Don't want to return Hong Kong, Mrs. Thatcher is going to use force? Deng Xiaoping broke his illusion with a sentence

Deng Xiaoping was foresighted and brilliant. It was because of his reasoned struggle and impotence in the negotiations that the world's best female politician at the time did not get any benefits. It's just that Thatcher, who was on the plane at the time, hadn't realized how strong this opponent was.

At 9 o'clock in the morning on September 24, 1982, Mrs. Thatcher arrived at the Great Hall of the People . As the Chinese representative in the negotiations with the United Kingdom, Deng Xiaoping has long been waiting here. The two greeted each other for a while, and then they went straight to the subject and debated the issue of Hong Kong's return.

Having said that, we have to review how Hong Kong Island fell into the hands of the British.

Since modern times, the power of the Qing court has gradually declined. Under the attack of long guns and cannons, China was first opened by opium and then trampled by the military of various capitalist countries. It was during this period that Hong Kong was shamelessly snatched by Britain.

In 1860, the Qing court signed the " Sino-British Beijing Treaty " and ceded the Kowloon Peninsula;

In 1882,"Nanjing Treaty", Hong Kong Island was given to the British;

In 1898, the Qing Dynasty, who was at the end of the road, signed the " Special Article for Hong Kong Boundary Extension " under the coercion of the United Kingdom, a large area of ​​land on the Kowloon Peninsula and nearby 200 A number of new islands were given to the United Kingdom in the form of "lease", with a lease term of 99 years.

In this way, Hong Kong fell into the hands of the British.

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the government officially announced the abolition of all unequal treaties and debts signed by the Qing government, to ban all imperialist privileges in China, and confiscate everything imperialism in China. Assets, and the treaties on Hong Kong are naturally among them.

Considering that New China has just been established, its overall strength is still relatively weak, and the country is still waiting to be developed, and it is in urgent need of construction. my country has always hoped to solve the problem through negotiation and hopes to solve the Hong Kong issue peacefully. But the British entrenched themselves on Hong Kong Island and refused to leave, which greatly annoyed many Chinese.

All of a sudden, the domestic support of the People's Liberation Army to fight over, the complete liberation of Hong Kong was endless.

But this proposal did not get the support of Chairman Mao. Regarding Hong Kong, he has a more long-term strategic layout: China needs to rely on Hong Kong to develop its maritime foreign trade relations. It is of great significance to China!

Chairman Mao reviewed the current situation and formulated a foreign policy of "not regaining it for the time being, but letting it develop", hoping to stabilize the prosperity of Hong Kong's trade and economy. However, with the return of Hong Kong in 1997 and the growing strength of China's national power, the Hong Kong issue is getting closer and closer. China and Britain agree that this is a major issue that needs to be resolved urgently by both countries.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward the idea of ​​ "One Country, Two Systems" , hoping that the Taiwan issue and Hong Kong issue can be resolved peacefully on this basis. At this time in the UK,They are also constantly testing the position, attitude and bottom line of the Chinese government on the Hong Kong issue.

Then came Thatcher's visit to China.

Mrs. Thatcher, a week before her visit to China, confidently said at the press conference that the British governing Hong Kong is based on the treaties signed in the past and is compliant and legal, only in the United Kingdom Only under the control of Hong Kong can Hong Kong maintain its current stable and prosperous situation. Without the protection of the United Kingdom, Hong Kong’s prospects are worthy of concern, and her relaxed attitude shows absolute confidence.

"The husband has not fought, and the temple is the winner. It is too much."

Deng Xiaoping, who has always been good at planning, is not sure of Thatcher's attitude at this time. I don't know if she will. Treat Hong Kong like Maldives. Just in case, he will always come up with the worst situation. He believes that China must be prepared to defend Hong Kong Island by force, and discussed with Li Xiannian about the deployment of force.

