Introduction
In the 21st year of entering the 21st century, our party finally ushered in the 100th anniversary celebration. For the continuation of the Communist Party of China, countless people with lofty ideals have succeeded.
Of course, in such a high-pressure environment, many traitors have also appeared in the party, which once brought great trauma to our party, and the most serious injury was the separatist activities of Zhang Guotao .
As an old man who existed during the party's founding period, Zhang Guotao did not choose to stay the course at a critical juncture in our party. Instead, he wanted to split out and build another hill. What purpose does he want to achieve? After Chairman Mao passed away, he was already in Canada. Why did his evaluation make people feel embarrassed? What is the relationship between the grievances and grievances?
This hero and traitor combined into one character- Zhang Guotao.
- Little ambition, Zhang Guotao has a great responsibility
In 1976, it was a heavy year for the loss of the great leader of Mao Zedong. This great man who must be strong throughout his life, never admit defeat, and brought the Chinese nation out of suffering, has left us forever. Soon, a reporter from the "London Daily" made a special trip to Canada, and the subject of his interview on this trip was Zhang Guotao.
This person who once caused great harm to the party is now in his dying year. He has become slurred because of a stroke. Speaking of Mao Zedong's death, Zhang Guotao was full of emotion for a while and said: Our time has passed.When the reporter asked him how he evaluated Mao Zedong, what he said made people feel helpless.
Who is Zhang Guotao? What did he say? Why do reporters care about his views, and why is it difficult to return to his homeland because he lives in Canada? All of this must start from the beginning.
The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 Soon after the end of the Sino-Japanese War, Zhang Guotao was born in Shanming Village, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. Although he was born in troubled times, Zhang Guotao had good luck. Shanming Village is located in a remote area and in a mountainous area. However, the local mining and papermaking industries are well-developed, and there are many trade contacts. Coupled with the accumulation of Zhang Guotao's ancestors, the Zhang family has become a very famous family in the local area.
The superior family environment allows Zhang Guotao to get in touch with culture and learn knowledge. According to Zhang Guotao's recollection, his family were all scholars for six generations. They had two talents and they could live a prosperous life by collecting land rent.
Therefore, unlike most of the children in China at that time, he had a carefree childhood, but the life of a big family inevitably got some ideas of fighting for power and getting ahead.
And his personality is also very clear, smart and motivated but proud, active but prone to extremes, and these also created his later rough life.
During this period, various old and new trends of thought in China emerged in an endless stream, and Zhang Guotao was also deeply influenced, and he first accepted the Three People's Principles . Zhang Guotao wrote in his memoirs: I am an outspoken young man, often arguing with others because of Mr. Sun Yat-sen's ideas.
is also due to the fierce speech,He was expelled from school and had to go to Nanchang to study, but he also knocked on the door of modern knowledge.
Since he is a fan of the Three People's Principles, why did he become one of the founders of the party? It turned out that things should start from Peking University. In 1916, and Zhang Guotao were successfully admitted to Peking University. Soon, Cai Yuanpei entered Peking University and embarked on a series of reforms. Then Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao entered Peking University successively, bringing " new youth" with enlightenment. ", Zhang Guotao also started to get in touch with Marxism at this time.
At that time, a series of traitorous behaviors of the Beiyang government completely angered the people. The patriotic students of Peking University created some magazines to promote patriotic ideas. Zhang Guotao worked in the "National" magazine, and therefore had contact with Li Dazhao.
Despite some hesitation and confusion, Zhang Guotao is undoubtedly a radical. He has already lost patience with mild reforms, which also laid the groundwork for many things in the future.
In July 1921, in a small attic in Shanghai, a young man stood up. He glanced around and solemnly announced that the founding conference of the Communist Party of China had officially begun.
This young man was Zhang Guotao, the representative of Beijing, and the chairman of the conference at the time. He was only 24 years old at the time.
Not only that, Zhang Guotao was still the host of the conference at the time, and needed to record and summarize the entire conference process, but he accomplished the task very well, and therefore came to the core position of the Communist Party.
2. Great contribution,But it is difficult to distinguish the true from the false
Soon, because of the arrest of Chen Duxiu, Zhang Guotao left an unsolved mystery. After the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Chen Duxiu resigned from the Guangdong government and returned to Shanghai to engage in party work with peace of mind.
By his side, only Zhang Guotao and Li Da. At a critical moment of the propaganda work, the Shanghai patrol room suddenly mobilized to arrest Chen Duxiu, and searched out "New Youth" and other magazines, as well as some internal party publications.
Suddenly, all parties shook and tried to rescue Chen Duxiu. Even Mr. Sun Yat-sen went to the telegram. Fortunately, he finally paid a 100 yuan fine and burned the books.
However, this matter is still unclear. Who has leaked the whereabouts of Mr. Chen Duxiu? An arrested Bao Huiseng had his own views on this matter, and he pointed the finger at Zhang Guotao.
