Sichuan-zhong third line site selection Shocking
In the mid-1960s, the situation around my country became increasingly tense and national security was seriously threatened. The Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao Zedong made a wise decision to carry out large-scale infrastructure construction in the fields of transportation, energy, science and technology, mainly based on national defense and military industry, known in history as " third-line construction ". During the construction of the third line of
, in accordance with the unified deployment of the central government, the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army organized a special site selection team to go to the third line of region and layout of military-fired production bases across the country. From early 1966 to the end of 1970, the General Logistics Department planned and built the Chengde (County) area in Hebei, Wen (Xi) Jiang (County) area in Shanxi, Jun County, Hubei (now Danjiangkou City ) area, and Guiding (County) in Guizhou, Guizhou Five military production bases in the area and Sichuan Shehong (later changed to Jiangjin) area, 38 new third-line military factories were built, plus the original military factories, and the entire army had 72 logistics and military factories, with more than 100,000 employees, which basically met the At that time, the entire army's logistics and combat readiness support needs were met.
3536 Factory
3536 factory site
Walk into the mountains hard start
In early November 1966, a mysterious team took two Jiefang car from Chengdu 3508 The factory set out and headed towards the mountains located in Shehong County, Chuanzhong Basin.
The car bumped along the rugged mountain road for a day. When night fell, the two cars arrived at the Tujia Courtyard of the Second Brigade of Wanlin Commune, Shehong County, but it was 6 miles away from the destination Sanhuang Temple. This is the end of the highway, and the front is blocked by mountains. I had to live in this small mountain village tonight, and the mountain road in front can only be located on "No. 11".
This 56-person team is the vanguard of the 3536 Preparatory and Construction Office. Their trip to the deep mountains is the important task of carrying out the construction of the 3536 Military Factory.
The next morning, the 56 people carried their luggage and equipment and headed towards the Miaoziwan Mountains.
Builders enter the mountains
Climb the Miaoziwan Mountains, and in front of you is a deserted and silent ravine that has been around for thousands of years, surrounded by mountains and mountains, lush and lush.
As the saying goes, "Before the troops move, food and grass will come first." The top priority in front of the preparatory office is to solve the food and accommodation problems of dozens of people first.
First talk about eating.
At that time, the factory was well prepared and built. As soon as they started, they forgot to eat. Only when everyone was hungry did they remember to cook. There is no kitchen. Usually, I dig a pit in the open space, find a few big stones, put a pot, pick up some dry firewood on the spot, and bury the pot to make rice. The cooked food is really unique. Later, when it was windy and rainy, a simple thatched shed was built and a stove was built as a temporary kitchen.
At that time, local villagers had no wells to drink water, and they all depended on connecting water from cracks on the cliffs and ate it. However, how can these dozens of people in the construction office just rely on the cracks of the rock to feed water? Even competing with fellow villagers to collect water cannot solve the problem. So, as soon as it was time for get off work, a wonder appeared in the valley: dozens of people were carrying washbasins and iron buckets, looking for water along the mountain path. Sometimes I can’t find the mountain spring water, so I have to go to the nearby small river to fetch water. The conditions were extremely poor at that time, and the food everyone ate was very simple, all of them were big pot rice, big pot dish . When the meal was started, the duty officer blew the whistle and everyone gathered around and consciously formed a group. Each person made a meal. Each group brought a pot of vegetables and found a big stone as a table. Everyone circled and went to the ground. I squatted and ate very deliciously.
When the factory was first built, the builder was using Chinese food
and then talk about it.
At that time, there were no ready-made houses at all, so they lived in a very simple way. Some people rented houses in the hometown of fellow villagers, while the rest squeezed into several bungalows in Sanhuang Temple.Speaking of Sanhuang Temple, there were actually no Bodhisattvas. After liberation, it was first changed to a village literacy school, and later it naturally became a primary school. In order to support the construction of the third line, the local government has freed up the school in advance and used it as an office and dormitory for the Preparatory and Construction Office.
