Guo Moruo served as the diplomatic ambassador to share the concerns for Premier Zhou
After the end of the Ninth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1969, Chairman Mao intends to gradually resume the diplomatic career that has gradually deviated in recent years and resume normal diplomacy with major countries. Relationships and interactions. For this reason, Chairman Mao once called Foreign Minister Chen Yi to Zhongnanhai after the end of the "Ninth National Congress" for communication, and finally adopted the proposal of Foreign Minister Chen Yi on "improving relations with the United States." "To talk about a friendly and harmonious relationship."
Picture: Chairman Mao and Chen Yi together
However, in fact, Chairman Mao was prepared to resume normal diplomatic relations earlier. That is, two months ago, Guo Moruo acted as a deputy Visiting neighboring countries in Southeast Asia as the chairman, in fact, this is an important event in Chairman Mao's restoration of normal diplomacy.
What happened at that time was this: In late February 1969, the crown prince of Nepal was about to hold a wedding. The king of Nepal, who has always maintained a close relationship with China, warmly invited Premier Zhou Enlai to Kathmandu to attend the wedding of the crown prince and proceed. state visit.
Picture: Premier Zhou is working hard
In this regard, Premier Zhou Enlai attaches great importance to Nepal’s invitation. He knows that this is an important state visit to change the tension between the two countries for more than a year. In the summer of 1967, a small number of rioters in the Nepalese capital Kathman went to the China Photo Gallery to beat, smash, rob and burn. After the Chinese Embassy in Nepal lodged a verbal protest, the Nepalese side has sincerely apologized for this incident and stated that it will severely punish the rioters.
After receiving the sincere apology from Nepal, the Chinese Embassy in Nepal thought it was unnecessary to file a written protest, but at that time, Foreign Minister Chen Yi had lost control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.Some people with ulterior motives even openly advocated that “we should not be afraid of severing diplomatic relations and resolutely fight.” This led to the wrong judgment of the Chinese Embassy in Nepal and a written “strong protest” to the Nepalese side. The relationship between the two countries quickly became tense. Direct After Premier Zhou Enlai took over foreign affairs again in August 1967, he immediately asked Foreign Minister Chen Yi to meet with the Nepalese ambassador twice to reiterate the traditional friendship between the two countries. This restored the relationship between the two countries.
Picture: Premier Zhou Enlai at work
Although Premier Zhou Enlai wanted to go to Nepal for this state visit in person, for various reasons, the well-rounded Premier Zhou could not spare any time to conduct state affairs in Nepal. access. On February 22, 1969, when Premier Zhou Enlai met with the temporary representative of Nepal in China, he put his heart to heart and said such an apologetic remarks :
"You can tell, although I have been very I want to attend the wedding of your prince in person, but now I think this possibility is very small, because too much work makes me unable to get away. You have been in China for a long time, you should know my current situation What is it like? The second reason why you can’t go is because there is no direct plane from Beijing to Kathmandu. This is also a technical reason. Now Nepal Airport cannot accept the landing of the Il-18 passenger plane, and if Let me land from Tibet and go to Nepal by car. I think I can’t bear it with my current physical conditions.”
Since Premier Zhou can’t go in person, who should be sent to Kathmandu for a state visit to Nepal. Woolen cloth? If you want to talk about seniority and seniority, Premier Zhou Enlai immediately thought of Guo Moruo. Although Guo Lao is 78 years old at this time, his body is still very healthy. Zhou Enlai once joked to Guo Moruo’s wife Yu Liqun: “Guo Lao’s heart is as good as a young man.He will definitely live to be a hundred years old.
Picture: Guo Moruo's old photos
Nevertheless, it is indeed not easy to go to Nepal. In order to ask Mr. Guo Moruo to go to Nepal instead of himself, Premier Zhou came to Guo Jiada in person The hospital, personally explained to Guo Moruo, who was about to enter his old age, his difficulties in not being able to travel to Nepal. In the face of this weather-beaten old comrade-in-arms, Guo Moruo agreed to this errand without hesitation.
To do well To prepare for his mission to Nepal, Guo Moruo found the friend Chang Ren Xia he met in the 1930s. Chang Ren Xia is a well-known South Asian historical researcher and art historian. Guo Moruo learned about Nepal’s history and culture from him. More than 10 years ago, resident man once went to Kathmandu for a short stay. He explained to Guo Moruo: "The name of the royal palace in Nepal is called'Singha Durba'. The so-called'Singha' means'lion'. The so-called “new addition” in Singapore is the transliteration of “Singha”...”
