When Khrushchev was in office, the Sino-Soviet exchanges lasted until Brezhnev. Not only did the Sino-Soviet relations not eased, but the Sino-Soviet border conflict broke out, which is the self-defense counterattack on Zhenbao Island.
As Sino-U.S. relations improved, Sino-Soviet relations also turned for the better, The biggest turning point was in 1982, Brezhnev to Uzbekistan participated in the celebration, where he had a speech, yes The Sino-Soviet relationship has a new definition.
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Brezhnev’s speech in Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, was a "3.24" speech, and Comrade Xiaoping responded quickly. Because from the speech, although the Soviet Union still criticized China, it has already released goodwill. On April 16, the leader of Romania Ceausescu visited China, and Comrade Xiaoping sent a message to Brezhnev through him.
On August 10, 1982, China secretly sent diplomats to the Soviet Union to pass on information. After that, the Vice Foreign Ministers of China and the Soviet Union held talks, which laid the foundation for the "thawing" of Sino-Soviet relations.
On November 10, 1982, Brezhnev died suddenly of illness. After receiving the news, the Chinese Embassy in the Soviet Union learned of the news through Soviet TV. It came too suddenly. A few days ago, Brezhnev participated in the military parade and even stood in front of Lenin’s tomb for two and a half hours. I also participated in a large-scale National Day executive meeting. Foreign envoys lined up to toast Brezhnev. Why are they dead now?
According to the Soviets, on the day the Soviet Union organized the commemorative event, Moscow was about 16 degrees below zero. Brezhnev was originally physically ill, and he was 76 years old, and his cardiopulmonary function was weakened. This freeze caused problems. So he died within a few days.
After learning the news of Brezhnev’s death, our ambassador to the Soviet Union quickly reported to the country,At this time, the country also got news through the Soviet media.
At that time, the embassy staff believed that they could take this opportunity to participate in Brezhnev’s funeral and conduct "funeral diplomacy", which can further consolidate China’s response to Brezhnev’s "3.24" last time. "The speech results.
Soon the embassy in the Soviet Union received domestic news. There were three main countermeasures: First, Foreign Minister Huang Hua went to Moscow as a special envoy for China to participate in condolences activities. Second, Ulanhu, vice chairman of the National People's Congress, was sent to the Soviet embassy in China to express condolences. The third is to send a message of condolences in the name of the National People's Congress.
It is said that the above three measures are all decisions of Comrade Xiaoping. From the point of view of the rapid response, it is enough to see the brilliance of the great man, and the Soviet Union has also received a positive response from China. For the Soviet Union, they did not expect and did not expect it.
The people at the Chinese Embassy in the Soviet Union were also very excited about Comrade Xiaoping's decision. This is the first time China has treated the Soviet Union in a non-celebrative manner in the past 20 years. It is also the first time that a Chinese leader has entered the Soviet Union in China in the past 20 years. embassy.
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After Xiaopingtong quickly made three decisions to deal with Brezhnev’s death, relevant departments immediately started work, including those who went to the Soviet Union, and reported the time of Special Envoy Huang Hua’s visit to Moscow in the news. Moreover, the written speech of Foreign Minister Huang Hua was also disclosed in advance.
And this speech was also drafted by Hu Qiaomu under the instruction of Xiaoping. In this talk, Brezhnev spoke highly of Brezhnev and praised Brezhnev for "improving Sino-Soviet relations in his speeches" many times during his lifetime. These are all deliberate releases. The improvement of Sino-Soviet relations is not sudden, but has been foreshadowed before.
From this speech, Comrade Xiaoping also released a signal of Sino-Soviet friendship to the new Soviet leader, and the successor leader Andropov is Brezhnev’s.
Diplomacy requires both strategy and understanding of intentions. In this conversation, it was pointed out that Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated to a serious degree in the mid-1960s. In fact, is to let the outside world know that Brezhnev should take responsibility for the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations.
It is said that this is what Xiaoping meant. He asked not only to praise Brezhnev, but also to criticize him. The last sentence is a word of hope, addressed to the Soviet Politburo headed by Andropov. This is China's re-recognition. Because in the 1960s, when China and the Soviet Union had a bad relationship, the two countries criticized each other through the media, and a batch of 20 years.
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Practice has proved that according to Comrade Xiaoping’s deployment, China’s funeral diplomacy has been very successful and it has re-established contacts with the Soviet Union. After that, Andropov and Chernenko also died one after another. China once again launched "funeral diplomacy" and further deepened relations with the Soviet Union.
Although funeral diplomacy is a method, under the circumstances at the time, China and the Soviet Union would not quickly restore relations without "funeral diplomacy." Although Brezhnev's late criticism of China is not as good as before, it also shows that the Soviet Union is also adjusting its strategy of relations with China. However, as a world power, the Soviet Union will not reveal their initiative. China also needs to cooperate with him. This requires leaders to have the ability to recognize the world situation. Xiaoping has this superb ability to recognize and respond, and eventually the normalization of Sino-Soviet relations will be ushered in.
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