Brothers, come with me if you have the habit, let's attack Xiangshan together! "
The old subordinate of Fu Zuoyi was not completely transformed in his thoughts. Under the instigation and instigation of the two battalion commanders, many people believed them. A total of hundreds of people shouted: "Catch to Xiangshan!"
The guard regiment cook Lao Liu is an underground party member who was stationed here by Li Kenong. Seeing that the situation was very critical, he had to report to the central leaders immediately, but the gate was closely guarded, so how could he go out? Old Liu was quick to learn and carried a load of baskets from the corner to the gate. The guards at the door of
stopped Lao Liu: "Stop! Lao Liu. The battalion commander has an order, so he is not allowed to go out casually."
Lao Liu smiled and said, "I went out to buy meat, fish, and vegetables, and I will improve my life for you at noon! Why are you going out casually?"
Guards asked again: "Why don't the commander of the , ?"
Lao Liu said, "He is in a meeting! He asked me to go."
In this way, Lao Liu deceived the guards, and then hurried to the CCP headquarters and reported the situation to Li Kenong truthfully. Li Kenong was shocked after hearing this. He immediately called Zhou Enlai to report and immediately notified the guards in Xiangshan to prepare for battle, so the scene at the beginning of the article was found.
Li Kenong
Zhou Enlai immediately called Nie Rongzhen, commander of the North China Military Region, saying, "The Fu Zuoyi Guard Regiment has undergone a mutiny and conspired to attack Xiangshan. He ordered you to mobilize troops and quickly surround Fu Zuoyi's Guard Regiment to prevent military bleeding."
Nie Rongzhen couldn't help but take a breath after hearing the phone. He immediately called the 207th Division guarding Peking and ordered them to immediately send a regiment to the Fu Zuoyi Guard Regiment's base, implement military siege, and disarm them. Tang Yongjian, the head of the North China Military Region's Training Department, directed the operation.
Tang Yongjian quickly led a regiment to dozens of trucks, . Each truck was tightly wrapped in tarpaulin, with wheels rolling and dust flying, and heading straight for Balizhuang, the Fu Zuoyi Guard Regiment’s headquarters, like a whirlwind. Under Tang Yongjian's command, the soldiers quickly surrounded the rebels of the Fu Zuoyi Guard Corps who were about to set off.
Then Tang Yongjian shouted to the rebels: "Brothers of the Guard Corps, you have been surrounded! General Fu Zuoyi sincerely abandoned the darkness and turned to the light and became a new person. Don't believe in the instigation of the reactionary officers. Put down your weapons quickly. We guarantee your life safety, otherwise you will become the sinners of the people!"
These rebels were originally lured by two reactionary battalion commanders and did not have a strong fighting will. At this time, they found that they were surrounded and their morale was soon disintegrated. After several hours of advocacy, they agreed to put down all their weapons, and the two reactionary battalion commanders were also "invited" to the detention center .
At 12 o'clock in the evening, the guards in Xiangshan breathed a sigh of relief after learning that Fu Zuoyi's guard regiment had been disarmed by our army, but they did not relax, but did not sleep all night and kept their posts.
The next morning, Mao Zedong, who had worked all night, went out for a walk. He found that the officers and soldiers were still on high alert, and only then did he know what happened at night. He walked and said to Yan Changlin: "Don't be so nervous. For me, Mao Zedong, you can't help but not sleep!"
Mao Zedong and Mao Anying, Liu Siqi, and Li Na were in Xiangshan
. Fu Zuoyi didn't know about this before his guard regiment attacked Xiangshan. The next day, he heard that his guard regiment was completely disarmed, and he couldn't help but be furious because he didn't know the truth. At 10 a.m. that day, Fu Zuoyi sent his secretary Wang Kejun to the North China Military Region and asked for an explanation. Nie Rongzhen sent the director of the Political Department Cai Shufan and Tang Yongjian to receive the uninvited guest together. After meeting
, Wang Kejun said angrily: "General Fu said that you Communists do not speak of faith and will destroy the bridges when crossing the river."
Cai Shufan advised him kindly: "Don't be anxious first, let's talk slowly."
Wang Kejun became even more angry: "The gun has been cut, what else can I talk about?"
Tang Yongjian told Wang Kejun in detail about the incident, but Wang Kejun was still dissatisfied: "Since it is like this Therefore, why should we remove the gun of the guard force? How can we ensure the safety of General Fu? "
Tang Yongjian said: "To be honest, to ensure the safety of Mr. Fu, we have more concerns than you. We are more afraid that Chiang Kai-shek's spies will assassinate him, and then spread rumors all over the world that the Communist Party called him an uprising a scam. Is that true? "
Wang Kejun didn't say anything.
Tang Yongjian continued: "Can you guarantee that there are no spies sent by Chiang Kai-shek to assassinate among the soldiers left so far? Can you guarantee that Chiang Kai-shek would not buy the people who assassinated Mr. Fu for a lot of money?"
Wang Kejun's tone finally softened: "I don't have this confidence."
Finally, Cai Shufan gave his own suggestions: "I think General Fu would be better off picking thirty or fifty of the most reliable soldiers and giving them money. If you can't buy it, let them carry weapons. Take all the rest up, how about it? "
Cai Shufan
Wang Kejun thought this method was good. After he went back, he reported to Fu Zuoyi. After hearing this, Fu Zuoyi's anger was half gone. He personally selected 35 personal guards, and the other officers and soldiers of the guard regiment were handed over to the North China Retraining Corps, and they were broken up and reorganized.In this way, the shocking and little-known "Xiangshan Incident" was successfully resolved.
However, after this incident, Mao Zedong's security issues attracted the attention of the central government. The leaders of the central government all believed that Zhongnanhai was the best place for meetings and office work at this time, and it was also very safe. The red walls around it were an extremely tight natural barrier. Finally, the Politburo discussed and made a resolution. The minority obeyed the majority. Under the repeated persuasion and strong demands of many comrades, Mao Zedong was reluctant, but he had to accept everyone's suggestions. He joked: "Listen to others, eat a lot, move!"
Zhou Enlai next to him also smiled and said, "If the Chairman does not live in, we can't rest assured!"
In mid-September 1949, Mao Zedong finally moved from Xiangshan to Juxiang Bookstore in Fengze Garden, Zhongnanhai. From then on, he spent 27 extraordinary spring, autumn, winter and summer in Zhongnanhai.
Juxiang Bookstore
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