In 1947, the War of Liberation entered the counter-offensive stage. On March 8, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on Launching Peasants' Armed Struggle in the Chiang Kai-shek District", fully deploying armed struggle in the Kuomintang-ruled area. work. After receiving instructions from the Central Committee, the Yunnan Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China deployed and launched a large-scale armed struggle across the province.
This armed struggle
established the people’s armed forces led by the party _strongspan_strongspan_strongs11_span_strongspan_strongs10
's instructions on launching peasants' armed struggle in the Jiang district I got the telegram from the 27th). Your policy for the last meeting and this call was quite correct. At present, the rear of Chiang’s administrative district is very empty. Many provinces have only security regiments and no regular troops, especially the southeastern provinces. Jiang Ru continues to be defeated at the front line, and some local security groups will also be drawn to the front line. The more bankrupt the financial economy, the more difficult the people's life will be. The mood and demands of the mass struggle in urban and rural areas will continue to increase.The military and civilians in the Liberated Areas are determined to continue to eliminate Chiang Kai-shek’s active forces in this year’s offensive. If calculated according to the ratio of the 65 brigades of the Chiang Kai-shek army that have been eliminated in the past eight months, the situation in which Chiang Kai-shek’s forces will be changed this year is roughly certain. Therefore, the objective conditions and time for launching and organizing the armed struggle of the peasant masses in the Jiang area are completely possessed. In the development of armed struggle, individual losses and partial setbacks are not completely avoidable, but as long as you call, contact the masses with great care, rely on the masses, mobilize the masses boldly and carefully, and lead courageously and cautiously. Struggle, I believe you will establish and organize armed forces and rural guerrilla bases in the mass struggle and gradually win victory.
Our general policy is to abolish the dictatorship of big landlords and big assets from the coordinated development and victory of the Patriotic War of Self-Defense in the Liberated Area and the People's Democratic Patriotic Movement in the Chiang District. However, this road of struggle may have to go through some twists and turns, and there may also be some gaps and pauses. Therefore, your struggle slogan is not too busy to immediately reveal the next goal. Instead, you should think more about the slogan of the people's struggle for survival in order to facilitate the initiation, deepening and continuation of the mass struggle. In terms of the form of struggle and organization, you can also establish a mass foundation based on the form of legal struggle, and start armed struggle from areas where the enemy's strength is weaker, so as to seek existence and development, especially in terms of organization. Stimulate the enemy, and easily lead to premature and excessive blows. Fortunately, there is time. You should work out a plan for organizing and launching peasants' armed struggle this year based on the party's policy and past experience, and urge its implementation.
The central government's instructions on the current situation and tasks on February 1 (Chou Dong), I hope Liu Jiaozeng will read it carefully and go back to convey it verbally.
Comrade Zeng returned from Shanghai. Wang is very vigilant. The radio wavelength call sign has been reported to the Third Bureau for further notice.
Central
Note: ①Liu: refers to Liu Xiao,Secretary of the Shanghai Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China; Zeng: Refers to Zeng Jingbing, then secretary of the Party Committee of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi (later changed to Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee).
"A People's Army" was born in the flames of war
In December 1947, it was decided to launch a large-scale guerrilla war against Yunnan. Hidden in Myanmar, Zhu Jiabi and Zhang Zizhai returned to lead the armed struggle in Guishan and Xishan. In March 1948, Zhu Jiabi organized his troops into "a people's army" at Maitreya Xishan. This was the first main force of the Yunnan People's Armed Forces under the leadership of the Yunnan Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China. The gun made an important contribution to the liberation of Yunnan.
Unite the masses to launch an armed struggle
7span is a mixed ethnic group of the Yi and Jibai Mountains, where most of them are the Mianju and Jibaishan ethnic groups. , Sani’s poor peasants. Due to long-term oppression, exploitation and ethnic discrimination, the people of Guishan and Xishan have a deep hatred and a strong spirit of resistance towards the Kuomintang reactionaries.
Beginning in 1940, the Yunnan Organization of the Communist Party of China secretly carried out preparations for armed struggle in this area, established active bases, and sought the leader of the Yi Axi people. After years of preparation, the number and equipment of underground armed forces in Xishan, Dongshan, Wushan, Guishan and other areas in Mile County (now Mile City) and Lunan County (now Shilin County) have been developing and increasing.An armed guerrilla unit has been established to carry out an armed uprising here, and there is a good mass basis for armed struggle.
In addition, Guishan and Xishan have dangerous terrain, which can be attacked, retreated and defended. It is not far from the provincial capital Kunming. It has an important strategic position. It is also very advantageous to carry out guerrilla warfare here and realize the encirclement of the city from the countryside. .
On February 29, 1948, under the support of the Maitreya Party organization, Zhu Jiabi and Zhang Zizhai, who secretly returned to China to launch an armed uprising from Myanmar, led a team to the village of Lek, Maitreya. Zhu Jiabi and Zhang Zizhai brought together more than 200 peasant armed forces organized by the Maitreya Party organization and armed forces brought from southern Yunnan into three squadrons and one political work team. They focused on the emergency situation and carried out pre-war mobilization. And military and political training.
The gradual formation of the Yunnan guerrillas has caused serious anxiety among the Kuomintang government. The training lasted only three or four days, and the Kuomintang tried to put out the revolutionary flames that had just burned. Zhu Jiabi unified the command of this new guerrilla force, with the support of the Xishan people, fought flexibly and blocked the enemy in three ways. The guerrillas sacrificed 3 people and wounded 11 people. They thwarted the enemy's attempt to eliminate the guerrillas and inspired the people's fighting spirit. The guerrillas grew to more than 300 people, and the Guishan and Xishan uprisings were successful.
ushered in the dawn of Yunnan liberation Annihilate the guerrillas in the Xishan and Guishan areas.Following the instructions of the Yunnan Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, in early March 1948, the guerrillas active in Xishan of Mile County broke through the enemy’s encirclement and passed through Guishan in Lunan County to Longhaishan area in Luliang County and Anai in Shizong County. The area, Banqiao and Zhongshan townships in Luoping County were moved and marched, and troops were assembled along the way. By mid-March, the army had grown to three brigades with more than 400 people, temporarily called "a people's army."
"A People’s Army" sculpture (photo by Ming Xiongzhong)
2p 165 pbr0sp
2p 165 The goal of "forming a fist and attacking the Kuomintang army" proposed by the Yunnan Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China.
In the early morning of May 11, 1948, the troops suddenly launched an offensive and captured Shizong County in a situation where the enemy is strong and we are weak. Shizong County was the first county seat liberated by the People's Armed Forces. This victory inspired the masses of all ethnic groups in southeastern Yunnan, improved the morale of the troops, and greatly deterred the enemy. "A people's army" has grown stronger in the flames of war.
On July 1, the army held a military-civilian party in Lida, Funing County to celebrate the 27th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. At the same time, it announced that "a people's army" and the troops developed in southeastern Yunnan would be unified "Yunnan people asked for the first column of Jiang’s Self-Salvation Army", and later incorporated into the Chinese People’s Liberation Army’s Column of the Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou Borders and the Column of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army on the Border of Yunnan, Guizhou and Guizhou, ushering in the dawn of the liberation of Yunnan.
(The author is the CPC Yunnan Provincial Committee Party History Research Center Chen Zuying)
Source: Yunling pioneer
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