In 221 BC, the first emperor of Qin, who was the survivor of the sixth life, swept the six countries of Shandong (Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, Qi), unified China and established a powerful Qin Dynasty. Before and after the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, there was a very important person, he was the prime minister of the Qin Dynasty Li Si .
Li Si (284 BC-208 BC) was a native of Shangcai in Chu State, statesman, writer and calligrapher of Qin Dynasty . Li Si made a huge contribution in the process of Qin's defeat of the six countries to unify China. He not only persuaded Qin Shihuang to attack the Six Kingdoms Chengdiye , but also made plans to divide the six kingdoms and ministers. After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, Li Si advocated the system of prefectures and counties, and participated in the formulation of the laws of the Qin Dynasty by , unifying the system of vehicle tracks, characters, and weights and measures. Li Si also wrote seven chapters of "Cangjie Pian" as a textbook for others to copy.
Li Si
Li Si can be said to be the first founding hero of the State of Qin , and it can be said that he has established a great cause for the generations to come, and Zebei is the next generation. However, Li Si couldn't end well. The life ending was extremely tragic. He was framed by Zhao Gao and . Not only was he cut off, but also the three clans were exterminated, which is embarrassing.
As the prime minister of the Qin Dynasty under one person and over ten thousand people, why did Li Si finally defeat the eunuch Zhao Gao? I think the main reasons are as follows.
Qin Shihuang and Li Si
1. Selfishness is too heavy, putting personal future above the destiny of the empire
Li Si was born in poverty, so he valued power and wealth especially for fear of losing. Sima Qian recorded in the "Historical Records of Li Si Biography" that when Li Si was a small clerk who managed the granary when he was young, he saw rats in the toilet and did not eat cleanly. When he saw people and dogs, he ran away and ate the food in the granary. , Eat well, don't be afraid of being disturbed by people and dogs. From this Li Si realized his own philosophy of life: a person's achievement is mainly determined by the environment.
Li Si
In order to change his destiny, Li Si made a major decision in life. He decided that followed Xunzi, the last Confucian master of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, to follow the "Emperor's Art" , and Han Feizi were classmates. After finishing school, Li Si decided to try his luck in Qin because Qin State values talents. At that time, Han Feizi also offered advice to King Qin in Qin, but he was framed to death by Li Si.
Xunzi
Li Si was finally reused by Qin Shihuang and became the prime minister of Qin Dynasty. During Qin Shihuang's fifth inspection, he suddenly died in the sand dunes. Before his death, Qin Shihuang ordered Fusu to return to Xianyang to do a funeral for himself. The meaning was obviously to let Fusu ascend to the throne.
The people who knew the death of Qin Shihuang were Zhao Gao, Huhai and Li Si. Zhao Gao saw the opportunity and wanted to tamper with his will and Li Huhai, but couldn't do it without Li Si's consent.
Qin Shihuang
Li Si was righteous and strict at first, saying that he did not want to betray Qin Shihuang. But in the end Zhao Gao said that Fu Su ascended the throne, your aspect will be replaced by Meng Tian , and you will not have any good results.
Li Si remembered that he had struggled to become the prime minister of the empire since he was a child, and did not want to lose his power and wealth, so he was forced to tamper with Zhao Gao's edict and set Hu Hai as Qin II. This choice of is a turning point in Li Si's fate.
2. Misjudging the IQ and ideals of Qin II, thinking that whoever is the emperor has his own abilities
Li Si meets the lord Qin Shihuang, his talents and legalism can be fully displayed, and his life value and pursuit can also be realized.
Qin II
Li Si thinks that although Qin II is not as talented as Qin Shihuang, but thinking about helping him rise to the top, as well as his contribution to the Qin Dynasty and his own talents, he should still be able to sit firmly in the position of prime minister. Own power and glory and wealth.
Li Si mistakenly believed that Qin II also advocated legalism, so he still has value to him. If Qin II's IQ is normal and I hope Qin Dynasty is stable, he should still reuse himself. Unexpectedly, Qin II had a problem with IQ, and his personal ideal was to eat, drink and play. He believed that the wise king should take everything in the world to satisfy himself, and that governing the world should be a matter of his subordinates.
Qin II
Li Si even wrote to please Qin III wrote an "On Supervision Book" flattering, suggesting that Qin Ershixing should supervise and have fun, so as to show the emperor's dignity. Z8z Qin II was very happy about this, stepped up the construction of the earth, indulged in sensuality, and the world suffered for this.
But since Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's uprising, the world situation has become increasingly chaotic, and if this continues, the Qin Dynasty will be over. For this reason, Li Si, together with the right prime minister Feng Quji and general Feng Jie, wrote a letter to persuade Qin II to stop building the Afang Palace to avoid public resentment. He did not expect that the three would eventually be sent to prison.
Feng Quji and Feng Jie committed suicide in humiliation. Li Si thinks that he has done a great job, and even thinks that Qin II is a king with normal IQ, so he wrote "A Letter from Prison" to Qin II, using irony to count his seven "crimes", which is actually his own to Qin Dynasty Seven great achievements. imagined that Qin II, like Qin Shihuang or other ancestors of the Qin Kingdom, could receive admonitions and realize his own merits and values, so that the official would be restored to his post. Ironically, this letter was intercepted by Zhao Gao, and it did not reach Qin Ershi at all.