Because there are many people in the temple, a temporary tent was set up outside the temple. I was busy working during the day, but fortunately I was able to pass it. At night, the empty and silent ravine was pitch black. When it was late at night, wild cats appeared around the small temple and frogs were roaring in the fields. Especially the wild cat in the ravine screamed so terrifyingly. The sound was gloomy and shrill. Suddenly, a heart-wrenching cry pierced the night sky, making the timid sleepless at night. At that time, there was no electricity in the valley, and the villagers had lighting oil lamps for generations. The construction office is no exception. It lit a kerosene lamp or candle, and later a flashlight was sent to it to facilitate travel and getting up at night. Office utensils are even more unique. They are all stone tables and stone stools. They are not carved stone tables and stone stools, but bluestone slabs and found. One of them is the office desk in the corner, and then a stone is the stool. The documents and drawings are all completed on it. Despite the harsh environment and harsh conditions, no one complained. Everyone was thinking: build the "three lines" as soon as possible so that Chairman Mao and his elders could sleep well!
realizes "three connections". Work hard and quickly
After the preliminary arrangement of the life of the preparatory office, the preparatory office will concentrate its thinking and strength to do a good job in the "three connections" of water, electricity and roads.
Preparatory Office actively coordinated with the Shehong County People's Government, Shehong County organized a migrant worker company to fully support the construction of the "three links" of the factory. When you encounter mountains, you build bridges when you encounter water, and you work day and night at the construction site where you build roads and lines are built. In November of that year, a 3-kilometer-long road from the 3636 factory to the county highway was built; in early April 1967, a 5-kilometer-long transmission line was built from the factory to Taiyi District; in mid-July, the superiors were built. The drilling team was transferred to the drilling team and the first deep water well with a sunrise of 700 tons. In order to realize the "three connections" of water, electricity and roads as soon as possible, the staff of the Preparatory and Construction Office have put in hard work and sweat. The roads are open, the electricity is open, the water is available, the basic engineering is progressing rapidly, and it looks like a day, and the construction site is filled with the joy of victory.
has initially implemented the "three links", and the 103 engineering team is about to enter the market to carry out infrastructure. At that time, when working, we always talked about catching time and progress, giving full play to people's subjective initiative, and actively completing it. The preparatory office did not wait or rely on it, and built a batch of "dry-fighting" dormitories by itself to solve the accommodation problems of the construction team. At the beginning, everyone had no experience, so they asked local fellow villagers for advice. Local fellows use earth ramming to build houses. They use wooden boards to clamp on both sides, fill soil in the middle, then put some bamboo strips, and then use wooden ramming to ramm the soil. After ramming one layer, add wooden boards on both sides and fill another layer. Put some bamboo strips on the soil and then tamp it. This way, the main body of the earth wall will be built first. Then put beams on the house, lay purlins and purlins and , then lay a layer of oil blankets and cover them with cloth and tiles, and three "dry-cracking" houses were built. In this way, the local law was launched, and 10 "dry-dry" dormitories were built in just over a month.
There was an unwritten principle in the construction of the third line that year, that is, "production first, life later." After the initial implementation of the "three connections", the third project command of the 103rd Engineering Command of the Ministry of Construction entered the site. For a time, bulldozers, dump trucks, , and human carriages came and went; hundreds of carpenters in the ravine. , bricklayers, steel bar workers, , shed workers and other workers are everywhere in every corner of the construction site. It is really booming, and people are cheering and horses are yelling.
Factory
Third-line builders use the "revolution and hard work" work spirit, everyone competes for time and makes progress, hoping that the factory will be completed as soon as possible and put into production as soon as possible, so that Chairman Mao can sleep well. After more than a year of construction, the factory's production workshop, ancillary facilities and some dormitories have been basically built. In 1968, the 3536 factory was officially put into production.
Chairman Mao and the Third Line Construction
General deported to die 3rd Line
1966, Factory 3536 was included in the third line military supplies factory sequence of the People's Liberation Army of China, and was affiliated to the Factory Management Department of the General Logistics Department. In 1968, it officially became a military enterprise. A member of the Huajunwei Factory.According to the production order issued by the General Secretary at that time, the factory transferred from the construction stage to regular production, mainly producing the 65-type military uniform.
Birds-Aerial View of the Factory
At this time, during the "Cultural Revolution", factional struggles occurred frequently in the third-line military industrial system. Factory 3536, located in the deep mountains, is not a paradise and has been more or less impacted. However, the third-line military workers insist on "grasping revolution and promoting production", eliminating interference, and ensuring that military production is not disturbed.
