Picture | Chen Yi and Mao Zedong
Chen Yi can be said to be a big fan of Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong's love for poetry fits well with him.
Among the ten founding marshals, Chen Yi was the one who loved poetry the most.
1945, August.
Mao Zedong went to Chongqing to negotiate, and Mao Zedong gave his friend Liu Yazi a song " Patio Spring·Snow " , which instantly caused an uproar in the Chongqing cultural circle. In order to suppress the arrogance, President Jiang specially recruited a group of people from the cultural circle to criticize Mao Zedong's poem.
Chen Yi really can't bear it. He wrote and poems supporting his idol Mao Zedong.
Two new words, Mao sings Liuhe, chanting meaning floating.
wants to be proud of the world, and majestic; poetry is like a sea, and angry waves are surging.
Political free essays, Wen Yu asked about politics, clever sentences with a high eye.
is so enamored, looking back to the sky, unparalleled coquettish.
Qi Lu Duojiao looks at Ji Xuechu Ming Tai Dai waist.
Dancing cranes in the east of Liaoning, cleansing flaws and scumming; Jianghuai catties, laying jade reliefs.
The pond is frozen with silver, the wheat seedlings are green, and the winter is full and the spring is happy.
Qi Huanxi, waiting for the pink and willow green, look to the Ming Dynasty. The story of
helping friends with poetry was also passed on as a good story at that time.
The Chen family where Chen Yi lived was a big family in the feudal dynasty.
His father Chen Changli was deeply baptized by feudal ethics, Chen Changli is a harsh and unsmiling feudal family spokesperson in life.
is such a feudal parent, but among Chen's peers, he is the most knowledgeable and fond of poetry.
Young Chen Yi seems to have inherited certain genes from his father, and he has a talent that is different from ordinary people in reading.
, who has a super memory, is called a "prodigy" by children of the same age.
Picture | Chen Yi's father, Chen Changli,
, August 26, 1901.
Chen Yi was born into a farmer's family in Zhanganjing Village, , , Sichuan , Lezhi County, .
This year, the Eight-Power Allied Forces invaded Beijing.
The lonely and decadent Qing Dynasty reluctantly signed the "Xin Chou Treaty."
What is involved in the "Xin Chou Treaty"?
- The total indemnity price in China is 980 million taels of silver, 450 million silver in compensation, and 530 million silver in interest, which will be paid off in 39 years
- . The Qing government demolished the fortifications along the Tianjin Dagukou to Beijing and allowed various countries to station troops in the important areas along the Beijing-Shanhaiguan railway line:
.
Because your Cixi has rashly declared war with the Eight-Power Allied Forces, we are helpless.
We fought a war and spent a lot of money, and the reason for all this is your Qing Dynasty.
In addition, you have to set up an embassy in Beijing to protect us, and irrelevant personnel cannot enter the embassy without authorization. Z3z
Again, the maritime defense line from Tianjin to Beijing is cancelled. We must send troops to help you garrison the railway defense line from Beijing to Shanhaiguan.
If we look at it from our current perspective, these evil wolves are typical gangsters.
They obviously slapped the face of the Qing Dynasty. In the end, the Qing Dynasty had to apologize for the money, because when his hand hit your face, his hand hurts.
Let’s take a look at those indemnities. Interest accounts for almost half of the indemnities. Who will pay for these indemnities? At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were more than 300 million people, and they chased the 400 million threshold. All indemnities of
were transferred to the local finances, and the local governments were eventually allocated to these 300 million people. The people in the late Qing Dynasty not only had to pay the normal land tax, but also shared the indemnity owed by the government.
Therefore, the people's life was not easy at that time.
ChenYi's luck is that he was born in a relatively well-off middle peasant family.
Let's take a look at the genealogy of the Chen Yi family.
"Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Rong, Chang , Shi, De, Yan, Yuan, Fu, Shou, Mian, Chang "
"Yao Shun Yu", "Shang Tang", " "Z15z Zhou Wenwang , Zhou Wuwang" This order is all outstanding emperors of the previous dynasty, but after the Wu generation, this family seems to have lowered the family's expectations, and the generation is more inclined to struggle and other characters. The concept of
is more embodied in the five-generation family children of " Rong, Chang , , Germany, Yan, Yuan".