Li Si
Qin II devoted himself to pleasure, and handed over almost all government affairs to Zhao Gao, and Li Si's case was also handed over to Zhao Gao. With such an IQ Qin II, even if Li Si had the greatest credit and eloquence, his fate could only be in the hands of Zhao Gao.
3. Misjudged Zhao Gao and underestimated Zhao Gao's ambitions for power
Zhao Gao
When Li Si was persuaded by Zhao Gao to tamper with Qin Shihuang's will and change Hu Hai as emperor, he only wanted to preserve his power. He thought that Zhao Gaoli Hu Hai was the emperor, but also to keep Zhao Gao's continued favored treatment. After all, Zhao Gao was Hu Hai's teacher.
originally thought that Zhao Gao would not have much conflict of interest with him, after all, his credit and talents were there. But Li Si may be too confident, not only underestimating Zhao Gao's ambition for power, but also underestimating Zhao Gao's insidiousness.
Zhao Gao
Zhao Gao is a master and conspirator playing power. In order to monopolize the power, he suggested that Qin II try not to meet with hundreds of officials as much as possible. This not only increased the mystery, but also reduced the occurrence of things that would affect the emperor's majesty and sacredness due to his young mistakes. Qin Ershi actually thought it was just what I wanted.
Zhao Gao pointed out that the deer was a horse
Li Si was one of the founders of the Qin Dynasty after all, and would never want to see the Qin Dynasty overthrown. But the world is in chaos, and my heart is even more anxious. But Qin Ershi hid in the palace to enjoy himself, he couldn't see him, and he was worried. The
actor Zhao Gao found Li Si and said that he was light-hearted, and it is hard to say that Qin II's nonsense and enjoyment, Li Si is the prime minister, you should persuade Qin II not to patronize and enjoy, or Qin Chao is in danger. Li Si said I can't see the emperor. Zhao Gao said that the emperor is free, and I will let you know. Li Si was grateful for this.
Li Si
Zhao Gao has prepared a good show. When Zhao Gaozhuan picked Qin Ershi to have fun, he asked Li Si to give Qin Ershi's advice. Z8z fell down once, three times in a row, Qin Ershi Longyan was furious.
Qin II was particularly dissatisfied with Li Si's opinion that disturbed his enjoyment. The "Historical Records • Li Si Biography" records that the second generation angrily said: "I often have too much leisure time, and the prime minister does not come. I am private, and the prime minister comes to ask for help. Is the prime minister less me? Let me be solid?"
That is, I usually have a lot of free days. If you don't come, the prime minister, I'm playing right now. The prime minister comes to ask for instructions. Do you think I am young and look down on me?
Qin II
Zhao Gao took the opportunity to say some lines that had been brewing for a long time, and fell into trouble. Zhao Gao told Qin II of Li Si's three counts. First of all, Li Si thinks he has the merit of supporting you, but he has not been crowned king, and he is dissatisfied with you Qin II. Secondly, Li You, the son of Li Si of , has a relationship with Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, and Li Si is afraid of rebellion. In the end, Li Si is very powerful in the DPRK and China. In the palace, you have the final say. When is out of the palace, Li Si has the final say.
Qin II, who lacks thinking ability, instantly felt Li Si's threat to his play, and ordered a thorough investigation of Li Si's rebellion. After learning about , Li Si began to fight back against Zhao Gao , and he wrote to Qin II that Zhao Gao had a lot of ambitions to dominate the government. If he didn't deal with Zhao Gao, the emperor might not be guaranteed.
Zhao Gao
But Qin II not only disagrees with Li Si's letter, but actually showed Li Si's letter to Zhao Gao . This directly led to the conflict between Zhao Gao and Li Si no longer being reconciled.
In the end Li Si was beaten by Zhao Gaoqu and admitted to treason . Li Si, a wise one, was eventually cut to the city by the tribe.
Li Si was killed
4. Misjudgment of the influence of 's son Fusu 's enthronement on his own future
Sima Qian's evaluation of Qin Shihuang's eldest son Fusu in the "Historical Records" is: " Fusu is humane " and " fortitude Wu Yong, believe in people and strive for ". As the son of
Fusu advised Qin Shihuang not to slaughter 460 warlocks, Qin Shihuang was furious and sent him to Shangjun to supervise General Mengtian to build the Great Wall and resist the Xiongnu.
The son of Fusu
If the son of Fusu ascended the throne normally, with Fusu as a person, even if Li Si is not reused, he will not be demoted or demoted to a commoner, and will not end up with the tragic end of the three tribes being cut and wiped out. .
The reason Li Si tried to make Fusu commit suicide was because he was afraid that Fusu would have different political views from his own, and Meng Tian was closely related to Fusu.
But Li Si chose to let Fusu ascend to the throne, and the final outcome is definitely much better than Hu Hai.
Li Si
Li Si was a commoner, through his own hard work and struggle, and eventually achieved success. Z7z assisted Qin Shihuang to establish a great cause for the future, which has always influenced . But in the end, it was because his was too selfish, he killed Fusu, chose Qin II by mistake, despised Zhao Gao, and finally couldn't die.
It seems that choice is more important than hard work . Li Si’s selfishness and misjudgment ruined his fame, and ultimately ruined the foundation of the Qin Dynasty.
Qin II was not for the enjoyment of one person, regardless of the interests of the people, and finally died and the country was destroyed.
What do you think about Li Si's ending? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area.
This article was originally created by Lushuiqingshan Historical Mirror. The picture comes from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it.
