Lin Biao has always had a bad temper and has a distinct personality. Although he has a good way of fighting, few people can work with Lin Biao for a long time, but there is one exception, that is Marshal Luo Ronghuan.
Although the relationship between the two was gradually estranged after the founding of the People's Republic of China due to Lin Biao's rising status, Marshal Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao also had disputes over the handling of many things. Lin Biao even said: " What is Lin, Luo! Lin and Luo are going to separate, Lin , Luo has never been together ." But after the death of Marshal Luo Ronghuan, Lin Biao still wrote four words for Luo Rongheng: Good teacher and friend .
Marshal Luo Ronghuan like
What disputes did Lin Biao and Luo Rongheng have, and what achievements were made in their cooperation? In today's article, I will follow the author to feel the brilliance and beliefs of the older generation of revolutionaries.
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The first cooperation between Marshal Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao was the 1932 Battle of Zhangzhou. The main task of the Red First Army at that time was to form the East Road Army together with the Red Fifth Army to annihilate the enemies west of the Ganjiang River.
Chairman Mao acted with the First Red Army. On the way, Chairman Mao persuaded Lin Biao and Nie Rongzhen to change the marching route, no longer going north, but expanding eastward, and then marching to West Fujian, and South Fujian. And in the process of marching to western Fujian, the Battle of Zhangzhou occurred. In this battle, the two cultivated a good tacit understanding and laid the foundation for the two to form a team in the future.
In the same year, in order to improve the ideological and political quality of the Red Army, Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan teamed up with Nie Rongzhen to star in the red drama "Snow on Mount Lu".What's interesting is that Luo Ronghuan did not take the initiative to act on his own, but on the day of the performance, Luo Ronghuan was weak because of malaria and sat on the backstage brazier to make a fire. Lin Biao didn't see him when he came on stage, so he said to the correspondent: " correspondent, go and take Director Luo. Please come! "
Luo Ronghuan was just pushed onto the stage. Seeing Lin Biao smiling on the stage, Luo Ronghuan also continued to act in anger and laughter. Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Nie Rongzhen played the roles of the commander, director of the political department and political commissar of the Red Army, and the officers and soldiers in the audience applauded enthusiastically. In this play, it is possible to see that Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan have established a relatively deep revolutionary emotion.
Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Nie Rongzhen
Afterwards, Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao became long-term partners. Lin Biao himself was not a sociable person, and his personality was relatively withdrawn. Although he could concentrate more energy and time on studying the art of war and military theory, he was not good at cooperating with others. At the same time, he is still a thorn and dares to give opinions, but lacks the spirit of self-criticism. Even if his views are proved wrong, he will still brood in his heart.
After the failure of the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, Zhu De led his people to transfer to Dayu, Jiangxi for reorganization, and at the same time prepared to advance to southern Gansu. On the way, due to the dangerous environment, some members of the army felt pessimistic and pessimistic about the future, and tried to find another way out. Among these people was Lin Biao.
He brought a group of officers who graduated from the Whampoa Military Academy to Chen Yi, explaining that he planned to leave the team and was hindered by Chen Yi. But Lin Biao was shaken for a long time, but he still deserted, and on the day when the troops left Dayu, he and a few others ran towards Meiguan.
While fleeing, Lin Biao discovered that there were armed landlords strictly guarding the gate, interrogating, searching, looting, and killing people with strange whereabouts. Lin Biao felt desperate, and returned to the army that night. Chen Yi criticized him at the time, but still welcomed him back as a company commander.
Although his will was weak at this time, he was only in his twenties at the time, and his education from the Party was not long. It was understandable that he faced such a dangerous situation for the first time. But then Lin Biao felt that his thinking was impure and his qualifications were too shallow because of Zhu De, and he thought that he needed to see if he wanted to be the head of the 28th regiment of the main force of the Fourth Army. Zhu De forged a beam.