From March to August 1969, conflicts such as Zhenbao Island broke out on the Sino-Soviet border one after another. Afterwards, the Soviet army was approaching and threatened to carry out a surgical nuclear strike against our country. Against this background, China has carried out tense combat readiness and emergency evacuation to prevent the "Soviet Revisit" and "US imperialist" wars invasion of China. Since the incident occurred during the "Cultural Revolution", Lin Biao Group was in the limelight at that time. Under their control, the "evacuated" people were actually "incarcerated" in another place.
In November 1969, a general came into the 3536 Factory located in the middle of Sichuan Province. The workers did not know the general's rank, but only knew that the general came from the Beijing General Logistics Department. The factory leaders privately told the general that they should not be close to each other and should not be heavy in distributing their work.
The general has gray temples and a thin body, and has no official airs. He took his daughter to live in the Caofanggou family area. He walked from Caofanggou to Liziwan every day to participate in the workshop's labor production. Back then, from the factory's family area to the workshop, I walked the small road next to the cicada stone, and there were rice fields on both sides of the road. When it comes to rain and snow, it is muddy and people often fall into the paddy fields. Like employees, the general goes to and from get off work on time, never comes late or leaves early without reason.
The general was named Zhou Changgeng, from Shishou, Hubei, and was then deputy director of the Political Department of the General Logistics Department. The general participated in the anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggle in western Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Soviet areas and the Long March 3. He experienced the Anti-Japanese War and the Liberation War, and was injured many times. He was one of the founders of our military medical scientific research institution and was awarded the rank of major general in 1955.
Why did General move from Beijing to Shehong County 3536 Factory located in the hinterland of Sichuan?
In 1967, Qiu Huizuo, then Minister of the General Logistics Department, created an unjust case of "spy treason and fleeing group" in the General Office, implicating 26 military and above cadres, including the former political commissar of the General Office, General Officer Li Jukui, and 269 personnel below the division.
According to the archives of the General Secretary, from 1967 to 1971, Qiu Huizuo set up a private prison in the General Secretary, tortured and forced confessions, and directly persecuted 462 cadres and the masses. Among them, various false charges were imposed on 17 military cadres and 107 cadres and masses below the division, including the former director of the General Secretary’s Political Department, including 108 comrades, who were illegally detained, tortured, and fought, and were seriously damaged physically and mentally.
Zhou Changgeng, who was then deputy director of the General Secretary's Political Department, was detained as "He Long's confidant" and "capitalist roaders" for exposing Qiu Huizuo's life and work style, and was isolated, criticized and persecuted, causing him to suffer serious illness. In October 1969, Qiu Huizuo used the name of the Central Military Preparation Evacuation Order to forcibly "evacuate" dozens of military division-level cadres such as Zhou Changgeng to the third-tier military factory under the jurisdiction of the General Secretary for "supervisation and transformation".
At that time, the general was seriously ill. Shortly after he came to the factory, he was sent to Shehong County People's Hospital due to myocardial infarction on January 29, 1970. After failed rescue, he died at the age of 59. The bad news about the general's death reached Factory 3536. Hundreds of third-line workers in the factory spontaneously rushed to Shehong County People's Hospital dozens of miles away to attend the general's memorial ceremony.
Factory First Party Congress
After learning the bad news, the general's family rushed from Beijing to Shehong, and the general's son arrived at Factory 3536, specifically retracing the path his father had to go to work every day.
Traveling out of the battle, people leaving the building empty
In the 1980s, due to the widespread constraints such as inconvenient transportation, high production costs, and poor information, the state implemented adjustments and transformations of third-tier enterprises and strategic transfers, and some were located in harsh environments. Third-tier factories began to relocate to cities. Afterwards, in addition to important cutting-edge scientific research bases, most other third-tier military enterprises moved out and transferred production, leaving behind many industrial buildings and supporting facilities.Like many third-tier factories, the factory follows the instructions of the State Council and the Central Military Commission on "On the Strategic Transfer of Military Third-tier Enterprises" and seizes the opportunity to go out and choose a site. Unlike the site selection in the past, the factory has the autonomy and can be fully qualified. Taking advantage of the preferential policies of the General Secretary and local governments, we decided to settle the new factory in Mianyang .
Mianyang is located in the northwest of the Sichuan Basin, in the middle and upper reaches of the Fu River, and drinks the same river water as Shehong.
