After the founding ceremony of in 1949, the portrait of Chairman Mao has been hung on the tower of Tiananmen , becoming a spiritual symbol in the hearts of all Chinese people.
But in the minds of some people with ulterior motives, this has become a problem they value. Because the portraits of heads of state in Western countries are always replaced by a head of state.
Italian journalist Olena Faraci interviewed Comrade Deng Xiaoping
An Italian journalist once asked Comrade Deng Xiaoping a question, so how did Comrade Deng Xiaoping answer it wisely? Portrait of Chairman Mao What story is hidden behind? Let us uncover this mystery together.
In fact, there are many interesting stories behind the portrait of Chairman Mao.
In September 1949, our party was intensively preparing for the upcoming founding ceremony. Professor Zhou Lingzhao of the Central Academy of Fine Arts also received a special task that is to paint a portrait of Chairman Mao.
Zhou Lingzhao Professor of the Central Academy of Fine Arts participated in the design of the National Emblem of my country, the Flag of the Young Pioneers, the second, third and fourth sets of the Chinese People
This is a big test for Zhou Lingzhao , Because he had not contacted Chairman Mao before, nor had he ever had any dealings with Chairman Mao. The Chairman Mao he knew was the Chairman Mao of others.
However, having received such a sacred task, Zhou Lingzhao certainly felt obliged, because no matter what kind of person Chairman Mao is, these contributions to China and the Chinese people cannot be erased. He began to read a lot of Chairman Mao's photos. I hope to see a trace of Chairman Mao’s charm in the moment the film freezes. After repeated and multiple screening, Zhou Lingzhao finally finalized a photo of Chairman Mao during the peace talks in Peking.
The first version of the portrait. Generally, the first button on the collar of a tunic is a Fengji button.
In this photo, Chairman Mao is wearing an octagonal hat with his neckline slightly open. There are happy smiles all over his face. After selecting the photos, Zhou Lingzhao took some dry food and water and plunged into the studio. It could be seen that he was ready for a protracted battle. After several days of creating with complete concentration, Zhou Lingzhao finally created a very high-level portrait of Chairman Mao. Looking at this portrait, only Zhou Lingzhao knew that it was not easy to create.
He needs to maintain a high level of concentration every day. Sometimes I'm too hungry, so I just gnaw on the dry food at hand, drink a sip of water, and then continue to devote myself to the creation.
is exactly the same. As soon as Zhou Lingzhao's portrait came out, it attracted the visit of Mr. Nie Rongzhen, one of the top ten marshals and the mayor of Beijing. He heard that this Professor Zhou has gone to the point where he has gone crazy and forgot to sleep and eat in order to complete this painting in the past few days. Now, on September 30, the day before the founding ceremony, he actually let him draw it. It seems that I really didn't misunderstand the person.
Mr. Nie watched Zhou Lingzhao's paintings carefully for a long, long time. After seeing the paintings, Mr. Nie was still reluctant to put down the paintings. He admired the "likeness, trueness" Zhou Lingzhao saw that he still got the hard work these days. Affirmation and appreciation, so I can’t help feeling a little bit of joy. However, Mr. Nie suddenly changed his conversation and said to Zhou Lingzhao, “Tomorrow is a very serious moment for the founding ceremony of the country, so I suggest that you can paint the style of our chairman. "Deduct it, deduct it"" Zhou Lingzhao finished listening.It suddenly dawned on me that I thought that I had really gone crazy to create a portrait of Chairman Mao these days, just to restore the appearance of the chairman, and forgot the real purpose of this painting. It was because I had neglected, and quickly said to Mr. Nie, " Mayor Nie was thoughtful, I will revise it now." So, another all night started.
In the dead of night, it was already autumn in Beijing, so there was not even a sound of insects outside the window. At this time, Zhou Lingzhao was still sitting in front of the drawing board, drawing attentively. At this time, the door of Zhou Lingzhao's house rang, banging, and there was a knock on the door. Zhou Lingzhao didn't seem to hear it. He was still sitting in front of the drawing board and painting seriously, knocking on the door. It rang again, and Zhou Lingzhao reacted. He hurriedly ran over to open the door, regardless of whether there were any unexpected guests in the middle of the night. After Zhou Lingzhao opened the door out of breath, the figure at the door surprised him. It was Premier Zhou.
Seeing Premier Zhou’s kind eyes, Zhou Lingzhao was instantly in awe. He invited Premier Zhou to sit in his studio, looked at the messy studio, and then looked at the piles of gnaw beside Zhou Lingzhao’s drawing board. With the mess of dry food, Premier Zhou also admired the professor a little bit more. He said to Zhou Lingzhao, "Professor Zhou, although the five words "Serve the people" are on the painting, if this is hanging on the tower, it would not be insignificant. To be clear, I would trouble Professor Zhou to modify it." Zhou Lingzhao felt very moved when he looked at the kind attitude of Premier Zhou as one of the country's main leaders. He devoted himself to the revision of the painting non-stop.