Later, the family's expectations were even lower. The youngest generation in the family became "Fu, Shou, Mian, Long" . These characters evolved to just hope that the offspring can live well.
When Chen Yi's ancestors were in the Tang generation, his own field was as high as 800 mu.
This is the pinnacle of the life of the Chen family as farmers.
In the generation of Chen Yi's grandfather, Chen Rongsheng, the fields gradually diluted. Sichuan has been suffering from famines for years, and coupled with the huge indemnities owed by the Qing dynasty. field.
Therefore, as the "world" generation, Chen Yi witnessed the desolation of the family.
Picture | Chen Yi, a young man in his rural hometown
, is naughty and studious.
He often climbed to the trees to dig out bird nests with his friends in the village, and sometimes fell from the trees.
Father always yelled at home whenever he saw Chen Yi's dusty appearance.
Fortunately, Chen Yi has a grandfather who loves him. Grandpa
would always help him out, and he would say amused:
"It doesn't matter when I was a kid, he is a little wild horse in our family!"
is naughty, but Chen Yi's learning ability is no less than that of any peers. .
He is always fascinated by reading, and when he is fascinated, he will spread the flatbread into the inkstone to eat with ink.
Therefore, the grandfather's family put all their hopes of rejuvenating the family on him. When
was 5 years old, Chen Yi entered a private school.
At the age of 7, Chen Yi grandfather Huang Fuqin became the special division of the inspection department in Lichuan County, Hubei.
Huang Fuqin asked Chen Yi and his son to go together and see the world in an instant.
That is an unforgettable memory in Chen Yi's youth.
Special Division of the Inspection Department is a part of the local county government responsible for arresting thieves and maintaining law and order.
Young Chen Yi witnessed too many bitter stories in this county government office. Since
was in the late Qing Dynasty, heavy taxes became a serious burden for the people, so the inspection department where Chen Yi's grandfather worked took on the task of demanding taxes from the local people. Many people have to be beaten mercilessly in the county office because they have no money to pay taxes.
Chen Yi once specifically recalled this time:
"I lived a government life there. At that time,
left an unforgettable impression that he often beat prisoners in the government office, which made me very uncomfortable watching next to me. I am very sympathetic to those who were beaten, and I began to plant the seeds of anger and injustice against the old society in my heart."
1910, spring.
Chen Yi returned to his hometown. From this year, the Chen family also changed the 40 acres of land among the sellers, but left the ancestral house and moved his family to Chengdu.
The chaos and the sale of fields made the Chen family's future life extremely difficult. When the
family just moved to Chengdu, they rented a house to live in, and at the same time rented some land from the local landlord in Chengdu.
Who would have thought that in the autumn of that year, the fields were flooded and there was no harvest. The Chen family was sued to the government by the local landlord with a paper pleading. His grandfather suffered a serious illness and died soon afterwards.
The Chen family, like the Qing Dynasty, began to decline.
In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution broke out and the Qing Dynasty fell. z3The current situation of z
was ups and downs, and the road protection movement and the student movement took place in Chengdu.
This year, Chen Yi cut off his long hair and returned to his hometown with his family.
The life of the Chen family is even more difficult. The whole family relies on a little salary from his father at the Chongqing Salt Bureau.
At that time, his father's monthly salary was only 6 yuan.
In 1916, Chen Yi was successfully admitted to Chengdu Provincial Grade A Industrial School .
is here, his main focus is on dyeing and weaving.
However, he became the famous pen in the school. He quickly emerged as a leader in writing current affairs and making trouble in the school. More importantly, Chen Yi is still a football master.
In this school, Chen Yi’s football is known as the "Five Tigers" because of his excellent football. Chen Yi is the strongest striker among the Five Tigers and he was given the nickname "Chen Forward".
1918, March.
Chen Yi entered Sichuan Preparatory School for Study in France , ready to go to France for a work-study program.
Picture | The old photo of Sichuan Preparatory School in France
was on the "Mailang" cargo ship. Chen Yi had swollen legs due to the long and bumpy journey. When he arrived in France's second largest city Marseille , he was carried on his back before disembarking .