At that time, there was a Changhong Factory in Mianyang. Changhong is also a third-tier enterprise. Changhong TV is popular all over the country. Mianyang has become China's only science and technology city and an important national defense scientific research and electronics industry production base. Mianyang is famous for this.
It’s great to enjoy the cool under the big tree, Factory 3536 resolutely chose the Science and Technology City.
In 1993, the factory began to implement a strategic transfer from the mountain, which was indeed a fascinating dream. However, it is not easy to realize "beautiful dreams come true". Next, hundreds of acres of land were acquired and tens of millions of yuan were invested to build a new factory. The difficulty of building a new factory was no less than that of the original development. The process needed to be repeated.
In the past, the strategic transfer of third-tier factory is also called "second entrepreneurship". The state and the military only provide policies for the relocation of third-tier military enterprises, without special funds, and each finds ways to find money. Many third-tier factories did not grasp the standards of the production and construction of old factories during strategic transfers, and eventually lost old products, burned money to build new factories, and ended up with debts. In the end, the factory could not be transferred, insolvent, and bankruptcy collapse. The 3536 factory achieved an output value of 117 million yuan and achieved profits and taxes of more than 7 million yuan. It miraculously avoided dangerous shoals and achieved both production and construction. Next, we entered a virtuous cycle of output and input, and the 3536 factory entered a good situation.
1998, the work of factory 3536's strategic transfer and getting out of the ravine came to an end successfully. The third-tier people who lived in the valley of Sanhuang Temple reluctantly left the mountains and moved towards a modern city. New factories and new cities are unfamiliar yearning for them, while old factories and old places have their concerns and thoughts...
Military factory in the ravine
Once popular The prosperous 3536 factory is empty, the building is empty, the setting sun is under the grass and trees, and the dew is cold on the green terrace. In the storm and lonely, it seems that I am waiting for something!
Vicissitudes of scenery. Protect the third line.
Twenty years after storms, several merchants from outside the mountain walked into the old factory 3536 curiously, but they were facing a desolate military city: broken walls and weeds all over the sky. Just in autumn, the fallen leaves are flying along the way, withered leaves are spread all over the bumpy road surface, vines climb on the walls along the way, the roof grows wildly, and spider webs are hung under the eaves... All the decay in front of you The scene made these people feel sad. They left here in disappointment, but only a lady named Gui Xuemei stayed. At that time, she was not sure, but the vicissitudes of the yellow tree growing on the steep ridge of the factory were deeply shocked by the vicissitudes of the autumn wind: this big tree with more than 50 years of age, with a shaped dragon and dragon shaped The branches are full of ancient shapes, and the roots of the tree are mixed, like a dragon, symbolizing vigorous vitality.
Yellow tree
This military city that is about to be abandoned makes her deeply concerned. She is determined to stay and protect this tree and the city, so that she cannot continue to be abandoned.
In 2018, Gui Xuemei's Sichuan Caihuang Company officially settled in the military site of Factory 3536. She began a protection action: cleaning up the dirty and messy environment, repairing leaking roofs, cleaning up dilapidated doors and windows, sorting out barren land, and restoring the street lights in the factory area And greening, the basic facilities of the park have been initially improved and a certain reception capacity has been formed.
Many business friends advised her not to waste her time here. At that time, no one could have thought that in a few years, this place would be another prosperous scene. Most of the third-tier factories are built in vast mountainous rural areas and have strong characteristics of the times and cultural heritage. After the third-tier enterprises moved out, most of the former military factories left behind were simple and crudely used, such as pig farming, chicken farming, mushroom farming, etc., many of which were not reasonably protected and developed, and were even damaged on a large scale.
Research and study activities
How to protect, develop and utilize these scarce third-tier resources? Gui Xuemei squeezed out time, went out to visit and study, consulted industry experts, and held seminars. She thought hard, she was full of confidence and determined to break out a new path of her own. After several twists and turns and many attempts, Gui Xuemei has a brand new concept and plan for this military city: combined with the national rural revitalization strategy, dig deep into the third-tier culture, and build it into a red cultural and tourism project and a comprehensive tourism destination. , making it a new force in rural revitalization, and promoting rural revitalization and industrial development is an innovative development idea.