Chairman Mao's "All reactionaries are paper tigers" This sentence is correct. Thatcher puts a lot of cruel words, it means that the emptiness inside her is, and the United Kingdom at this time is afraid of real swords. Really fighting with China, saying something that seems to have a deterrent effect, but it's just an "empty city plan".

At the beginning of the talks, Margaret Thatcher directly put forward the validity of the "three treaties", namely " Sino-British Nanjing Treaty", Sino-British " Beijing Treaty" and "Expanding Hong Kong Boundary" These three treaties are true and effective, and the British control of Hong Kong is in full compliance with international law.

She believes that China can modify and supplement these treaties through negotiation, but it cannot unilaterally abolish these treaties.

heard this,Deng Xiaoping understood that Britain clearly wanted to make a fuss about past historical issues, but New China was not the Qing government, and Deng Xiaoping was not Li Hongzhang , and could not let imperialism be left to nothing.

He was not led by Thatcher's seemingly structured, nonsense statements, but turned the conversation around and said to her: "China's position on the Hong Kong issue is firm. Hong Kong’s sovereignty cannot be discussed, and China will never make any concessions on this matter.”

This shocked Thatcher. He originally planned to slowly grind China like soybean milk. As a result, Deng Xiaoping showed his attitude as soon as he came up, but he was caught off guard.

Before Thatcher could react, Deng Xiaoping immediately said that the talks between Britain and China should focus on "what methods should be adopted to manage Hong Kong in order to maintain Hong Kong's prosperous economy" and "what should the Chinese and British governments adopt? Measures to ensure that Hong Kong will not experience major fluctuations in 50 years from now on." Discuss these issues.

Thatcher was unwilling to let the topic go astray, and brought the topic back to the issue of Hong Kong's sovereignty.

Deng Xiaoping was a little annoyed by Margaret Thatcher’s arrogance. He once again emphasized that on the issue of Hong Kong’s sovereignty, China has no room for maneuver and sovereignty does not need to be negotiated. By 1997, the Chinese government is bound to do so. Take back Hong Kong.

Sovereignty cannot be negotiated. This is the consensus of all Chinese people.

On the Hong Kong issue, the Chinese have waited for 33 years, plus 15 years is 48 years. In such a long period of time, the Chinese can only keep on relying on their trust in the party and the country. If in 1997 , The government cannot take back Hong Kong, so who will give the Chinese people an explanation?

Speaking of this, Deng Xiaoping became emotional: "If it is not recovered, it means that the Chinese government is the late Qing government.The Chinese leader is Li Hongzhang. Deng Xiaoping’s irritation made Margaret Thatcher a little bit unable to come to power, and then she began to face the small Chinese leader in front of her and realized that this would be a very difficult negotiation.

very Soon, Mrs. Thatcher is making another move. She triumphantly threatened that if Hong Kong returns to China, trading companies investing in Hong Kong will no longer have confidence. If investors withdraw from Hong Kong in large numbers, the price will be What it cannot bear, the economic status that Hong Kong enjoys today will no longer exist.

Deng Xiaoping responded unhurriedly. Of course, China hopes to obtain British cooperation to maintain Hong Kong’s economic prosperity. But Hong Kong’s economic prosperity Development does not depend on British management. Hong Kong’s economic development will ultimately depend on the policies China implements upon Hong Kong’s return.

Mrs. Thatcher pressed on every step of the way, but Deng Xiaoping used softness to overcome strength, no matter what she played. Deng Xiaoping always sees tricks, 's right to speak has always been firmly held in his hands, and Thatcher hasn’t gotten it at all.

Faced with such a smart negotiator, Thatcher is also very difficult. She remained elegant. She was sitting on pins and needles at the meeting and couldn’t wait to show her trump card, trying to achieve her goal through threats. She arrogantly said to Deng Xiaoping that if China persists, then the British side will consider adopting “non-peaceful” How to solve the Hong Kong problem.

How can Deng Xiaoping, who has experienced many battles, be scared by these little tricks!