The young Lin Biao
Lin Biao often criticized Zhu De insinuously in his letters to Chairman Mao:
"Nowadays, there are a few comrades in the Fourth Army who have a very high desire for leadership and an extreme development of vanity. These comrades are more popular among the masses. Therefore, they use various forms of feudalism to form an invisible union (faction), and they specifically brag and attack other comrades. This phenomenon destroys the unity of the party and is not conducive to the revolution. However, many party members still cannot see it. It is a deplorable phenomenon to correct this wrong phenomenon, and to be deceived by these few comrades who have the desire to lead, (attached) and the opinions of these few comrades who have the desire to lead.”
is Zhu Detong’s soldier The relationship was harmonious, and Lin Biao could also accuse Zhu De of "cooperating with the lower classes".
After the Baisha meeting, Liu Angong pointed directly at Mao Zedong, while Lin Biao attacked Zhu De. There was also a conflict between Zhu De and Mao Zedong on the issue of the Military Commission. Zhu De believed that the Central Committee had instructed the Fourth Red Army to set up a Military Commission, while Mao Zedong believed that the Military Commission was just a name and would be useless. In the end, 36 votes in favor of cancellation and 5 votes against the decision. Temporary Military Commission was abolished. This is the Zhu Mao dispute .
After the Baisha meeting, Mao Zedong wrote "Letter Recovering Lin Biao", and Zhu De also wrote "Letter Replying Comrade Lin Biao Talking About Disputes Among Former Members", respectively expressing his views to Lin Biao.
Mao Zedong and Zhu De
In the Baisha meeting, Lin Biao still insisted on his views on Zhu De, and the meeting put forward a more pertinent criticism to him:
"Comrade Lin, this letter is written to a private person, but the content is about the Party, and it is This is a very serious problem. Comrade Lin is moved by this serious problem and should report it to the party, especially he should not write this letter hastily (according to three hours before the meeting of the former committee), this is wrong. This does not prohibit private individuals The main purpose of writing letters between comrades is to ask comrades not to leave the party to discuss serious issues. This will not only fail to resolve party disputes but aggravate them. The words in Comrade Lin's letter include 'feudal relations', 'invisible unionists', 'Politicians' tactics', 'conspiracies', etc., although some of these phenomena are enough to arouse Comrade Lin's suspicions, but these are not very specific facts, it is too overestimated, and it is wrong to speculate."
Subsequent Gutian The meeting determined that the party should summarize the experience since the founding of the army, resolve disputes, unify ideology and cognition, and elected a new committee of the former enemy of the Fourth Red Army of the Communist Party of China with Mao Zedong as the secretary. In this debate, Lin Biao also had the courage and courage to support the correct proposition, but it also exposed Lin Biao's narrow-minded side.
Shortly after the Gutian meeting, facing the enemy's " will suppress " in the three provinces of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, Lin Biao overestimated the scale of the enemy's "suppression" in the three provinces. He was very pessimistic about the future of the current situation and lacked confidence in establishing revolutionary bases. . So, he wrote a long letter to Mao Zedong, in which he expressed his deep doubts about "how long can the red flag last? ".
In the early 1930s, Mao Zedong sent a long letter of six to seven thousand words to Lin Biao, in which he criticized the pessimistic thinking of Lin Biao and some comrades in the party about the current situation at that time.
Mao Zedong in writing
Mao Zedong hopefully predicted that the revolutionary upsurge was coming: " It is a ship that stands on the coast and looks out into the sea with the tip of its mast, it stands on the top of a mountain and looks east to see the light It is a rising sun that is about to mature in the womb." There is no doubt that Lin Biao's pessimism is short-sighted, and it also implies that he lacks long-term vision and strategic thinking.
It is undeniable that Lin Biao has extremely proud military talent and military strategy, and is a rare general, but he still needs a person who can suppress him in the army in terms of ideology and personality, and this is the most suitable one. The person is undoubtedly Luo Ronghuan.
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Luo Ronghuan started his political career in the revolutionary army when he organized the autumn harvest uprising riot on August 20, 1927 as a representative of the peasant self-defense party and army.
