Why can Jiangnan's prosperity last for a thousand years?

江南之富 can be an enemy of the country, but this is not the case at the beginning. Before the Tang Dynasty, the place that attracted much attention was 关中, and at that time, the Jiangnan was basically where Heat intolerable , 疴疠疠斠人, 望风散胆. Only with the decline of the northern core areas such as the Guanzhong area, the south has gradually become the target of the northern population. In the south of 近荒荒, including Jiangnan, 开开 has continued Up to now, the eye-catching prosperity era , this prosperous situation, unexpectedly, actually lasted 千有余年.

Jiangnan, a place in the south of the Yangtze River, has not been a paradise for more than a thousand years, it has not been a paradise, it has not been disturbed by wars and disasters, but it can always quickly recover and regain new highlands. Occupy the leading position in the country. To this day, we still have to admit that Jiangnan is still China's most developed and prosperous region . Such a situation makes people feel surprised. What caused the prosperity of Jiangnan for thousands of years on ?

1. Tight administrative control system

although Tight administrative control system This reason is what everyone is used to hearing, but I don’t think so. what reason. In fact, after the Jiangnan area has gradually developed, high-density population distribution and high-speed development process make the speed and density of county-level administrative divisions in Jiangnan area also gradually increase , this The density and speed of the establishment of county-level administrative districts far exceeds that of other regions in China, which leads to the administrative control of the Jiangnan region before other regions encounter Administrative Control Problem. Based on the existence of such practical problems, the Jiangnan region has gained true knowledge through practice, and gradually explored and summed up a set of emergency handling administrative control problem mechanism which is advanced in other places. In particular, its grassroots system is quite complete, including 都, 保, 图, 区, fan , 圩, etc. Administrative control agencies for different groups of people, which tightly control people within the government's controllable range. Once there is any trouble or unity, such a close grassroots system can play a very good role. In addition, while encountering problems, the administrative division of the Jiangnan area is still constantly adjusted at . The original division of a county will be divided into due to actual needs and problem solving. Each county , so as to achieve the purpose of solving practical problems. In this way, the advanced on the administrative system of in Jiangnan area makes it possible to better respond to emergencies.

2. Mature disaster response capabilities

The impact of natural disasters on mankind is like a shadow. The Jiangnan area is located at in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, where all waters converge, and it is inevitable that 水害 will be troubled. In fact, it is not just floods. We should not assume that there is no drought in the Jiangnan water town. Although Jiangnan is a water town, the situation of seasonal shortage , regional shortage of water is still relatively severe. Therefore, in the Jiangnan area there are 低乡常有不畅 resulting in flood trouble, 高乡常有Irrigation inferior 使的 Drought Troubled. Because they often face frequent floods and droughts, a series of mature droughts and floods have been formed in the Jiangnan region.88#Measure , for example, for 溇港’s Xiuzhi , Labor Expenditure and Management , Funding Expenditure and Management , Inspection etc. It is more mature. In particular, between the upstream and downstream, a good benign cooperative relationship can be established, and water conservancy protection system with equal emphasis on upstream and downstream can be established, and in the process, 地域社会力量 gradually Rise, participate in the process of water conservancy construction, and play an important role. What is even more striking is that the 社会貈經 in addition to the official disaster relief developed in the Jiangnan area. 义赈 in Jiangnan area is relatively mature and early appeared in the whole country. Philanthropy depends on 富商大贾, and the group of wealthy businessmen has grown particularly strong in Jiangnan. In addition, the development of philanthropy also relies on local scholars’ advocacy and participation in , but in fact, the Jiangnan culture is quite prosperous, there are many scholars, and scholars are flooded. This good cultural atmosphere further promotes The development of charity and disaster relief.

III. Complete urban defense system

Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there has been a wave of repairing city walls and using bricks to wrap the wall , Almost every county has repaired city defense system including the city wall. But with the passage of time, the war in the peaceful era disappeared, and the situation of happiness and forgetting gradually appeared, resulting in many city walls under the wind and sun. 烂败残破, it is difficult to resist the function, and it is difficult to resist the chaos Support . However, in the Jiangnan area, the urban defense system was repaired in time , which also benefited from the wealth of the Jiangnan area and the desire to protect wealth. In other regions, it may be difficult to form a system between various urban defense projects, but in the south of the Yangtze River, dense urban agglomeration makes it possible to build a defense system of urban agglomerations that connect, look at each other, and look at each other. This strengthens the city’s defense capabilities, especially 車會的水路 has become another powerful 城市防线. Under ordinary wars, the city suffers minimal trauma, and the number of major wars itself Relatively few, so as far as the urban defense engineering system itself is concerned, it is almost the higher height at that time. Not to mention, in order to protect their own property, a considerable number of 人民 have joined the construction of urban defense and dedicated themselves to the construction of urban defense. On the periphery of the city, there are also a large number of peripheral defense points , especially along the waterway, which expands the buffer zone of the city’s defense. A large number of people join in, so Jiangnan cities are not just defending the city. , But comprehensive defense . The city protection group , which is closely connected and looks at each other, rarely appears in other areas , and has become a powerful weapon for economic prosperity in the south of the Yangtze River and avoiding frequent traumas from wars and bandits.

Fourth, powerful daily mutual aid behaviors

In addition to relief behaviors under abnormal circumstances, Daily life on mutual aid behavior can better ensure the normal, orderly and beneficial operation of the area. continued. In the Jiangnan area, there are many behaviors that are not malicious competition in the commercial industry, because that will only hurt both sides, unprofitable, and unsustainable. Merchants in the south of the Yangtze River are well acquainted with the harmony coexistence , to achieve a win-win , in the rice industry, sesame oil industry, leather industry, bamboo and wood industry, cloth industry, silk weaving industry, dyeing industry and other industries There is a trade association to regulate it, and with the efforts of the trade association, it can be guaranteed by the local government department. 商品经济 is the background color of Jiangnan society. It is an important driving force developed in the traditional society, which is a powerful force within the industry and between the industry and the government.The Social Security System provides the necessary Political and Industry Security for Jiangnan’s sustained and vigorous development and continued business prosperity. In particular, the daily charity and mutual aid activities carried out in the name of industry associations can be more favored by the government, thereby avoiding deliberate difficulties and obstruction from the government. This harmonious relationship between the industry inside and the industry outside ensures the development of the industry and thus contributes part of the strength to the development of the local society.

Conclusion:

Jiangnan area has continued to this day since the late period of ancient society, prosperityThe situation is due to its strict administrative control system 、 Mature disaster response capability , Perfect urban defense system , Powerful daily mutual aid behavior The result of the joint action. In fact, what we still cannot fail to mention is that the early resources endowment provided a generous development basis for the above development in Jiangnan, and as the development situation became more and more prosperous, it caused it to respond to various The ability of this kind of sudden situation is significantly improved, because it is good, it is better. In the present industrial age, the Jiangnan area, with its superior geographic location , attracts and swallows a large number of human, material and financial resources from outside the region. So from this perspective, the development of the Jiangnan area is actually The vast inland hinterland supports the sacrificed result , but the vast inland areas are far from being compensated.

References:

Feng Xianliang: "Environmental Changes and Social Control in Jiangnan Region in Ming and Qing Dynasty", Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2002.