3.8.5 The three major military academies of the Army---the "Confucian Commander" with two lives
Bajia Lu said: "In 1906, Jiang Baili graduated from the Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School and served as the training counselor for the eastern provinces . Soon he went to Europe to study military affairs (mainly in Germany), and was highly praised by the German Supreme Marshal Hindenburg . It was not until 1910 that Jiang Baili returned to China again. However, he served in the three eastern provinces twice. They all had bad relations with the Fengcian warlord Zhang Zuolin, and were almost assassinated by his men on the train, so he had to find another job. "
" When Jiang Baili was studying in Germany, some of his classmates in Japan, such as Liangbi. , Jiang Baiqi, Cai E and others have already taken on big responsibilities in the country, so he has no worries about finding a way out by joining his classmates. It's just that he really got a chance to show his ambition. It must be said that Jiang Baili was appreciated and appointed by Yuan Shikai. Baoding Military Academy Xiao Wu said in surprise: "Baoding Military Academy? I only know that Huangpu Military Academy is very famous!"
Bajiao smiled and threw out a form. The content turned out to be the Republic of China. Introduction to the three major military academies.
Xiao Wu watched carefully while listening to him: "In terms of time, the three major military academies of the Republic of China are in order - Kunming Lecture Hall, Baoding Military Academy, and Huangpu Military Academy."
"But Lecture Hall It was established before the demise of in the Qing Dynasty (1912), and there was a military academy in more than one place. But the most famous one in Kunming, Yunnan, produced many celebrities. Later, when the military academy was renamed, it was no longer called the Military Academy. , In fact, they are still enrolling students. Taking advantage of Yunnan's geographical advantages, they also trained many officers for Southeast Asian countries during the Anti-Japanese War. "
Xiao Wu suddenly remembered something and interjected: "Let me tell you this, I seem to have an impression - -Marshal Zhu De graduated from Yunnan Military Academy?"
Bajiao nodded and said with a smile: "As for Baoding Military Academy and Huangpu Military Academy, they were established after the fall of the Qing Dynasty. You can see that in 1912. Just after the founding of the Republic of China, Baoding Military Academy was established. It was not until 1923 that Baoding Military Academy was discontinued; and then in 1924, Huangpu Military Academy was established. This shows that there is some continuity between the two military academies. -They are equally important!"
Chart 15 The three major military academies of the Republic of China
Chart 15 The three major military academies of the Republic of China
Xiao Wu nodded and said: "It is true that Baoding Military Academy is the predecessor of Huangpu Military Academy!"
Bajiaomao! Xu smiled and said: "In 1912, the Qing emperor abdicated and Yuan Shikai became the president of the Republic of China. China seemed to have an opportunity to put aside the old and welcome the new. At this time, someone introduced the 'amazing general' Jiang Baili to the president. Yuan Shikai was It was a generation of heroes who came from the army. Of course, he found a treasure. At the end of that year, Jiang Baili was appointed as the principal of the newly established Baoding Military Academy, hoping that he would take the lead in building a new Chinese army. "
Xiao Wu hesitated: "It sounds like this. Excellent timing, excellent arrangement, but I always feel like something is wrong?"
Bajiao smiled and said: "Yuan Shikai started his career in the 'small station training', and the generation of Beiyang soldiers trained by him was already the best under the framework of the late Qing Dynasty. A strong army. However, the strength of the Beiyang Army is still not enough in the eyes of Jiang Baili, who has reached the top level of the world's military. Therefore, if Jiang Baili is allowed to reform everything in the military from the inside out, it will be inevitable. He had a fierce conflict with the Beiyang warlord . He and Zhang Zuolin had not dealt with each other before, which has been explained by "
". At this time, the Beiyang warlords represented the powerful faction of the military, headed by Yuan Shikai's most trusted "Three Beiyang Heroes". , has occupied many important positions from the central government to the provinces, and has gradually become the leader that cannot be lost. In fact, Yuan Shikai had already discovered that many Beiyang generals were competing for power and restraining each other. They did not listen to the instructions of the central government and acted on their own. However, Yuan Shikai himself did this before, but now that he has abandoned the army and entered politics, he is powerless even if he wants to control it."