This kind of political intimidation has long been commonplace for Deng Xiaoping, and there is no deterrent. He is straightforward. He fought back: "Chinese people are a little poor, but they are not afraid of death in a war. "

A short and powerful sentence made Thatcher speechless for a moment. After a long silence, she relaxed and turned to a proposal for a change of sovereignty.He expressed his willingness to return Hong Kong's sovereignty, but the premise is that the United Kingdom retains its management over Hong Kong.

After talking for a long time, Britain still couldn't get out of the box of "sovereignty". Deng Xiaoping was very dissatisfied with their circle-like negotiation strategy. In the end, the British just didn't want to return Hong Kong to China.

He was too lazy to perfuse her, so he uttered a sentence:

"Chairman Mao had predicted the situation today. Now Hong Kong’s fresh water supply comes from the Mainland. If the Chinese government cuts off the water supply to Hong Kong, then Hong Kong It will become a dead port."

, if Mrs. Thatcher is completely blocked, her face is as ugly as a tree trunk, and she has no pre-negotiation spirit at all. Apart from frustration and embarrassment, she has nothing now. It's left.

At the end of this meeting, Deng Xiaoping once again resolutely emphasized that China has given Britain enough patience to take back Hong Kong. The Chinese people can no longer wait. If there are major fluctuations in Hong Kong, or China and Britain have been unable to reach consensus on issues of principle, so China will reconsider when and how to take back Hong Kong.

The implication is that the United Kingdom agrees, then everything will be carried out in accordance with the previous agreement, and China will take back Hong Kong as scheduled in 1997. If not, China will inevitably take tougher measures to take back Hong Kong.

This gave Thatcher a big jump . Not only did she fail to achieve her goal when she wanted to use force to threaten her, she got angry with China, which made her situation in the negotiation more passive.

This two-hour negotiation finally came to an end. Margaret Thatcher walked out of the meeting hall with a dead face. The reporters who had already gathered at the door saw Margaret Thatcher, who was dignified, rushing to visit. An extremely reluctant smile squeezed out of her face, trying to cover her embarrassment and sorrow in this way.

Mrs. Thatcher fell in front of the Great Hall of the People

But the next scene still betrayed her inner feelings,Thatcher, who hadn't gotten out of the meeting, stepped on his foot inadvertently and rolled down the steps. More unfortunately, this extremely embarrassing moment was faithfully recorded by reporters from various countries, and it became the most classic scene of this meeting.

This visit to China made Margaret Thatcher so faceless that she was reluctant to negotiate with Chinese personnel for a long time. For the United Kingdom, China felt very helpless for this deliberate delay and rogue method, so in order to advance the itemized matters of Hong Kong's return, China informed the United Kingdom in February 1982:

The draft plan to take back Hong Kong has begun to take shape. If Britain refuses to negotiate, then China will announce its plan in 1984.

This statement made the British ambassador to China Collida and Governor Youde eclipsed. The two hurriedly flew back to Britain to discuss with Mrs. Thatcher. Faced with China's refusal to yield, Margaret Thatcher had no choice but to compromise. So he wrote to Zhao Ziyang, stating that he had submitted a plan for the transfer of sovereignty to the parliament.

Only a few months later did China and Britain resume negotiations.

On July 11, 1983, China and Britain held 22 rounds of debate and negotiation on the issue of Hong Kong's return. During the one-year negotiation period, Thatcher, who was unyielding in his heart, had tormented the Chinese government, praising Deng Xiaoping’s great vision of one country, two systems, calling it a genius creation, and questioning the possibility of the implementation of this plan. .

She did not forget to brainwash the Chinese personnel, trying to convince them that Hong Kong can only develop steadily and prosperously under the control of the United Kingdom. Listening to Mrs. Thatcher's platitudes repeated thousands of times, Deng Xiaoping was already impatient. He complained privately like this: "I don't make sense with this woman (Mrs Thatcher), she doesn't make sense at all." "

Britain’s extremely uncooperative attitude,The negotiation only passed three rounds, and it was again in a deadlock.

