Among the known female martyrs of the Chinese Communist Party, Liu Hulan is the youngest known. A 15-year-old girl, what kind of beliefs supported her and made her be so brave, so firm, and so calm in front of a cruel enemy?
Liu Hulan, formerly known as Liu Fulan, was born on October 8, 1932 in a poor peasant family in Yunzhou West Village, Wenshui County, Shanxi Province. Her father, Liu Jingqian , is an honest peasant who only knows to bury his head in the soil, but the family is still very difficult.
Due to long-term fatigue, Liu Hulan's biological mother Wang Bianqing contracted tuberculosis when Liu Hulan was 5 years old and died, leaving Liu Hulan and his two-year-old sister Liu Ailan.
In 1940, after introduction, Liu Jingqian married Hu Wenxiu from South Hujiapu. After Hu Wenxiu married Liu's family, he gave birth to Liu Fanglan, Liu Jiying and Liu Jilie.
Poverty and hardship made Liu Hulan cultivate a hard-working character and a stubborn character since she was a child.
During the Anti-Japanese War, the Communist Party established the Wenshui Special Branch in Wenshui County, Shanxi in 1938, and established the Wenshui County Anti-Japanese Democratic Government. Under the leadership of the party, the people of the county launched a rent reduction and interest rate reduction campaign, and the lives of farmers have been significantly improved.
This autumn, Yunzhou West Village also established the Anti-Japanese Democratic Village Office and established a party group. Many young people in Yunzhou West Village actively moved closer to the party and actively participated in the anti-Japanese flood to promote the Communist Party and the Eighth Route Army. The principle of anti-Japanese and national salvation is to do some work of sending intelligence and collecting rations.
Although Liu Hulan is young,But the Communist Party came, drove away the traitors and bullies, and let her eat her food. This shocked her young heart: it turns out that the revolution can bring so many benefits to the people!
In 1941, the 8-year-old Liu Hulan went to school. This was something she didn't even dare to think about before. On the first day of school, her mother Hu Wenxiu was changing her name from "Liu Fulan" to "Liu Hulan", because "Hu" is the mother's last name, she wanted to tell Liu Hulan this way: Although you are not my own, you are the same. Liu Jingqian and my Hu Wenxiu's child!
Liu Hulan
In school, Liu Hulan not only studied culture, but also learned many revolutionary principles. She especially likes to hear the teacher tell them stories about the Eighth Route Army beating devils. Every time the teacher talked about this kind of story, she would imagine in her heart that if she could beat devils like adults, how good it would be!
In 1942, Liu Hulan joined the children's group and became the head of the children's group in Yunzhou West Village. Like a small soldier of the Eighth Route Army, she stood guard, guarded, sent out leaflets, checked roads, assisted in monitoring traitor landlords, and did much work within her capacity for the anti-Japanese war.
In May 1946, after graduating from the "Women Cadre Training Course" organized by the Wenshui County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, Liu Hulan served as a women officer in the Fifth District. At that moment, submitted an application to the organization to join the party, and the organization decided to admit Liu Hulan as an alternate member of the Communist Party of China, and when she reached 18 years old, she would become a full party member.
In June 1946, the Kuomintang army aggressively attacked the liberated areas, and the local reactionary armed forces also took the opportunity to counterattack rampantly, and the revolutionary situation was quite sinister. The county party committee decided that Liu Hulan would move with other cadres, but she believed that she was young and difficult to be noticed by the enemy, and asked to stay and persist in the struggle.
In December 1946, after Liu Hulan cooperated with military workers to suppress the reactionary landlord Shi Peihuai, the enemy raided Yunzhou West Village and captured my underground trafficmen Shi Sanhuai, militiamen Shi Liuer and Shi Wuze. It was this Shi Wuze who confessed to the party organization in West Village of Yunzhou, and Liu Hulan fell into the hands of the enemy.
What happened later is familiar to every Chinese. Fifteen-year-old Liu Hulan, facing the enemy's guillotine, was righteous and calmly sacrificed under the enemy's guillotine.
After Liu Hulan died, he was regarded as an official member of the Communist Party of China and a revolutionary martyr. Mao Zedong wrote her inscription "The greatness of life, the glory of death." Her deeds were published in newspapers, and her spirit touched generations of Chinese people. On September 10, 2009, Liu Hulan was named one of the 100 heroes and model figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China.
After Liu Hulan's sacrifice, Liu Jingqian and Hu Wenxiu's biggest wish was to let the other children of Liu's family inherit the will of their sister and complete Liu Hulan's uncompetitive career.
Hu Wenxiu sent Liu Hulan’s younger brothers and sisters to join the army. Before the four siblings joined the army, Hu Wenxiu would take the children to Liu Hulan’s grave and take an oath to remember the revolutionary spirit of her sister and follow her as an example. , Heroically kill the enemy and defend the motherland.
The reason why Liu Hulan can become a hero who regards death as home is inseparable from Hu Wenxiu's words and deeds, in addition to the cultivation of the party. Although Hu Wenxiu is just a stepmother, Liu Hulan grew up under Hu Wenxiu's care.