Picture: Mr. Chang Renxia posing for a photo at the gate of the Chinese Academy
Guo Moruo remembers all these cultural and historical knowledge in his heart and always When Ren Xia was about to leave, Guo Moruo entrusted the old friend to save the information in written form for his later reference. On February 25, 1969, Premier Zhou Enlai personally saw Guo Moruo off, and Guo Moruo and his party left Beijing and rushed to Kathmandu. February From 27th to March 4th, Guo Moruo attended the wedding of the Prince of Nepal as the vice chairman, and attended a number of state visits. He met with King Mahendra and the Prime Minister of Nepal and expressed passionately to the Nepalese side: "I hope this visit of mine can contribute to the friendship between China and Nepal. ”
Since then,Guo Moruo often traveled abroad as a Republican ambassador to share the worries of Premier Zhou. On October 11, 1971, at the invitation of Iran, Guo Lao planned to go there to participate in the 2500 anniversary of the founding of the Persian Empire, but this time Guo Moruo's body had an unexpected condition, which made the trip fail to fulfill his wishes.
It turns out that in early October, Guo Moruo once accompanied the famous emperor Haier Selassie of Ethiopia to visit the Great Wall of China. During this foreign affairs activity, Guo Moruo's body was accidentally caught by the cold wind and suffered Caught a cold. Despite the ill health, Guo Moruo still focused on national affairs and accompanied him to the Great Wall of China. But when Guo Moruo took a flight to Xinjiang Hotan to transfer to Iran, his condition suddenly worsened, and he even lost the ability to speak because of his hoarse voice.
Picture: Chairman Mao and Guo Moruo
After Premier Zhou Enlai learned that Guo Lao was seriously ill, he immediately cancelled Guo Lao’s state operations to Iran, and asked him to rest in place and dispatched a Chinese station. The Pakistani ambassador participated in this diplomatic visit instead of Guo Lao. In view of Mr. Guo’s previous illness, Premier Zhou Enlai also took special care of the staff around him. If there are no special circumstances in the future, no elderly over 70 years old will be arranged to accompany foreign guests to visit the Great Wall.
However, because of this illness, Guo Moruo was fortunate enough to fulfill his long-cherished wish to visit Xinjiang. During his stay in Xinjiang, Guo Moruo and his wife Yu Liqun passed through Urumqi and toured the nearby Shihezi Army Reclamation Village. On September 16th, Guo Moruo visited the Tianchi near Urumqi. His poem was in full swing and he left a Qilu poem:
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Singing and dancing to welcome VIPs by the water, and waiting for poems in the sky.
There is a pool of thick ink filled with inkstone, and Wan Mu Changhao stands out.
Even more so this morning, the double roe deer, the feast adds to the fun and the wine is like a spring.
Guo Moruo's qualifications as a deputies to the National People's Congress were questioned, and Premier Zhou came forward to explain.
Although Guo Moruo devoted himself to the diplomatic cause of New China, he still inevitably faced malicious slander and unwarranted doubts from some people. During the qualification review of the next four sessions of the National People's Congress, someone turned out Guo Moruo's previous "old accounts", claiming that Guo Moruo had "historical problems" and accusing him of being a "deserter" after the Nanchang Uprising. may be because the qualifications of the National People's Congress require the supervision and participation of the masses outside the party. These doubts have made Guo Moruo's qualifications of the fourth-term National People's Congress "unresolved" for a long time.
Picture: Guo Moruo is with the students
When Guo Moruo feels a little helpless, not only some people who do not know the truth have questions about their party membership, but also the old people who have been with him for many years. Friends, there will be more or less historical misunderstandings about yourself. During Guo Moruo's previous exile in Japan, he met some patriotic people without party affiliation, including Wu Luxun, who was once the commander of the 19th Route Army.
At that time, due to various environmental constraints, Guo Moruo lost contact with the party organization for a long time, so he considered himself a non-partisan, but Wu Luxun wrote this in a five-character poem to Guo Moruo ：
Picture: Wu Luxun (middle front) and his old friend from Chaoshan were taken in Shantou
The old friend is called comrade, and Yu Yu disagrees.
You are now a Communist Party, and I still have my original intention.
Seeing such poems, Guo Moruo suddenly felt dumbfounded. Although Guo Moruo thought he was already a qualified " Bolshevik " mentally,But if you really want to say from the organizational relationship, he is no longer a Communist Party member in the strict sense, but out of the same historical misunderstanding, Wu Luxun still insists on his own understanding, which makes Guo Moruo meet for decades. A problem that bothers him: In the eyes of democratic non-partisans, he is a "Communist Party", but in the eyes of Communists, Mr. Guo should be regarded as a "Democrat." Guo Moruo's such subtle identity has even caused it. Something embarrassing together.