In the second year, Chen Yi took a train from Marseille to Paris, the French capital. The so-called "work-study program" at the time of
, most foreign students were part-time workers, and the meager income from foreign factories was not enough for them to enter school.
Chen Yi was assigned to a factory of Schneider Company, which mainly manufactures automobiles, locomotives, and farming machines. As a low-level handyman in the factory, Chen Yi can see through the warmth of human sentiments. Western capital is far more shameless than Chinese warlords.
He once said:
"I just learned that the European capital world is a source of evil."
However, Chen Yi in the factory is still a diligent child. Only three months after entering the factory, Chen Yi became a technician in the factory.
In the usual boring days, he would chat with his friend Cai Hesen, and Cai Hesen told him about Mao Zedong more than once.
For Mao Zedong, Chen Yi left his name in his heart.
Maybe in the future, they will have intersections.
At that time, Chen Yi's dream was still to be a pen and a writer.
In his spare time, Chen Yi is reading European works. He has seen almost all the works of famous artists such as Balzac , Hugo and Rousseau.
At this time, France just broke free from the nightmare of World War I. After the war, the economy was weak and countless factories were affected. This factory was no exception. The bosses were the first to fire the low-level handymen in the factory.
Chen Yi was worried about his friends studying abroad, but he also heard a more unfortunate news:
Chen's life has been difficult.
Chen Yi heard the news and quickly sent the money he had accumulated back to his hometown, so that they could exchange for a temporary peace of mind.
1921, the beginning of the year.
Chen Yi, a group of foreign students studying in France, is in an extremely difficult situation. On the one hand, France's domestic economy is weak, and factories have begun to lay off on a large scale.
Even if the president Cai Yuanpei went to France to negotiate in person, he still could not solve the unemployment problem of this group of international students. What's even more frightening is that the domestic Wu Zhihui keeps deteriorating the reputation of these people. He speaks fiercely and lashes out at these students:
“has neither the ability to work nor the aspiration to study”.
In short, the country has worked so hard to send you abroad for work-study programs. You first do not work well, second do not study well! The
students in France were in a dilemma, and they began to gather together to protest.
Chen Yi, as the representative of Sichuan students, also took the lead in protest.
In the end, this group of people became more and more uproarious, and the Beiyang government was also afraid that this group of overseas students would cause more trouble and asked the embassy in France to persuade the students to return to China if they failed. The
incident has reached this point, and the aggrieved international students again began to protest in front of the embassy.
go back? What did you say about us? The embassy of
is really unable to do anything, and once again ask the Beiyang government how to solve the problem of foreign students.
At this time, Chen Yi heard a news:
The Beiyang government has dispatched special envoy Zhu Qiqian and finance secretary Wu Dingchang to France to solve the problem, but they have decided to use the construction rights of the Yunnan-Chongqing Railway and the Guangdong-Guangdong Railway in exchange for the whole country. The 50-year stamp duty and contract verification tax were used as collateral, and a huge sum of 300 million francs was borrowed from the French government.
pretended to solve the problem of foreign students, and the betrayal of sovereignty-style humiliating loans aroused the dissatisfaction of foreign students. The
students began to organize a rejection movement again to protest the incompetence of the Beiyang government.
1921, September.
The French police arrested this group of students armed, arrested them all, and detained them in an old military camp.
Picture | Chen Yi who was studying in France
In October, these students were secretly transported to Marseilles, and then sent to the "Portga" mail ship, secretly sent back to China.
Chen Yi's work-study career in France came to an abrupt end.
1922, autumn.
Chen Yi, who returned from studying in France, felt for the first time the misfortune brought to his family by the broken mountains and rivers.
When he returned from a young age, the boy cried.
Chen Yi has only three years of work-study in France, and the Chen family has long been dilapidated.
His second uncle died because of starvation and cold. The uncle, fourth uncle, clan uncle, and mother had sold all the assets of the family to make a living. The whole family was squeezed in the old ancestral hall of Lezhi , and lived a difficult life.