Luo Ronghuan has a strong principle in his work, which is recognized by Comrade Mao Zedong and is also Mao Zedong's high evaluation of him.. On September 29, 1927, when the Autumn Harvest Uprising reached Sanwan, Comrade Mao Zedong saw his principle.
His troops are well disciplined and the relationship between soldiers and officers is harmonious. At the beginning of the establishment of the Red Army, the soldiers made mistakes, and the officers either beat or scolded him. Luo Rongheng didn't care. He loves soldiers like a son, and rarely loses his temper. He usually presents facts and reason to the soldiers, emphasizing that doing a good job in political work is to convince people with reason and convince people. He once said: " uses the method of persuasion and education to make the soldiers listen to your words and consciously turn your words into orders to execute. This is so precious! " While convincing others, set an example, emphasizing that the prestige of political cadres must be obtained by their own exemplary actions and exemplary work.He believes that " should not just use slogans to demand others, which will only make oneself an empty revolutionary, but should use practical actions to influence others." : requires soldiers to do everything, and they must first do .
When fighting, he rushed in the front, and when he retreated, he took cover at the back; when crossing the grass, Luo Ronghuan always went out for a walk when it was mealtime to let others eat more. When the meal was almost over, the soldiers had finished eating. just go back.
If the fighters left him a separate copy, he would get angry and warn that the next time he did this, he would be punished directly. Luo Rongheng issued a "silent order" with exemplary actions. He won the respect of the soldiers and forged a model team.
An important reason why Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao have been able to work together as a team for so long is that he pays great attention to flexibility while focusing on principles. Luo Ronghuan never cares about trivial matters, and insists on principles and never backs down when it comes to major matters.
During the war of liberation, Lin Biao was not active in attacking "Jinzhou", especially after he learned that the enemy's situation had changed, he committed his old habit of being passive and pessimistic.
Lin Biao has always been stubborn. Without discussing with Luo Ronghuan and Chief of Staff Liu Yalou, he sent a special telegram to the central government in the name of the three, expressing his intention to return to the division to attack Changchun.
Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan and Liu Yalou were on the front line
And Luo Rongheng, at this critical moment, combined strength and flexibility, and strengthened Lin Biao's determination to attack Jinzhou in a short period of time. He did not lose his temper because Lin Biao made a report to the Central Military Commission. , but through a friendly tone, through the analysis of pros and cons, Lin Biao gave up the idea of attacking Changchun voluntarily.
Imagine if Luo Ronghuan was only principled but not flexible, and would only have a fierce conflict with Lin Biao, resulting in emotional opposition between the two sides, or if he just had flexibility but no principle and blindly catered to, the history of the Northeast Liberation War could be completely rewritten.
At the same time, Luo Ronghuan knew that the reason why Lin Biao was hesitant about going south to Jinzhou was mainly because he was worried that the supply chain in the rear would be too long.
In order to solve Lin Biao's worries, Luo Rongheng focused on logistical supply and transportation, and required localities at all levels to overcome all difficulties, deepen and mobilize the masses, all for the sake of victory.
This task has been done exceptionally well. According to statistics, before the launch of the Liaoshen campaign, the logistics department and local governments planned and transported 70 million catties of grain, more than 11,000 tons of oil, 100 million rounds of bullets, 150,000 grenades, 200,000 rounds of artillery shells, and nearly one million sets of winter coats. . The number of soldiers and civilians participating in the war reached 1.6 million.
The victory of the Liaoning-Shenzhen campaign was launched by the people with a small cart, and all of this was inseparable from Luo Ronghuan's strong logistical command ability and his ideological policy of attaching great importance to the people's initiative and strong power..
He believes: " must prevent two biases in the implementation of the mass line. One is to let go, deny leadership and let the masses spontaneously flow; the other is the oral mass line, which is actually still a personal line. The correct mass line The line should be the combination of leadership's self-consciousness and the masses' spontaneity. " But we can also glimpse the conflict between Lin Biao's individualistic tendencies and Luo Ronghuan's ideology.