It turned out that after a performance by a literary performer in the 1950s, the famous soprano singer Guo Lanying was received by Guo Lao. At that time, Guo Moruo happily said to her: "My daughter, let's toast Premier Zhou together." Guo said that he just thought he was an old "Bolshevik" and should use the care of his father to show Guo Lanying. To express blessings and to recognize her as a goddaughter is understandable.
Picture: Guo Lanying (data map)
But who knows Guo Lanying flatly refused, with a sentence of "I am not your daughter" , so this chairman of the National Federation of Literary and Art Associations can't step down. . After Zhou Enlai heard this, she criticized her for not knowing etiquette on the spot, but Guo Lanying confidently replied: "I am a member of the Chinese Communist Party, how can I recognize my godfather?" Premier Zhou laughed and laughed. Still insist that Guo Lanying raise the wine to apologize to Guo Moruo.
Later, the issue of Guo Moruo's NPC deputies' qualifications was learned by Premier Zhou, who had a lot of knowledge. After hearing about this situation, on August 9, 1970,When meeting with comrades from Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Trade and other units, Premier Zhou made a clear explanation of these “historical issues” of Guo Moruo:
Picture: Premier Zhou Enlai (data map)
"How can you condemn Mr. Guo for not following the army to Jinggangshan? If you really want to ask this question, you can ask me Zhou Enlai. I am the secretary of the former committee. At that time, Mr. Guo was not in Zhu De's army, and Among the troops headed south by He Long and Ye Ting, after the failure of the Shantou military operation, Mr. Guo came to Shanghai and the party organization approved him to go to Japan. At that time, Mr. Guo was studying Oracle in Japan and his contribution to Chinese history. It's very big."
Zhou Enlai's words finally helped Guo Lao get out of the predicament and regained his candidacy for the fourth session of the National People's Congress. In order to appreciate Zhou Enlai's help, Guo Moruo "goed to the next level" in his diplomatic career and played an important role that others could not play in that special age.
The small ball turns the big ball: Guo Moruo's "Ping-Pong Diplomacy"
Since the People’s Republic of China officially restored its legal seat in the United Nations in October 1971, Chairman Mao proposed the political slogan of “connecting all nations with foreign nations”, hoping that through sports, In particular, table tennis opened up a new diplomatic landscape. As the chairman of the Chinese People’s Committee for the Defence of World Peace, Guo Moruo naturally looked at the special function of table tennis to promote exchanges among peoples around the world.
In April 1971, the US table tennis delegation visited China. Zhou Enlai pointed out during the meeting: "This action by the US table tennis team opened the door to the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States." Since then, with the secret visit of US Secretary of State Kissinger to China and the visit of US President Nixon to China in February of the following year, the improvement of Sino-US relations has greatly changed the cold war pattern formed in the world after World War II.
Picture: July 10, 1971Premier Zhou Enlai used Quanjude Roast Duck to entertain Dr. Kissinger, Assistant to the US President for Security Affairs. In September 1972, Guo Moruo once wrote a poem in vernacular about the first Asian Table Tennis Competition. The excerpts are as follows:
Last year’s Nagoya, an unforgettable history,
The small silver ball actually shook the entire celestial sphere. ;
is a craze, overwhelming the cold current of the cold war,
the world situation, hopefully it can be improved.
……
Although this prose poem belongs to "distributed writing" and is not so catchy to read, this poem by Guo Moruo has left a literary proof for China's "ping-pong diplomacy", although it is better than From "The little silver ball shakes the entire celestial sphere" This sentence is somewhat convoluted, and later people are more willing to use "the small ball rotates the big ball" to carry out the diplomatic activities of the new China during this period. Generalize.
Picture: Zhou Enlai met with Nixon at the airport
From 1971 to 1973, Guo Moruo gave a new life to the diplomatic career of New China. Under the arrangement of Premier Zhou Enlai, has successively carried out more than 500 diplomatic activities and devoted 70% of his energy to diplomatic activities between China, the United States and Japan.
With China's accession to the United Nations and the normalization of Sino-US relations, the normalization of Sino-Japanese relations has also been put on the agenda. Guo Moruo, as a real "Japan Master", has been making efforts for the normalization of Sino-Japanese relations for more than 20 years since the end of the Second World War.About half of the foreign affairs activities he participated in were related to Japan.