Picture | Old photos of the Chen Clan's ancestral hall
In order to survive, the family rented ten acres of land from the local landlord to maintain their living.
Chen Yi, who returned from studying abroad, was full of the cold and warm in the country, and his neighbors mocked Chen Yi.
What is the use of studying abroad? Isn't it a homecoming home? During the Spring Festival of
, Chen Yi wrote a pair of Spring Festival couplets in his ancestral hall:
sad, sad every year, sad every year;
nothing happens, nothing happens, everything does not happen. The horizontal batch of
is: Spring waits for the coming year.
1923, spring.
Chen Yi, who had been waiting at home for more than half a year, finally couldn't bear the cynicism of his neighbors. He came to Chongqing alone and started looking for work.
Why did Chen Yi just start waiting for work at home?
On the one hand, he just came back and his family situation is not good, he needs to take care of his family; on the other hand, Chen Yi was forcibly brought back from France, which really affected his future.
is just this kind of influence, only in Chen Yi's hometown. Chen Yi, who came to Chongqing from
, quickly emerged and became the chief writer of the local newspaper "Xin Shu".
Chen Yi began to use his pen as a sword to attack Chongqing's warlord leader Yang Sen . Yang Sen became furious and drove him out of Sichuan.
1923, October.
Desperate Chen Yi traveled along Jiangxi, then went north into Beijing.
In the same year, Chen Yi chose to join the Communist Party of China. During the period of Beijing Drifting, Chen Yi first entered Beijing Sino-French University , and then fully obeyed the organizational arrangements and became the secretary of the China-French University Branch of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China. Although at school, Chen Yi often organizes school students to go out to investigate, the political environment in Beijing, and the actual situation in the surrounding rural areas. Chen Yi made detailed records of these situations.
Li Shuhua, president of the University of China and France, angrily accused Chen Yi:
"As a student, where is Chen Yi reading! Reading is a cover, but he is actually engaged in revolution."
The school once posted an announcement to expel Chen Yi from school, but eventually gave up because of the school's strike.
19In 26 years, Chen Yi returned to his hometown of Sichuan for activities. In the second year of
, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly swung his butcher knife on the way to the Northern Expedition, and the Nanchang Uprising broke out.
Picture | Chen Yi (taken in 1924)
Then, this newly established army was besieged by Chiang Kai-shek's army.
Mao Zedong chose to enter Jinggangshan , while Chen Yi and Zhu De broke through the lines of defense and also came to Jinggangshan.
He finally saw Mao Zedong, the gifted man he heard from Cai Hesen before.
After Mao Zedong met Chen Yi, he was also very enthusiastic. He wrote to Chen Yi on the same day:
“I’m sorry to see each other late, and I want to comfort my whole life, and I hope to discuss things together.” The words of
reflected the first time Mao Zedong and Chen Yi were. After meeting, the impressions of each other were very good.
Chen Yi loves literature, so he also likes poetry. Although
's former pen has become a professional soldier, it is precisely because of this change that he meets Mao Zedong, who has also changed from a pen to a soldier, and he has a more favorable impression.
Since then, Chen Yi has almost become a big fan of Mao Zedong's poetry.
Later, President Jiang carried out four more encirclement and suppression operations, and the Red Army in Jinggangshan began separate operations.
Mao Zedong and Chen Yi, two intimate old friends, also began to leave.
Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the Red Army's main force on the westward Long March, while Chen Yi stayed in the south to carry out guerrilla warfare. Z3z
Later, we all knew that these two independent armies had a more familiar name:
---- Eighth Route Army, New Fourth Army .
The army of the Long March became the Eighth Route Army, and the army in the south became the New Fourth Army.
Map | Distribution map of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army
During the National Anti-Japanese War, the two armies fought in the north and the south.
Principal Jiang reproduced the insidious move fourteen years ago, and his carbine suddenly stabbed the New Fourth Army in the south.
's unexpected raid, this powerful army wandering south was hit hard. Z3z
Army Commander Ye Ting was captured, and Deputy Commander Xiang Ying and Chief of Staff Zhou Zikun were killed.
Chen Yi became the acting commander of the New Fourth Army, and later he served successively as commander of the New Fourth Army, commander of the Shandong Military Region, and commander of the East China Field Army.