Carry out study activities
Storm, sunshine, flowers bloom third line
3536 Factory was built in the 1960s. In that era, because the factory was located in a mountainous area, the transportation was inconvenient, and the cultural life was poor. The factory attached great importance to the cultural life of the slack industry and called on the call of All employees of the factory plant chrysanthemums. Beautify life. Therefore, every household has various varieties of chrysanthemums planted on the balcony. The factory holds a chrysanthemum exhibition every year. The winner will represent the factory to Shehong County to participate in the chrysanthemum exhibition. This has formed the traditional habit of planting chrysanthemums for decades and has been passed down to this day.
3536 Autumn Wind and Falling Leaves
After learning that 3536 old factories have always had a tradition of planting chrysanthemums, Guixuemei introduced chrysanthemum products from other places, vigorously developing chrysanthemum planting and deep processing industries such as fragrant chrysanthemums and golden silk chrysanthemums. At the same time, the company established a town and a village. The "industry-connected" model of "enterprise + village collective + farmer" cooperation has created a thousand-acre chrysanthemum industrial poverty alleviation base, and has driven more than 100 surrounding farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich and develop together.
3536 Chrysanthemum Festival
At the same time, she invested the money earned by the company into the protection of the military city, and relied on the factory buildings and third-line red resources of the old site of the 3536 factory, combined with the implementation plan of the Shehong rural revitalization strategy, to "speak well With the theme of "third line story, carrying forward the spirit of the third line, and promoting rural revitalization", we will create a third line military city that integrates the first, second and third industries, and drive the common development of surrounding villagers.
At present, the planned and constructed projects include: 3536 Third Line Construction Museum, 3536 Third Line Industrial Museum, Party History Learning and Education Museum, 65-Type Military Uniform Experience Hall, Xiangqi Labor Education Practice Base, Shehong Youth Social Comprehensive Practice Base, Jugu Sightseeing and Tourism Area and other projects, as well as chrysanthemum tissue cultivation room, chrysanthemum seedling greenhouse, rural revitalization training base and rural stage.
3536 Chrysanthemum Festival
In the past two years, 3536 Third-tier City has successfully held two Caiju Cultural Tourism Festivals, attracting 300,000 tourists every year. People come to relax, sightsee, search for roots, nostalgia, and explore the mystery. More and more people come year by year. This place has become a check-in place for internet celebrities.
Here we have received 30,000 party members, cadres, teachers and students from party and government organs at all levels, large and medium-sized enterprises and primary and secondary schools at Chengdu and Chongqing, and central Sichuan, to visit, carry out party history learning and education, and hold themed party day activities. He participated in team military expansion training and achieved outstanding results. With the company's income, the pockets of the surrounding people have also become bulging.
Visit the 3536 Third-line Construction Museum
Since 2021, 3536 Third-tier City has successively won the titles of "Sichuan Province Red Education Study and Study Practice Base", "Sichuan Province Youth Social Practice Education Base", "Sichuan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Tourism Demonstration Base", etc., 35 36 The site has been listed on the "Sichuan Province Industrial Heritage" list, and the 3536 Third Line Construction Museum was awarded the "Shehong Branch of China Third Line Construction Museum" by the Panzhihua China Third Line Construction Museum. Behind these honors are the fruits condensed by Gui Xuemei's tears and sweat over the years, and the rewards of her perseverance and hard work. Just like her name, she cut cold plum , standing proudly in the face of hardships and hardships, never bowed her head, fought against the wind and snow, and stood firm on the three lines. The cold plum is proud of the snow, leaving only the fragrance. In the face of honor and achievements, she is low-key and humble, and looks so calm, leaving only a wisp of fragrance in the mountains.
Now, under the leadership of the Shehong Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal People's Government, and under the guidance of the Shehong Municipal Construction Leading Group, the Shehong City Rural Revitalization Boutique Demonstration Village Project with 3536 Third-tier City as the core is in full swing. Three years ago, this place was desolate. Three years later, it will be built into a new highlight that leads the cultural and tourism industry in Shehong. It is a unique new business card for red cultural and tourism creativity in central Sichuan. It is a pioneer area for rural revitalization in Sichuan Province, and a model of national rural revitalization.
carry out study activities
change the world, wind, rain and sunshine. Those passionate years have long been covered with dust. In the third-tier city that has been silent for many years, the old trees are now blooming with new flowers and the old looks are renewed. 3536, a shining star rises on the earth in the middle of Sichuan. 3536's tomorrow will be rejuvenated and its glory is expected!
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