As we all know, Lankao County belongs to Kaifeng City, Henan Province and is one of the four counties under the jurisdiction of Kaifeng City. In fact, Lankao County has undergone a series of zoning adjustments. Because Lankao County was merged from Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County . In the late 1970s, Lankao County was once included in the Shangqiu area for a total of 3 years. In 1980, it was returned to the Kaifeng area. So, why is there such a zoning adjustment? Today, we will talk about the regional adjustment of the three prefecture-level cities of Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and Shangqiu.
First, let’s talk about the specific situation in Henan Province. Henan Province is one of the six provinces in central my country. At the same time, it is also my country's most populous province and a major food province. The geographical location of Henan Province is very important. It has been said that "the one who has gained the Central Plains has the world" since ancient times. The total population of Henan Province is over 99 million, second only to Guangdong Province and Shandong Province, ranking third in the country. The total wheat output of Henan Province ranks first in the country, accounting for almost one-tenth of the country. Ham sausages, dumplings, glutinous rice balls, etc. produced in Henan account for almost half of the country's total.
I have to say that Henan Province has a long history and has nurtured the brilliant Central Plains culture. Among the eight ancient capitals of our country, Henan Province accounted for 4 at a stretch: Luoyang, Kaifeng, Zhengzhou, and Anyang. Currently, Henan Province has 17 prefecture-level cities under its jurisdiction. In recent years, Henan Province has become a rising star in terms of cultural communication, especially the "Wonderful Tour" series, which is very popular. Before the Yuan Dynasty, the dynasties basically followed the two-level division of state and county.
However, in order to strengthen the management of various places, the 13 states of the Han Dynasty, 15 Dao of Tang Dynasty, 23 Road of Song Dynasty and so on appeared in successive dynasties. In fact, the names of many provinces in my country originated from the Song Dynasty, such as Shaanxi Road, Jingdong Road, and Shaanxi Road. In the middle of the 13th century, after the rise of the Yuan Dynasty in the north, a series of regimes such as Xixia Kingdom , Dajin Kingdom, Dali Kingdom, Tubo and Southern Song Dynasty were eliminated in decades.Established a huge empire with a very vast territory.
However, with the rapid expansion of the territory, the Yuan Dynasty lacked local management experience. Faced with the dense population of hundreds of state capitals, thousands of counties, and the complex population data, arable land and soil quality, and crop yields of the country, the Yuan Dynasty has never experienced it. Let's take the crops of various regions as an example. Due to the different climate and geological environment in different regions, there are various types of crops, such as soybean, wheat, rice, millet, etc., and there is a saying of whole grains.
As for the arable land in various places, there are more than 10 types of sandy land, yellow land, and hilly land. Each type of arable land is divided into three levels: upper, middle and lower. For such a situation, the Yuan Dynasty, known as "skilled bow horses", lacked the most basic conditions. Finally, the Yuan Dynasty, based on the experience of Song Dynasty 23rd Road, combined with the framework of Jin Guoxing Shangshutai, and after further adjustments, introduced the famous province system. The Yuan Dynasty divided the country into 10 provinces, such as Huguang, Henan, and Yunnan.
Each province has jurisdiction over various roads, each road has jurisdiction over various state capitals, and each state capital has jurisdiction under various counties. It is equivalent to the establishment of 4 levels of zoning. Although the Yuan Dynasty established the provincial system and laid the framework of the province, there were many problems in various aspects. First of all, the division of the provinces is unreasonable and local management is difficult. Second, the structure of local institutions is rough and the efficiency is very low. By the end of Yuan Dynasty's rule, the provinces and divisions had existed in name only. In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang established Ming Dynasty .
Subsequently, on the basis of the Yuan Dynasty provinces, according to the actual needs of the Ming Dynasty, further adjustments to the regional divisions. The road-level division was abolished, and a three-level division of province, state capital, and county was formed. This zoning model is very classic and has been used for hundreds of years. At the same time, a mode was established in which the governor, the inspector, and all command the side by side. During the reign of the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di , as the Ming Dynasty moved the capital, the north and south Zhili and 13 provinces were further formed.
In fact, the general divisions of many provinces in my country were established during the Ming Dynasty, such as Henan Province, Shandong Province, Zhejiang Province, and so on. Compared with the current zoning, it is very close. After the Qing Dynasty established its rule in the mid-17th century, it further adjusted the division of provinces. Finally, the division of 18 provinces in the interior of the Qing Dynasty was formed. In the regional adjustment of Henan Province, during the reign of the two emperors of Yongzheng and Qianlong, on the basis of the original state capitals of Henan Province, they were adjusted to 9 prefectures and 5 Zhili prefectures.
What is Zhili prefecture ? During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the prefectures were divided into Zhili prefecture and Sanzhou. Zhili Prefecture is directly under the management of the province and is equivalent to the government. Sanzhou is under the management of each government, which is equivalent to the county. They are: Kaifeng Mansion, Henan Mansion, Zhangde Mansion, Huaiqing Mansion, Weihui Mansion, Guide Mansion, Nanyang Mansion, Runing Mansion, Chenzhou Mansion , Xuzhou Zhili prefecture, Shanzhou Zhili prefecture, Ruzhou Zhili prefecture, Guangzhou Zhili prefecture, Zhengzhou Zhili prefecture.