Three
Marshal Luo Ronghuan died on December 6, 1963.Before that, he first served as director of the General Political Department in 1950 while serving as the chief procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate. Although Luo Ronghuan and Lin Biao did not work together at this time, they still dealt with each other from time to time, and their relationship was still quite harmonious.
The turning point in the relationship between the two came after the Lushan Conference in 1959. Marshal Peng Dehuai was criticized because he wrote a letter criticizing the serious "Left" mistakes at that time, which aroused Chairman Mao's dissatisfaction.
Although Luo Ronghuan resigned from the positions of director of the general political department and director of the general cadre in 1956 due to physical reasons, he will still participate in the central military affairs. During the Lushan meeting, Luo Ronghuan asked for leave due to illness and did not attend. Chairman Mao asked Peng Zhen to call him and gave him a detailed report on the meeting. He also said that Chairman Mao planned to let Lin Biao replace Peng Dehuai as defense minister and asked for the opinions of comrades who could not attend. .
Luo Ronghuan did not think too much, considering that the Minister of Defense has a heavy foreign affairs task and Lin Biao is not in good health, it seems that he is not suitable for this position, so He Long is more suitable.
However, Lin Biao had always been deeply appreciated by Chairman Mao, and at this time he had "new merit" for criticizing Peng Dehuai, so this opinion was naturally not adopted by Chairman Mao. The relationship between Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan gradually began to deteriorate.
Chairman Mao and Lin Biao
Shortly thereafter, a new Central Military Commission was formed, with Lin Biao serving as Minister of Defense and presiding over the daily work of the Military Commission. Luo Ronghuan is still a member of the Military Commission, specifically focusing on militia construction. At this time, Lin Biao, who had always been reclusive, became increasingly active. Luo Rongheng is working with him again.
While Lin Biao's previous outstanding military exploits gave him a high status, it also covered up the shortcomings in his character and even continued to develop. And after the founding of New China, the buds of his individualism have sprouted. Luo Ronghuan saw his problem and tried to correct it, but obviously Lin Biao didn't buy it.
In 1960, due to Lin Biao's attack on Tan Zheng, he continued to belittle Tan Zheng, until he was demoted from the director of the Political Department to the Deputy Director of the Political Department. Luo Ronghuan was once again selected by Mao Zedong as the director of the Political Department to return.
And Lin Biao was not satisfied with this. He knew very well that Luo Ronghuan was a person. Luo Ronghuan, who had a strong principle, was not someone that Lin Biao could handle casually. Therefore, despite the central government's order, Lin Biao kept this news from being published in the newspapers.
Until 1963, when Xinhua News Agency wanted to publish the list of PLA leaders, Lin Biao still disagreed. Luo Ronghuan only sighed: " It seems that I, the director of the General Political Department, is still an illegal ."
During this time, Lin and Luo both had different views, whether it was about the local military issue or the issue of understanding with Mao. Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan were constantly at odds on politics and business. In the end, Lin Biao even said: " what is Lin, Luo! Lin and Luo have to be separated, Lin and Luo have never been together! " Still expressing different opinions on Lin Biao's erroneous views, in order to get old friends back on the right track. But unfortunately, Marshal Luo Ronghuan's body did not support the moment he saw Lin Biao's awakening. On December 16, 1963, Marshal Luo Ronghuan's condition deteriorated. Under the protection of the children, the heartbeat stopped.
Facing the news of Comrade Luo Ronghuan's death, Lin Biao's inner feelings may be complicated. On the other hand, Marshal Luo Ronghuan was the most reliable partner in his long war years.
They have experienced countless battles together, big and small. On the battlefield, Lin Biao can safely hand over his back to Luo Ronghuan, and Luo Ronghuan will also solve all his worries for him.. Perhaps in Lin Biao's mind, when the war was raging, they acted in dramas together, had a good time together, spent the night analyzing tactics and tactics together, and imagined the bright future after the founding of the People's Republic together. It is one of the best memories in his heart!
People are gone! No matter how much he thinks, there is nowhere to say, and his thoughts go back and forth. Lin Biao only left four words: " good teachers and good friends ".