No way, Deng Xiaoping had to communicate with British Prime Minister Heath to once again express China's position to the UK and the world.

He said: "I hope that we will not be entangled in the sovereignty issue anymore, not to make China unilaterally issue a declaration to withdraw Hong Kong, but to issue a joint statement between China and Britain, so that both China and the United Kingdom Good."

"I hope that Prime Minister Thatcher and his government will adopt a clear attitude and not stop the road."

These last words undoubtedly put great pressure on Mrs. Thatcher. After repeated weighing, she finally chose to agree to use China’s ideas as the basis for the negotiation.

The Sino-British negotiations were only able to continue, but soon new problems appeared.

Britain again raised objections to China's garrison in Hong Kong. They tried to get China to abandon Hong Kong's military rule, and they also brainstormed Deng Xiaoping's idea of ​​"forming an internal security team."

Hong Kong is China's inherent territory. After the government resumes Hong Kong's exercise of sovereignty, of course it has the right to be stationed in Hong Kong. This is a symbol of the territory of the People's Republic of China, a symbol of the national territory, and a prerequisite for ensuring the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong. The British raised this question, undoubtedly wanting to fundamentally undermine China's sovereignty over Hong Kong, and their heart is shameful.

Deng Xiaoping has repeatedly emphasized that national sovereignty is a red line that cannot be negotiated, but Thatcher clings to the sovereignty issue like a rogue, touching Deng Xiaoping's bottom line time and time again, finally provoking him to furious.

He angrily asked the Hong Kong reporter present: "Hong Kong is a Chinese territory, why can't troops be stationed? Why don't you have this right? What is China's territory?"

sent by Deng Xiaoping Of a fire,Frightened the British, and immediately changed their attitude on the issue of garrison.

After another difficult negotiation, the unwavering attitude of maintaining the integrity of sovereignty has always been insisted, and the monolithic Chinese government has completely dispelled the British illusions about Hong Kong, and won the final victory of the negotiations.

On December 18, 1984, Mrs. Thatcher arrived in Beijing again. This time, China and Britain have reached a consensus on the Hong Kong issue.

The next day, China and Britain signed a joint statement at the Great Hall of the People. So far, the Hong Kong issue has been perfectly resolved.

At the signing ceremony, Mrs. Thatcher sighed convincingly that the Chinese leader showed the tenacity and long-term strategic vision in the negotiation.

On June 30, 1997, the British flag dropped from Governor’s House .

At 0:00 on July 1, 1997, the five-star red flag and the regional flag of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region rose slowly to the sound of the solemn national anthem.

The degree of difficulty of this negotiation was unexpected by the British government. Later, when Mrs. Thatcher recalled, she sighed: "We are the same one who refuses to make concessions, and is far above us. As the representative of China, Deng Xiaoping left a deep impression on Thatcher. In "Recalling the Years in Chinatown", Thatcher described Deng Xiaoping as a resolute and persistent person. .

"He said,'Hong Kong sovereignty is not under discussion at all, and China will announce the decision to take back Hong Kong later.' It was unexpected to me."

Deng Xiaoping's outstanding performance has been unanimously recognized by the international community and has witnessed Lord Powell, who was at the head of the Sino-British negotiations on the Hong Kong issue, described Deng Xiaoping this way, "Although he is small in size,However, when presenting his ideas, he was more frank and direct than ordinary people, and he was not as cautious and sleek as an ordinary diplomat. "

But he was such a small, unruly man, with his unwavering faith, will and extraordinary talent, he took the land plundered by Britain. He came back and completed Chairman Mao’s vision, which made the whole world admire him.

His performance in the negotiations showed the entire Western world, as a major eastern country, China’s firm attitude on sovereignty issues, and made them even more aware of it. The courage, courage and wisdom possessed by Chinese leaders have fully demonstrated China's growing comprehensive strength, making all countries dare not to underestimate this country that is stepping up its recovery and rise plan.