Picture: The 31st Table Tennis Championships
In February 1971, on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the China-Japan Cultural Exchange Association, Guo Lao wrote a poem with seven unique poems and entrusted it to participate in , Nagoya, Japan The Chinese delegation of the 31st World Table Tennis Championships delivered it in person to the head of the China-Japan Cultural Exchange Association. In fact, this is also a small story that cannot be ignored in China’s “ping-pong diplomacy”. The Japanese friends present knew Guo Moruo’s calligraphy well, so after receiving Guo Lao’s calligraphy, the person in charge of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange decided to display it on the spot. I saw that Guo Lao’s font was vigorous and powerful. Brilliance:
The sky is full of snow to welcome the spring, and the plum blossoms on the ridge reflect the sun.
As soon as Gaoqiu passed the horn, a thousand reds marched.
The poem is magnificent and vivid. It is actually the top work in Guo Moruo's mid- and late-stage works.
In July 1972, Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka came to power. Premier Zhou Enlai saw that this was a good time to restore the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Japan, so he immediately sent this message to Kakuei Tanaka through many Japanese friends: "Welcome Prime Minister Tanaka to come to China to discuss diplomatic relations at any time." On September 25, Kakuei Tanaka was invited to Beijing. Guo Moruo accompanied Zhou Enlai to the airport to greet him.
Picture: Kakuei Tanaka and his entourage, led by Guo Moruo, the then Honorary Chairman of the China-Japan Friendship Association, visited the jade garments of gold thread
During the intense talks, Guo Moruo accompanied Prime Minister Tanaka to visit the Forbidden City of China and in recent years. The precious cultural relics unearthed in China, such as "Horse Stepping on Flying Swallows" and "Golden Strand Jade Clothes" have feasted Tanaka's eyes.Guo Moruo is an outstanding writer and an outstanding expert in archaeology. His tireless explanations made the whole visit process icing on the cake.
On September 29, Guo Moruo participated in a major ceremony for Zhou Enlai and Kakuei Tanaka to sign the joint statement between the two countries. At this ceremony, Zhou Enlai, at the request of Tanaka Kakuei, wrote down the famous Chinese thinker Confucius 's famous saying, "Words must be trusted, actions must be fruitful" and sent to Tanaka. Feeling that Sino-Japanese relations have finally been normalized, Guo Moruo wrote a poem "Qinyuanchun" to celebrate the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Japan: "...the communiqué flew through, the diplomatic relations were restored, and there was cheers from all sides. From now on. , Words and deeds, faith and fruit, harmony with all nations."
Picture: Guo Moruo is watching the bronze horse
After the normalization of Sino-Japanese relations, Guo Moruo has left many literary works for Sino-Japanese culture. The exchange made an outstanding contribution. In 1975, Guo Moruo, who had stopped writing for many years, heard about the 75th anniversary of the establishment of Okayama No. 6 High School in Japan. Regardless of his physical condition, he managed to write a poem with the charm of Han and Tang Dynasties as a commemoration:
陟He slanted the mountain pine path, homesick and once looked at the end of the world.
Now that the whole world is home day, I turn to Cao Shan Sheng as home.
For Guo Moruo, Okayama is no different from his "second hometown", and his starting point for modern civilization education is here. After the founding of New China in 1955, when Guo Moruo visited Japan with a Chinese scientific delegation, Guo Moruo again visited Okayama. After returning home in July 1956, Guo Moruo gave a pair of Chinese national treasures- red-crowned crane to the local zoo. To commemorated Mr. Guo Moruo’s outstanding contribution to the friendship and communication between China and Japan,Okayama built a poem monument for Guo Moruo in Korakuen in 1961, This is also a reward for Guo Lao's lifelong dedication to "the friendship between the people of China and Japan from generation to generation".
Picture: From left: Yang Shangkun, Hu Qiaomu, Guo Moruo, Deng Xiaoping, Chairman Mao
In addition, in June 1977, Guo Moruo, who was already seriously ill, participated in the last foreign affairs event, which was to meet the famous Japanese friend Uchiyama's younger brother Cargill Uchiyama. Like Lu Xun, Guo Moruo also had a deep friendship with Uchiyama Wanzao as early as the 1920s. During this meeting, Guo Moruo encouraged Uchiyama Cargill to inherit the brother’s wishes and work hard to enhance the friendship between the two peoples. . So far, the four characters " Uchiyama Bookstore " written by Guo Moruo are still shining on the streets of Tokyo, Japan.
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