Chart 16 Three Beiyang Masters
Chart 16 Beiyang Three Masters
Xiao Wu suddenly said: "That's it! At this time, Yuan Shikai also wanted to regain military power; at the same time, he asked Jiang Baili to be his agent to rectify the military. "
" On the one hand, Jiang Baili has such ability; on the other hand, Jiang also represents a large number of Japanese non-commissioned officers studying abroad. In the future, the old Beiyang officers will be replaced by newly trained graduates of Baoding Military Academy, which is also a perfect replacement plan.
Bajiao stroked his beard and nodded and said with a smile: "That's right." But what you want to understand, the Beiyang warlords also want to understand. "
" How can veterans of the military community, who have vested interests, be willing to let newcomers steal their cheese? Therefore, headed by Army Chief Duan Qirui, he insisted that Yuan and Jiang wanted to tear down the bridge and abandon their Beiyang colleagues, so they must not be allowed to succeed. This makes the development of Baoding Military Academy extremely difficult!
Xiao Wu thought thoughtfully and said: "Duan Qirui has always been Yuan Shikai's confidant. I didn't know they still had such a conflict!" "
Bajiao chuckled and said, "But Jiang Baili is very motivated. After taking office as a new official, he successively wrote several famous military textbooks, most of which were simple and easy to understand, including "Sun Tzu's New Interpretation" and "Military Common Sense". These advanced military theories have greatly broadened the horizons of Baoding students. "
" However, according to Principal Jiang's vision, in addition to military theory, military students need to reach an advanced level in practical weapons teaching. However, purchasing internationally advanced weapons and ammunition will naturally cost a lot of money---these budgets must be approved by the Ministry of War. "
Xiao Wu suddenly realized, nodded and said: "Duan Qirui is in charge of the Army Department, right? He will definitely find various reasons why he will not allocate funds! "
Bajiao nodded and said: "Not bad. On the one hand, Jiang Baili has always insisted on teaching students in person. Including Tang Shengzhi, Chen Mingshu , Zhang Zhizhong, Chen Cheng, Fu Zuoyi, Bai Chongxi , Ye Ting and others have all listened to his teachings in the classroom, and they can be said to be full of students. "
" According to President Jiang, the armies of the world belong to Germany and Japan - but he knows the military of both countries well and does not think they are very powerful. Therefore, Chinese Army should aim to surpass Germany and Japan and strive to be number one in the world.
Xiao Wu was surprised and said: "What a loud tone!" Jiang Baili is probably the only one in China who dares to say this! "
Bajiao continued: "On the other hand, Jiang Baili solemnly promised all students that important things must be true to their words and resolute in their actions. However, the promised advanced teaching weapons have never been implemented. "
" After repeatedly urging the Ministry of War to allocate funds to no avail, Principal Chiang was extremely angry, so on the morning of June 18, 1913, he summoned the students to give an emergency lecture in front of Shangwu Hall. "
" However, before he could say a few words, Jiang Baili said in public that he had not fulfilled his responsibilities as a principal, but he kept his word and took out his pistol and committed suicide. Although the people next to him hurriedly grabbed the gun, the bullet still passed through his ribs. pass between. "
Xiao Wu was shocked and said: "Did Jiang Baili die like this? "
Bajiao exhaled and said with a smile: "Fortunately, Ji people have their own destiny. The bullet missed his heart and Jiang Baili survived, but the incident shocked the world. And the news reached Yuan Shikai immediately, and he immediately asked the Japanese embassy to send a surgeon and a nurse to treat Jiang Baili urgently. "
Xiao Wu asked strangely: "Why do the Japanese need to intervene in this matter? "
Bajiao chuckled and said, "It's just because Yuan Shikai feels guilty about Jiang Baili. The purpose of not allowing military doctors to intervene in treatment was to shield the War Department and other relevant departments. "
" Afterwards, when Duan Qirui personally handed in the "investigation report" and said that Jiang Baili's suicide had nothing to do with the Ministry of War, Yuan Shikai did not read the report and directly said that the Ministry of War had nothing to do with the matter. "
" President Yuan Da personally took care of Jiang Baili. I was relieved to hear that the Japanese doctor said that his life was not in danger, but he had to rest.So he asked the Japanese doctor to go back, but insisted that the Japanese nurse stay and continue to take care of Jiang Baili - this was also to prevent others from interfering with his recovery. "
Xiao Wu smiled and said: "That's true. Whether it is civil and military officials, reporters or paparazzi who want to disturb the patient, Japanese nurses either have a language barrier or have no scruples and will just refuse. If it were a Chinese nurse, she would not dare to meet a dignified person and would not agree with anyone.