Born in 1921, Hu Wenxiu was born in Nanhujiapu Village, Wenshui County. She lost her father at the age of 10, and her brother Hu Wenyi and his sister-in-law were infected with opium again. After selling out the limited family properties, she left her two young daughters and ran away. Since then, there has been no news. Hu Wenxiu, a teenager, has to do farm work during the day, stay up all night weaving, and take care of two nieces.
After marrying to Liu’s family,Liu Hulan and Liu Ailan, two children, resisted her at first. Hu Wenxiu decided to use his love to influence the two poor children. Every morning, she personally combed the sisters’ hair, and always put the vegetables in the sisters’ bowls when eating. In winter, she prepared thick padded jackets for the sisters early in the winter. With her true feelings, the two children gradually disappeared. Be wary.
When Liu Hulan was in school, her grandmother didn't want her to study. It was Hu Wenxiu who persuaded her mother-in-law to send Liu Hulan to school. Liu Hulan was very grateful to this stepmother. She returned home from school on the first day and showed Hu Wenxiu the new book she received. She wanted her stepmother to write her name on the book.
Hu Wenxiu wrote "Liu Hulan" with a pen because she believed that this child was raised by Liu Jingqian and herself. Although she was not in her own blood, she devoted herself to it.
Liu Hulan grew rapidly under the guidance of Hu Wenxiu. After joining the children's group, Hu Wenxiu personally made a red tasseled gun for Liu Hulan. Liu Hulan was excited for several days. Since then, she has her own weapon when she is standing guard!
Once, an underground traffic officer handed a document to Liu Hulan and asked her to keep it for a few days. After returning home, Liu Hulan looked left and right, not knowing where it was safe. Hu Wenxiu found a place for Liu Hulan: put the documents in the urn, and then cover them with rice bran and corn cob, so that no matter who it is, they would never think that there will be important documents in this urn!
Liu Hulan was so happy that she was jumping and jumping with her stepmother!
Liu Hulan's performance is getting better and better, Hu Wenxiu is also more and more proud of this daughter.
After Liu Hulan was betrayed by the traitor, she took out a white handkerchief and a box of ten thousand gold oil on her body, gave them to Hu Wenxiu, and said to her stepmother: "Mom, you keep these!" Hu Wenxiu She took it with her hand trembling, feeling extremely sad, and only shouted "Hu Lanzi!"
After Liu Hulan died,Chairman Mao wrote the inscription: "The greatness of life, the glory of death", calling on Communist Party members to learn from her revolutionary spirit of being loyal to the party and the people. Hu Wenxiu is not only sad, but also a lot of pride. He is proud of raising such a great daughter. She is determined to tell everyone about her daughter's deeds and spirit, and promote her daughter's spirit of seeing death as home for the revolution.
In the Guanyin Temple in West Village of Wenzhou, beside the monument of Chairman Mao's inscription, and in front of the tomb of Liu Hulan, Hu Wenxiu received countless visitors. After Liu Hulan's sacrifice, Hu Wenxiu deliberately used the handkerchief Liu Hulan left for her to wrap a piece of loess stained with blood from her daughter and cherished it by her side.
Every time she tells everyone about Liu Hulan’s heroic deeds and Liu Hulan’s childhood, she would take out this bloody loess to educate everyone not to forget the bloody enmity with the Kuomintang reactionaries. Sometimes, Hu Wenxiu had to receive a lot of guests a day, often so tired that he couldn't straighten up his waist.
In 1950, Hu Wenxiu gloriously joined the Communist Party of China. Her enthusiasm for promoting Liu Hulan's spirit is even higher. She often said: "So many people across the country want to know the heroic deeds of Liu Hulan, and the party also needs me to introduce it to everyone. The burden on my shoulders is very heavy, and I can't have any slack."
In September 1951, Hu Wenxiu was selected as the representative of the old district and went to Beijing to attend the National Day ceremony. He was received by Chairman Mao and other party and state leaders, and was honorably elected as the representative of the Fifth National People's Congress.
During the Cultural Revolution, some people said that Liu Hulan was killed because Hu Wenxiu informed the enemy that she was also treated unfairly for a period of time. Later, the organization found out the truth, and she was rehabilitated.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, Hu Wenxiu won the title of National March 8th Red-Banner in 1979 and served as a member of the Standing Committee of Wenshui County People's Congress. In 1984, she came to Beijing and attended the National Advanced Congress of Supporting the Army and Superior Subordinates, Supporting the Government and Loving the People. Two years later, Hu Wenxiu died of illness at the age of 66.
When Liu Hulan died,Her elder sister Liu Ailan is only twelve years old. After witnessing her sister being brutally killed by the enemy with a guillotine at the scene, Liu Ailan was so scared that she hugged Hu Wenxiu's waist, cried hoarsely, and fainted to the ground. For a long time after that, Liu Ailan was in a trance, because her relationship with her sister was too deep.
In 1948, the Eighth Route Army Combat Drama Club in the base area adapted Liu Hulan's heroic deeds into the opera "Liu Hulan" and performed it in various villages.