After the Liberation War ended, Chen Yi, a lifelong soldier, also came to Beijing.
1966, spring. When Chen Yi of
in Beijing heard that Mao Zedong's poems were published, he copied Mao Zedong's 37 poems completely.
Picture | Mao Zedong and Chen Yi
If they are not super idols, they simply don't have the patience to do these things. Chen Yi, a die-hard fan of
, extended his love of Mao Zedong's poems to the next generation.
In his spare time, he will patiently explain Mao Zedong's poems to his children.
In 1970, Chen Yi's physical condition has been worsening every day.
Chen Yi went to the hospital for a checkup because of stomach pain. The doctor informed that it was appendicitis and , and appendicitis surgery was needed.
During the appendicitis operation, the doctor suddenly discovered that Chen Yi had colon cancer , and it had spread to the liver.
1972, January 6.
71-year-old Chen Yi came to the end of his life. Before the death of
, his wife and four children were accompanied by Chen Yi. There was only a short last word in the corner of his mouth:
"Go ahead and defeat the enemy."
Mao Zedong, lying on the bed, heard the news of Chen Yi's death. Later, he got up suddenly, put on pajamas and slippers, and was about to attend Chen Yi's memorial service. The staff around
had no time to prepare. They just hurriedly told Zhou Enlai so that he could arrange everything in advance. The
staff hurriedly grabbed a silver-gray coat and followed Mao Zedong into the car.
in the car,The guard stroked his beard and put on his coat.
After Zhou Enlai received the call from the staff, he immediately got in the car, let people pass Mao Zedong's special car, and quickly arrived at the site of Chen Yi's memorial service and arranged everything in advance.
is also because of this, Mao Zedong suddenly attended the memorial service for Chen Yi this time, and only left a few precious photos.
Picture | Chen Yi's memorial service old photo
On that day, Mao Zedong's side was not in a good condition. He had just had an operation and his swelling had not disappeared.
At Babaoshan Martyrs Cemetery, Mao Zedong slowly walked into the memorial hall. He walked to Chen Yi’s wife, Zhang Qian, and said:
"I also come to mourn Comrade Chen Yi, Comrade Chen Yi is a good comrade."
Zhang Qian helped Mao Zedong slowly. Slowly walked into the venue.
At the memorial hall, Mao Zedong was wearing a silver-gray coat with a black yarn wrapped around his left arm.
Picture | Mao Zedong participated in the memorial service for Chen Yi
Zhou Enlai choked up and read the eulogy:
...
The death of Comrade Chen Yi caused us to lose an old comrade, an old comrade, which is a great loss for our party and our army.
We deeply mourn Comrade Chen Yi. We must learn from Comrade Chen Yi’s revolutionary spirit and turn grief into strength. Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee headed by Chairman Mao, and under the guidance of Chairman Mao’s proletarian revolutionary line, we must be modest and prudent, guard against arrogance and rashness. , To complete new international and domestic combat tasks and strive for new and greater victories.
Comrade Chen Yi rest in peace! After the eulogy ended, Mao Zedong's tears blurred.
The tears that rolled down aggravated the sadness at the scene, and Mao Zedong leaned over and bowed three times.
Picture | Mao Zedong bows to
They are revolutionary comrades and confidantes of poetry.
84 years ago, when Chen Yi was trapped in Meishan, he wrote: What is the meaning of
decapitation today? Entrepreneurship is difficult.
Now go to Quantai Recruitment Department, and slash Yan Luo with a hundred thousand banners.
Nanguo Fengyan has been working for ten years, and this head must be hanging from the country. After the death of
, all the kings worked hard, and good news flew as paper money.
Rebirth and revolution is home, and the bloody wind should endure.
take righteousness into benevolence today, and the world grows free flowers.
In the era of turmoil, China's land has long been riddled with defects and miserable.
The expectations of most people are when the war will end and when they can rebuild their homes.
At that time, a generation of people lit sparks, propped up the national backbone, and lit up the darkest era. Many years later, many people have become a light in the times.
dazzling stars, is where the hero ends!