Bajiao chuckled and said, "Not bad." But no one could have imagined at the time that this move would lead to a God-given marriage! This Japanese female nurse, named Satoya Noden , was only twenty-three years old at the time. She just came to China for an internship, and she didn't expect to be assigned this task. As a nurse, she dutifully persuaded Jiang Baili not to commit suicide again, and her beautiful appearance also left a deep impression on him. "
" After Jiang Baili recovered from his injury, he began to pursue Noboru Satoya, and even wrote a letter threatening to chase her to her home in Hokkaido. In the end, the nurse who had returned to Japan was moved by the love letter and accepted the pursuit. She became Jiang Baili's wife and moved to China for a long time.
Xiao Wu smiled and said: "Jiang Baili is also a literati, and his writing skills are very high, even if it is a Japanese love letter!" "
Bajiao smiled and said: "After the wedding, the two went to Haining to build a plum garden and planted 200 plum trees. Noboru Satoya also changed her name to Jiang Zuomei because her husband liked plum blossoms the most. "
" Soon, the Jiang couple gave birth to five daughters (the eldest daughter was Zaoyao) --- including the fourth daughter Jiang Ying (later married Qian Xuesen), all of whom were thoroughly Chinese --- Just because the two parents who are proficient in Japanese did not teach their daughters Japanese at all..."
Chart 17 Jiang Baili, Jiang Zuomei and their four daughters
Chart 17 Jiang Baili, Jiang Zuomei and their four daughters
[The four girls are from eldest to youngest, in order For: Jiang Yong, Jiang Hua, Jiang Ying, Jiang He]
[Among them Jiang Ying is the wife of Qian Xuesen]
The picture comes from the Internet
Xiao Wu Daqi slowly shook his head and said: "Jiang Baili did not commit suicide, what a fate! Moreover, it was a blessing in disguise that he was able to create a happy family. I would like to congratulate him! "
" However, it seems that Principal Jiang's great ambition cannot be realized at Baoding Military Academy. Will he enjoy family happiness from now on and stop caring about worldly affairs? "
Bajiao smiled and shook his head, but said: "If you want to fully understand Jiang Baili, you must know that in addition to his outstanding military talents, he also has outstanding literary talents and diplomatic talents. You don't have to worry about finding a place to shine and be hot. . "
" If there is a chance, Jiang Baili will find famous fellow non-commissioned officers to seek military positions. In fact, he has found four or five; but when he finds that the current situation of the country is dominated by the old warlords and the military and political affairs of the provinces cannot undergo fundamental changes, he will eventually Resign and leave. "
Xiao Wu said in surprise: "Is it possible that Principal Jiang will abandon Wu and follow Wen? "
Bajiao laughed and said: "It is absolutely no problem to say that Jiang Baili is a well-known scholar in the Republic of China! He was a scholar before going to university and founded the journal " Zhejiang Chao" in Japan. "
" Later, Jiang Baili and Liang Qichao served as the editor-in-chief of "Transformation" magazine---the magazine's sales volume was very high at that time, and its influence was second only to " New Youth ". Moreover, Jiang Baili initiated and organized the ' Literature Research Association' together with Zheng Zhenduo , Shen Yanbing and others; he also organized the ' Crescent Society ' together with Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo and others.
Xiao Wu opened his mouth wide and said in shock: "Sure enough, he is both civilized, Taoist and military!" And they all reached the top level! Mr. Jiang Baili is truly a master strategist, writer and military strategist of his generation! "
Bajiao stroked his beard and said with a smile: "When there is nothing to do, Jiang Baili often writes books. While deeply studying literature and history, he wrote books such as "Diplomacy in the Song Dynasty", "History of Eastern Culture and Philosophy", "Sovereign Class and Auxiliary Class" - all of which have considerable insights and have guiding significance for society."
" When Jiang Baili passed away, the elegiac couplet sent by Huang Yanpei summarized him relatively appropriately:
was a natural strategist and a natural writer. I have experienced all the storms in the sea of dust, and my talents began to show up during the war;
a Chinese, come to write a Japanese article. Leave this final crystallized text with a ray of light that will chill the enemy's nerves. ”
Huang Yanpei’s elegiac couplet to Mr. Jiang Baili
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