Among them, Guide Mansion governs 1 Sanzhou and 8 counties, namely: Suizhou, Shangqiu County, Xiayi County, Ningling County, Yucheng County, Yongcheng County, Zhecheng County, Kaocheng County, Luyi County. Kaifeng Prefecture governs 1 Sanzhou and 11 counties, namely: Yuzhou, Xiangfu County, Xinzheng County, Chenliu County, Qixian, Lichuan County_ span7span, Yanling County, Tongxu County, Weishi County, Zhongmu County, Lanfeng County, Mi County.Please note that the later Lankao County was merged from Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County.
And Kaocheng County belongs to Guide Prefecture, and Lanfeng County belongs to Kaifeng Prefecture. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1912, our country entered a stage of warlord melee. The geographical position of Henan Province is very important. Warlords from all walks of life have repeatedly fought for it. The localities have been severely damaged, and they are in urgent need of recuperation. In the 1930s and 1940s, various parts of Henan suffered from locust plagues, droughts and floods. People's lives were very difficult. In a blink of an eye, it was the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. As the situation stabilized, our country entered a stage of economic development, post-war reconstruction, and resumption of production.
A series of important projects began in various places in Henan. At the same time, various special areas have been established in various parts of Henan. At that time, Henan Province was divided into 10 prefectures, namely: Zhengzhou prefecture, Chenliu prefecture, Shangqiu prefecture, Luoyang prefecture, Shanzhou prefecture, Huaiyang prefecture, Huangchuan prefecture, Nanyang prefecture, Xuchang prefecture, Xinyang area. In the early 1950s, Chenliu Prefecture, Huangchuan Prefecture, Shanzhou Prefecture, and Huaiyang Prefecture were successively cancelled.
Among them, Shanzhou Prefecture is merged into Luoyang Prefecture, Chenliu Prefecture is merged into Zhengzhou Prefecture, and Huangchuan Prefecture is merged into Xinyang Prefecture. In 1953, after Huaiyang special area was revoked, it was merged into Shangqiu special area. In the 1950s, many counties under the jurisdiction of Henan Province were very small. Therefore, in 1954, there was a large-scale adjustment in the division of Henan Province. Many small counties were abolished and then merged into other counties, such as Chenliu County, Weichuan County, Guangwu County, Chenggao County, and so on.
Among them, Kaocheng County was abolished, and some townships were included in Minquan County in Shangqiu Prefecture, and other townships were included in Lanfeng County in Kaifeng Prefecture. As the old county seat of Kaocheng County, it was included in Lanfeng County, because Lanfeng County was renamed Lankao County. After the Chenliu prefecture was abolished, several counties under its jurisdiction were all under the management of Zhengzhou prefecture. In 1954, the provincial capital of Henan moved from Kaifeng to Zhengzhou.Subsequently, the Zhengzhou Prefecture Office moved from Zhengzhou to Kaifeng, because the Zhengzhou Prefecture was renamed Kaifeng Prefecture.
From the map, the jurisdiction of Kaifeng Prefecture is very narrow, extending from Lankao County in the east to Gong County and Dengfeng County in the west. In 1958, Shangqiu Prefecture was abolished, and the counties under its jurisdiction were included in the management of Kaifeng Prefecture. At the same time, the five counties in the Kaifeng area were put under the management of Zhengzhou City. At that time, the Kaifeng area managed more than 20 counties in one go. According to the traffic and communication conditions in the 1950s and 1960s, there were too many counties under management to be too busy.
For example, notify each county to hold a meeting. For counties with a long distance, you need to leave two days in advance. Because the road is indeed far away, and it will not be possible to reach it late. Therefore, in 1961, the Shangqiu prefecture was re-established, divided into the counties of the Kaifeng prefecture, and returned to the Shangqiu prefecture. It was included in the 5 counties of Zhengzhou City and returned to the Kaifeng Special Zone. Therefore, the jurisdiction of the Kaifeng area is still very narrow and long. In the late 1960s, after all the regions in the country were renamed regions, the Kaifeng and Shangqiu regions were renamed Kaifeng and Shangqiu regions.
Lankao County is located in the easternmost part of the Kaifeng area, and has always been inextricably linked with the Shangqiu area. In addition, the jurisdiction of Kaifeng area is relatively narrow and long, in order to strengthen management. In 1977, Lankao County was transferred from Kaifeng area to Shangqiu area. Therefore, on the map of Henan Province in 1978, Lankao County is under the management of Shangqiu District. However, this zoning method has been maintained for a total of 3 years. In 1980, Lankao County was again included in the Kaifeng area from the Shangqiu area.
First of all, according to the distance at that time, Lankao County is a bit far away from the main city of Shangqiu, and there is a problem of traffic inconvenience. Second, in the late 1970s, with the continuous development of my country's economy, many provinces have undergone large-scale adjustments in order to meet the needs of the times. Among them, some areas have been gradually changed to prefecture-level cities. In particular, the division of coastal provinces such as Guangdong has undergone a series of adjustments. Under such a general environment, the regional adjustment of various parts of Henan Province is also under preparation and planning.
As expected, the Kaifeng area was revoked in 1983, and Zhongmou County, Gong County, Mi County, Dengfeng County, Xinzheng County and other places were put under the management of Zhengzhou City. Kaifeng County, Qi County, Weishi County, Lankao County, Tongxu County and other places are included in the management of Kaifeng City. Judging from the zoning at that time, various prefecture-level cities in Henan Province gradually formed. In 1997, the Shangqiu area was abolished and a prefecture-level city of Shangqiu was established. In the area of Henan Province, Kaifeng, Shangqiu, Zhoukou and other places are usually called the eastern Henan area, and they are very close in all respects.
There are many more stories about the adjustment of different regions in our country. The author will talk slowly with you in future articles.
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