The late Qing Dynasty is in the impression of many people as a government that is corrupt, incompetent, the people are struggling, and only knows how to cede land and pay indemnities. But the late Qing Dynasty also left a lot of valuable wealth to China, many of which have continued to the present, and made a lot of contributions to the entire establishment of China!
The Great Qing Territory
The establishment of an educational system such as at Tsinghua University
Many people know that the indemnity treaty "Gengzi Treaty" signed by the late Qing government is also the famous Xin Chou Treaty in history, the late Qing government Yu Guangxu twenty Seventh year ( Xin Chou year ) July 125th, that is, September 7, 1901 AD to the eleven countries of Britain, the United States, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Austria, Belgium, Spain, and the Netherlands, indemnity 4.5 billion taels of silver. This is the famous Xin Chou treaty that humiliates the country.
The Xin-Chou Treaty was signed
But what most do not know is that the later Gengzi refunded, because the excessive compensation amount made China not so much silver compensation at that time, so in 1908, after several years of communication and negotiation, the final The US promised to use nearly half of the Gengzi compensation (about 11.6 million US dollars) as funding for Chinese students to study in the United States. It has to be mentioned here that the number of Chinese studying in the United States at that time was far less than the number of studying in Europe and Japan. At that time, a part was used for the establishment of Tsinghua University, so part of the indemnity of the Qing Dynasty promoted the establishment of Tsinghua University. Of course, it is also the result of the Chinese people's efforts to negotiate and negotiate!
Tsinghua University
Of course there is a major political factor: The US government hopes to take measures by attracting Chinese students to create a group of new leaders who will dominate China intellectually and spiritually for the United States.Using these indemnities, China has cultivated a large number of cultural talents such as: Hu Shi , Zhao Yuanren , Zhu Kezhen and others!
And in Shanxi British missionary Li Timothy actively planned to use part of Gengzi's indemnity to establish Shanxi University . That is, part of the refund from the United Kingdom also followed the example of the United States and established Shanxi University.
Since 24 years, due to the collapse of the Qing government and other reasons, Britain, France, Belgium , Italian , Netherlands and other countries have successively refunded money, but they all specified the purpose of payment. The US, France, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, the UK, and Russia returned the total amount of "surplus" to China, which was about 300 million taels of customs silver, which was quite effective for the establishment of education. Although the indemnity of the Qing government made the people miserable, it also played a certain role in the creation and promotion of a modern education system!
Promotion of China's military industry and shipbuilding enterprises
In the late Qing Dynasty, the famous westernization movement was born, among which a series of enterprises had a lot of influence on later China, and also laid a certain foundation. Among them, Jiangnan General Administration of Manufacturing
Jiangnan General Administration of Manufacturing—the predecessor of Jiangnan Shipyard
Jiangnan General Administration of Manufacturing was founded by Li Hongzhang, an important minister in the late Qing Dynasty. It has successively built more than a dozen branch factories and employs 2,800 engineers. It can manufacture guns, ammunition, ships, and machines. It also has cultural and educational institutions such as translation halls and Cantonese dialect halls. It is also the largest arsenal in modern China, and it also provides a certain foundation for the development of arms weapons in modern my country.
It produced China's first steamboat , and became China's first batch of steel. Now only Jiangnan Shipyard has continued to this day.
But now Jiangnan Shipyard has mature technology and advanced equipment. It has played an indispensable role in the shipbuilding and naval construction of the motherland: some of China's most advanced warships are from Jiangnan Shipyard, and the equipment they manufacture is an important part of the modernization of the Chinese Navy. Some of the latest and most advanced ships being built by the Chinese navy, including some 055 guided missile destroyers - one of the largest and most advanced warships in asia!
The pioneer of China's modern economic development - China Merchants Group
China Merchants Group, also known as Steamship China Merchants Group , is the first large-scale investment enterprise in modern China. Created a precedent for large-scale investment by Chinese state-owned enterprises!
Invested in the earliest large-scale coal mining enterprise in modern China-Kaiping Mining Bureau
Invested in the first modern China bonded warehouse
Invested in the establishment of the first bank in modern China-Commercial Bank of China.
invested in the establishment of Nanyang Public School
set up the first telephone line in China, opened the first insurance company in China, and the first acquisition of a foreign-funded enterprise by a Chinese national industrial and commercial enterprise. After many historical precedents and 's first
Steamship China Merchants Headquarters Building
, after historical replacement, the Steamship China Merchants Bureau has been preserved intact, and now it has developed into a comprehensive transportation, featured finance, and comprehensive development and operation of cities and parks. Core industries, three platforms of industrial operation, financial services, investment and capital operation.
Its establishment opened a precedent for China's state-owned economic enterprises, and provided valuable experience, technology and financial support for the country to establish large central and state-owned enterprises.At present, there are many well-known enterprises under the company, such as: China Merchants Bank , China Communications Import and Export
Corporation, CIMC Group, Shanghai Port Group, China National Offshore Oil Corporation and a large number of outstanding enterprises in the industry!
China Merchants Bank
The corruption, incompetence, accumulation of abuses, and misery of the people in the late Qing Dynasty have indeed brought many hardships to the Chinese nation, but it cannot be denied that its efforts for the future of the motherland have also contributed to the current education, military industry, and economic development. , The infrastructure has played a certain role in promoting and learning from!
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