During Chen Duxiu's trial, Zhang Guotao issued a manifesto in the name of the Communist Party, which was tantamount to exposing Chen Duxiu's identity. He asked Zhang Guotao why he wanted to do this, and Zhang Guotao replied disapprovingly: This is a kind of political propaganda and it is very necessary.
Bao Huiseng thinks that Zhang Guotao respects Chen Duxiu on the surface, but he has another idea in his heart. Zhang Guotao's intention is to take care of the party's affairs and let Chen Duxiu be a secretary in prison.
Regarding Bao Huiseng's opinion, we cannot judge whether it is right or wrong, and it is difficult for us to know the truth.
However, as far as the distribution of flyers is concerned, we really cannot think that he is framed Chen Duxiu. Apart from this, Zhang Guotao did make outstanding contributions in the early activities of the party.
For example, after the failure of the National Revolution , our party was brutally suppressed by the Chiang Kai-shek ,At that time, many members of the CCP did not have a clear understanding of this, thinking that Chiang Kai-shek's actions in Shanghai would be overthrown by the masses, but Zhang Guotao refuted their views and warned them to recognize the reality.
He expressed strong dissatisfaction with Chen Duxiu’s right-leaning. Later, the party decided to stop Chen Duxiu’s position and set up a five-member group headed by Zhang Guotao. In this crisis, their duty is to lead the Communist Party to move forward. , Find a way out.
Soon, they drafted a manifesto. It was this manifesto that completely demarcated the boundary with the Kuomintang and broke the communists’ illusions about the Chiang Kai-shek government.
and later " ", saved the Chinese Communist Party, Zhang Guotao contributed a lot. That being the case, why did he, who is so enthusiastic about the cause of the party, split our party? What is the final outcome?
3. Unrepentant, Zhang Guotao went on a dead end
The Red Army was forced to a long march because of the "anti-encirclement and suppression" failure. However, the Long March teams traveled in batches, with different routes.
The Party Central Committee decided in 1935 to let the Left Army march northward to Aba .
It was Zhang Guotao and Zhu De who led the left army. There were not many opportunities for the two to cooperate alone. Zhu De once said: I have also heard that Zhang Guotao is an opportunist, but I don't know to what extent. Later, Zhang Guotao's leadership aroused his strong dissatisfaction. He directly said: Zhang Guotao's party, government, and military are all concentrated in the hands of one person and become a dictator.
original,In the long-term leadership work, his character gradually exposed, he wanted to fight for power, but he couldn't be convinced. It was difficult for him to implement the decision of the central government, which caused the evil results of division.
After arriving at Aba, Zhang Guotao was reluctant to go north. At that time, the troops of Hu Zongnan were moving around Minzhou, and there was an attack by Ma Bufang's troops. The situation was critical.
Therefore, the Central Telegraph ordered the Left Army to march eastward and continue northward, but Zhang Guotao refused to go north due to the water's difficulties. Mr. Zhu found him many times to discuss, but Zhang Guotao had only one answer: that won’t work . In order to stop Zhang Guotao's mouth, they tried it specially. The river was indeed deep, but the deepest point was only as high as the horse's belly. If you insist, you can cross the river. At this time, they hadn't thought of the possibility of splitting.
The Party Central Committee has repeatedly ordered to no avail. They understand that Zhang Guotao is about to "showdown" at this time. He mentioned to the party Central Committee's reply: Immediately try to solve the problem of going south. And this represents the beginning of a competition.
The central government immediately convened an emergency meeting. At the meeting, it stated that it would try its best to fight for Zhang Guotao. In any case, the Left Army should not lose it. What they didn't expect was that Zhang Guotao had already taken the lead at this time, accusing him of running away, and even publicly condemning Mr. Zhu, but Mr. Zhu always insisted on the correctness of the journey.
In the end, a group of people headed by Zhang Guotao, etc., set up a central agency. However, without the support of Commander-in-Chief Zhu, the so-called " center" is just a decoration and has no execution power at all.
After the failed attack on Sichuan, Zhang Guotao gave up the so-called southward route and continued northward, but this splitting act,It brought a huge blow to the unity of our party and also broke Zhang Guotao's own back.
Later Zhang Guotao defected, took refuge in Chiang Kai-shek, and followed Chiang Kai-shek to Taiwan, but he was always looked down upon, and even Lao Chiang looked down upon him.
After the founding of New China, he once wanted to return to work in the mainland. Chairman Mao said that he could come back, but he must first confess his sins. Zhang Guotao had to dispel this idea.
Zhang Guotao came to Canada in his later years and lived with his eldest son. Since the eldest son's family is not rich, he and his wife moved into a nursing home.
Soon, due to a stroke, Zhang Guotao paralyzed his right body and was unable to take care of himself. He was dependent on his wife in the nursing home. After Mao Zedong's death, the reporter asked him what he thought of Mao Zedong. He just said: Like me, Mao Zedong is a man of the world, and death is only a matter of time . This can't help but sigh. At the end of his life, he still refuses to admit that he is inferior to the other party.
Haughty but unaware, so many people in ancient and modern times have fallen at this level.
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