The education of princes in the Qing Dynasty surpassed that of previous dynasties. After entering from Shunzhi, the princes received a strict and systematic education when they were five or six years old. Chinese three languages and riding and shooting skills.
However, as the first emperor to enter the customs, Shunzhi was not well-educated since he was a child, and he could not even read the memorials when he was in power, and he knew almost nothing about Han culture. So what caused the lack of Shunzhi Emperor ’s childhood education, and how did he make up for it after he took office?
In the first month of the eighth year of Shunzhi, Emperor Shunzhi was officially pro-government. However, when he was in power, he didn't know much about Chinese characters, and the memorials made by ministers were not clear. This situation greatly stimulated his aloof self-esteem.
The six-year-old Fulin inherited the throne purely by accident. The actual power of the government is held in the hands of the regent Dorgon . Fulin is just a puppet emperor. For ulterior purposes, Dorgon repeatedly prevented the little emperor from appointing emperors to impart knowledge. Manchu and Han courtiers have jointly played several times. Please select the manchu and Han scholars to teach the young emperor’s history and the emperor’s way of self-cultivation and governance. Dorgon put them aside and ignored them.
Therefore, the childhood Fulin wasted precious learning time. However, if you did not start to read directly from " Three Character Classic ", " Baijia Xing", " Thousand Characters " In the learning process of the Four Books and the Five Classics, it is difficult to understand the meaning of the full text of the classical Chinese texts, no matter how long or short they are. So at the beginning of the pro-government, the emperor Shunzhi read the words written by the ministers. It's no surprise that you were at a loss during the memorial.
As an emperor, Fulin’s self-esteem does not allow him to reveal his ignorance, nor does he allow him to listen to his courtiers and read memorials.So from the beginning of pro-government, he worked hard to study.
After sensible, Fulin knew that childhood education was inadequate, and he was deeply regretful. He later recalled this situation at that time and described it like this: "I am very unfortunate. When the first emperor Taizong was five years old, he was already driving, and the empress dowager gave birth to me. One, spoiled and spoiled, no one taught, and lost the opportunity to learn. At the age of fourteen, the ninth prince Dorgon died and began to be in charge. Reading the ministers’ memorials, I was at a loss, because he studied hard and studied hard."
Fulin reading has a wide range of subjects. Not only does he have books on traditional Chinese culture, but he also likes Western astronomy and geography and other natural science knowledge. In order to be able to read the chapters of the ministers and deal with government affairs, Emperor Shunzhi used great perseverance to read the Han books. He used Qianqing Palace as a study room and placed dozens of bookshelves, including collections of classics, historical novels and legends.
In addition to dealing with military affairs every day, Emperor Shunzhi studies every night. Sometimes he gets up at the fifth shift and reads until dawn and Buddha dawns before he can recite fluently. In order to ensure sufficient time to study, he also stipulated that every five in the middle of each month was regarded as the period of time. In just a few years, Shunzhi emperor wrote about the pre-Qin, Han and eight masters of Tang and Song 's works, Ming Dynasty's transcripts of the emperors, as well as Yuan and Ming operas, scripts, etc. Thousands of miles long.
Another way for Emperor Shunzhi to seek knowledge is Yizhengyixue. He found the scholars of the inner courtyard (the predecessor of the cabinet). On New Year’s Eve of the ninth year of Shunzhi, Emperor Shunzhi set a precedent that had never been seen since the founding of the Qing Dynasty. He hosted a banquet for ministers, scholars, and Han Shangshu in the Zhonghe Hall. He also gave special gifts to Han scholars Hong Chengchou and Han Shangshugao. Eryan and the others wore a mink coat and called them "all I am a minister," and asked them to clean themselves and serve the public and be role models for civil servants and generals.
Since then, Emperor Shunzhi has been fortunate to have the inner courtyard for many times, and he discussed with the scholars day and night about the best ways to govern the country and regarded the inner courtyard as his second home.During the Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of May in the tenth year of Shunzhi, Emperor Shunzhi came to the inner courtyard again and found that most of the officials had returned home.
Accompanied bachelor Fan Wencheng and others hurriedly replied: Because today is the Dragon Boat Festival, the ministers go back earlier, which is not the case on weekdays. At that time, Emperor Shunzhi, who was only 15 years old at the time, admonished: “If you want to be comfortable, you must first get used to hard work and wait until the country is finally settled. Temporary!”
Probably the Emperor Shunzhi felt that the words were a bit heavy. Later, he said that reunion with his family during the Dragon Boat Festival is also commonplace.
After several years of hard work, Emperor Shunzhi gained a certain understanding of Han culture and received a profound baptism in her mind. This also enabled her to fully integrate into the profoundness, profoundness and long history of Chinese Han culture, and thus came to the conclusion The idea of governing a country is completely different from that of its ancestors-those who win the hearts of the people gain the world, and those who lose the hearts of the people lose the world.
During the reign of Emperor Shunzhi, he strongly admired the Han culture and deliberately abandoned the Manchu-Han barriers. There were many Hanchens around him to reuse. The young king was fascinated by the Han culture, as if he was fascinated by the discovery of the New World, and the enlightenment education he received from the Manchurian culture gave him a special affection for the northern minorities. This difference between the North and the South culture ultimately made Shunzhi The emperor became the first promising emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs.
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