After these two revisions of Chairman Mao’s portrait, he finally finished the painting, but Professor Zhou Lingzhao was not busy to take a break. He accompanied the workers who hung the portrait to the Tiananmen Tower , and accompanied them to use three. A wire tied the portrait, slowly climbed onto the ladder, and hung the portrait. A few hours later, the founding ceremony officially began. Zhou Lingzhao watched intently below. Zhou Lingzhao finally saw Chairman Mao’s real person, as if he felt closer than the paintings, and then saw his paintings hanging on top of Chairman Mao. , Praised by the people below, he silently said a word to himself in his heart, value.
Of course this is only the first portrait of Chairman Mao.Since that year, in order to ensure the freshness of the portrait of Chairman Mao on the Tiananmen Square, a portrait of Chairman Mao will be replaced every year. At that time, in order to thank Chairman Mao for his outstanding contributions to New China, in the homes of ordinary people. Basically, a portrait of Chairman Mao will be hung, and the standard of people's portraits is based on the portrait on Tiananmen Square.
The staff is changing the portrait with the help of a hoisting truck
In 1964, , the portrait of Chairman Mao on Tiananmen Square was turned into a side view, which is in the common people. It caused a lot of repercussions. Everyone is used to the standard full-length portrait of Chairman Mao. Now it suddenly becomes like this. Therefore, more or less criticisms will be made. The common people think that there is only one portrait of Chairman Mao. Ears, and the eyes are always facing upwards, this has a very bad influence on the chairman's glorious image.
1964 version
Xinhua News Agency, which was in charge of the portrait of the chairman at the time, also listened carefully to the suggestions of the masses and repainted a standard binaural portrait of Chairman Mao. The portraits on the towers of Tiananmen Square were basically the same each year. Since 1967, they have never changed. This also reflects the people's love for Chairman Mao and the lofty status of Chairman Mao in the hearts of the people.
In 1977, Comrade Deng Xiaoping re-entered China’s political arena. He proposed to the masses the great tactical policy of reform and opening up. It is also from this year that China’s streets and lanes have not been the same as before. It is covered with portraits of Chairman Mao. This phenomenon has caused a lot of discussion in the international arena. This also attracted a famous Italian female journalist who decided to come to China to see what the reform and opening up China is like.
This female reporter is called Faraki ,At that time, she was a world-famous female journalist, the most famous of which was her interview with Kissinger. At that time Kissinger was in the American political arena. People who knew him would call him an old fox, but this old fox was led by Farage during an interview and said, The United States should not fight . Vietnam War is meaningless. This sentence caused a wave of waves in the United States at that time.
People were surprised how this smileless professor could say such a thing. Kissinger also denied it that day, saying that he had never said such a ridiculous thing, but Farage could say that he didn’t save any face. Kissinger made the recording of the interview public on the same day.
This also led to Kissinger even wrote in his memoirs that accepting Farage's interview was the stupidest and most wrong thing he had ever done in his life. It was after this that Faraci entered the center of the world press. Her pursuit of facts and grasp of hot spots have basically reached a fairly mature stage. At that time, leaders of various countries were unwilling to actively accept Faraci’s During the interview, I was afraid that I would say something that I shouldn't say, and I would get dusty.
However, Comrade Deng Xiaoping was willing to take the initiative to accept Farage’s interview. The reason is very simple. Comrade Deng Xiaoping believed that China was in an important period of reform and opening up at that time. If it does, it will have a good impact on my country's investment promotion, so he accepted Farage's request for an interview without even thinking about it. You must know that Faraci came prepared this time. She prepared a lot of sharp questions to interview Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
Although the outline is set for reform and opening up, everyone knows that Faraci will never ask those scenes that are only about reform and opening up. At that time, the whole world was basically paying attention to this interview. They wanted to see how Farage pulled Deng Xiaoping from the perfect man.
early version
Sure enough, Faraci asked a very sharp question on the second day of the interview, that is, whether the portrait of Chairman Mao on the Tiananmen Gate would be taken down. Comrade Deng Xiaoping simply Smiled and said,The portrait of Chairman Mao will be preserved forever. Faraci seems to be not very satisfied with this more official answer, and wants to say something, but Comrade Deng Xiaoping silenced her with a single sentence. He said, "Chinese people are very emotional. We will always commemorate Chairman Mao, the founder of the country and the party," the words will silence Farage, who has always been good at sophistry. Later, Comrade Deng Xiaoping said that this interview was nothing more than boiled frogs in warm water, and there was basically no nervousness, and the defeat of Faraci became a talk in the world at that time.
Indeed, as Comrade Deng Xiaoping said, we must always remember Chairman Mao, the great man, the founder of New China and the Communist Party. Dongfang is red, the sun is rising, and Mao Zedong is born in China. In this case, it will sing for a hundred years.
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