Because Liu Ailan and Liu Hulan are the same female compatriots, both of them are very similar in appearance, demeanor and demeanor. After approval by their superiors, the Fighting Drama Club recruited Liu Ailan into the army and played her in the opera "Liu Hulan" My own sister.
Every time she performs, Liu Ailan thinks of her sister, of her fearless eyes before her death, of her scolding her enemies, of her childhood with her, of her saucy and heroic attitude. Whenever thinking of this, Liu Ailan burst into tears and acted very enthusiastically, as if her sister was not dead yet, she was standing on the stage and saying hello to the folks.
Although Liu Ailan acted Liu Hulan, the opera "Liu Hulan" also achieved great success. But this kind of selfless devotion also makes her spirit stimulated every time she performs.
The death of Liu Hulan left Liu Ailan's young heart with an intractable wound and affected her life. After the organization later found that Liu Ailan was no longer suitable for performances, she was assigned to study at Shanxi University Attached High School , and arranged a job for her. Due to physical and mental reasons, Liu Ailan joined the Bureau of Agriculture when she was less than 50 years old. Retired and led an ordinary life.
Liu Hulan’s second sister, Liu Fanglan, is the most accomplished brother and sister.Liu Fanglan was only 6 months old when Liu Hulan sacrificed her life. Although she didn't have any intuitive impression of her sister, she inherited her sister's spirit.
After growing up, Liu Fanglan served as the first squad leader of the "Liu Hulan Militia Squad" in West Village of Yunzhou. On National Day in 1966, Liu Fanglan, as a representative of Shanxi Province, walked into Zhongnanhai with Guo Fenglian from Dazhai and was cordially received by Premier Zhou.
In 1968, Liu Fanglan was admitted to the Military Medical University and became a military doctor after graduation. Her lover's name was Shi Peilin, the son of the martyr Shi Sanhuai who died with Liu Hulan, so her family is a veritable "Martyr's Home".
Shi Peilin has been working in the army. He served as the political commissar of the Yangquan detachment of the Armed Police, and later retired as deputy director of the Yangquan Public Security Bureau; Liu Fanglan worked in the Hospital of the Armed Police Corps of Shanxi Province for decades and enjoyed a teacher-level cadre before retiring. treatment.
Liu Hulan's eldest brother Liu Jiying joined the army in 1968. After serving in Handan, Hebei for two years, he was sent by the army to study in the Department of Electronics of Peking University. After graduating from university, he was assigned to a military scientific research unit in Shaanxi to engage in management work.
In the 1980s, Liu Jiying transferred back to Shanxi and now works in the political and legal system of Shanxi Province. His lover Wang Xiuzhen is also a native of Yunzhou West Village. He once served as the deputy monitor of the "Liu Hulan Militia Class" and graduated from Shanxi Agricultural University ,Now Taiyuan University of Technology works.
Liu Hulan’s youngest brother, Liu Jilie, was not born when Liu Hulan died. As the youngest child in the family, Hu Wenxiu loved him the most.
In the winter of 1976, when Hu Wenxiu sent Liu Jilie to the barracks, he deliberately took a small piece from the bag of soil stained with Liu Hulan’s blood and sewed it into Liu Jilie’s underwear pocket, hoping that Liu Jilie would inherit it. Liu Hulan's legacy has made more contributions to the country.
Liu Jilie served in the army for 15 years and returned home in 1985. At that time, Hu Wenxiu was in poor health and needed some care, and Liu Jilie also wanted to return to his hometown to dedicate his youth to the folks in the homeland where his sister sacrificed.
Liu Jilie soon became a "caring cadre" in the eyes of the villagers after he transferred to Wenshui County Public Security Bureau. When the people encountered difficulties, he took the trouble to help solve them. He said that he was Liu Hulan's younger brother and could not shame his sister.
An old man in Wenshui County became a "black household" who was unable to go to the household due to the loss of his household registration book and certification materials. Although he found the Public Security Bureau many times, the police could not solve it.
is Liu Jilie running around, several times to Taiyuan and Yuci and other places, contacting insiders, and with the local assistance, reissued the necessary certificates for the elderly, and sent a brand-new account book within a few days In the old man's home, he has solved many years of difficulties for the old man.
The martyrs should smile and be relieved when they look back. Qingqi has his own descendants. Since the establishment of the "Liu Hulan Militia Squad" in 1964, Liu Fanglan has served as the first squad leader. Today, the baton of this militia squad leader has been passed on to 19 positions. Now, the members of the "Liu Hulan Militia Squad" are all "post-95" girls.
Every Ching Ming Festival, Liu Hulan's sacrifice day, and the day of the founding of the militia squad, they will go to the Liu Hulan Memorial Hall to sacrifice and carry forward the spirit of Liu Hulan. And this time,As long as they have time, Liu Fanglan, Liu Jiying and Liu Jilie will come back to participate together.
Whenever at this time, Liu Fanglan always said to these "post-95" girls: "Liu Hulan was so young when she sacrificed, but she was so brave and a real heroine. I hope that the'Liu Hulan Militia' can Carry forward the spirit of Liu Hulan and strive to be Liu Hulan's successor."
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