In Chinese history, it seems that scholars’ misunderstanding of the country is a curse that is difficult to escape, especially in the military. Examples of failures caused by scholars talking about soldiers on paper are everywhere: Zhao Kuozhi lost his teacher in Changping, Ma Di’s soldier was defeated by Jieting... …All have serious consequences. However, a scholar who lived in Qianliang during the Jin Dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms was able to turn the tide, defeating powerful enemies several times, and ensuring the survival and continuation of the weak Qianliang regime. He is Xie Ai, the famous Confucian general of Qian Liang.
At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a great upheaval in the north. The governor of Liangzhou Zhang Gui protected the border and the people, and helped the Jin Dynasty resist the attack of the Han. After the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Liangzhou area guarded by the Zhang family became a de facto independent regime. In the north, Han and Later Zhao failed to achieve substantive victory in several expeditions. Later Zhao was forced to recognize the Qianliang regime, and Qianliang also accepted the canonization. By the time Zhang Gui’s grandson Zhang Jun was the king of Liang, the territory of Qianliang had been greatly developed, "Yuhe and Huang in the south, Qin and Long in the east, Congling in the west, and Juyan in the north", including Gansu. , Western Ningxia and most of Xinjiang. Zhang Jun died in the second year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (346), and his son Zhang Chonghua succeeded to the throne. Later Emperor Zhao Shihu dispatched generals Ma Qiu, Wang Zhuo, Sun Fudu and others to attack Qianliang, Jincheng prefect Zhang Chong surrendered, "Liangzhou is terrified." Zhang Chonghua conquered all the troops in the territory and ordered the southern general Pei Heng to lead the army to resist the post-Zhao.
At this time, Liangzhou Sima Zhang Dan made a very bold suggestion to Zhang Chonghua, the king of Liang. He said: "The survival of the country depends on the soldiers, and the victory or defeat of the soldiers lies in the general. Today’s deputies will be generals, and the old will be abandoned. Husband Han Xin This action is not the old virtue. To cover the actions of the master, to use impermanent people; to be worthy of talent, to teach great things. Today the strong bandits are in the environment, the generals do not enter, and the human relationship is in danger. , Can be used as the imperial Zhao." The post of the master book is roughly equivalent to today's secretary; what is certain is that Xie Ai has not been through battle before, let alone the commander. And Zhang Chonghua was just a 16-year-old boy. After hearing Zhang Dan's words, he really found Xie Ai and asked him about the strategy of defending the enemy. Xie Ai boasted: “Begging for seven thousand fake ministers and soldiers, to swallow Wangzhu, Ma Qiu, etc. for His Royal Highness.” Ma Qiu was the Liangzhou governor of Hou Zhao, and "Taiping Guang Ji: Cruelty" also recorded him: "Hou Zhao Shi Le Jiang Maqiu, Taiyuan Huren, the sex is dangerous and poisonous. There are children crying, mothers are afraid of Mahu come, crying absolutely. I think it is a story so far. "It can be seen that it is not ordinary people. But Zhang Chonghua actually believed Xie Ai and appointed him as the backbone general, but only gave him 5,000 troops to defend against Ma Qiu. Sure enough, Xie Ai was not a scholar who only talked about war on paper, but rather had a real ability to defeat Ma Qiu with a mere 5,000 people and "decapitate five thousand."
Xie Ai won the first battle and was named Fu Lubo by Zhang Zhonghua. Fulu County is the seat of Jiuquan County. Zhang Chonghua's grandfather Zhang Miao was once named Fulu County Hou, which shows that this reward is not ordinary. Zhang Chonghua's reuse of Xie Ai naturally aroused dissatisfaction with some powerful people, who "communicated Xie Ai". Zhang Chonghua had no choice but to let Xie Ai be the prefect of Jiuquan. After
, Zhao Shihu was not reconciled to failure. In the second year, he ordered Ma Qiu and others to attack Qianliang again. Zhang Chonghua ordered Xie Ai to act as an envoy and a general to fight with 30,000 troops. At the moment of the enemy, Xie Ai actually learned Zhuge Liang's style, sitting in the car, wearing casual clothes, and banging his drums, obviously not paying attention to Ma Qiu. Ma Qiu was furious, and said: "(Thanks) Ai, a young scholar, wears the crown like this, so light me." He ordered three thousand elite troops to attack. Seeing this, Xie Ai was in chaos. Some people advised Xie Ai to retreat on horseback, but Xie Ai simply got out of the cart and sat in a folding chair, calmly commanding the army. When the Zhao army saw this, suspected that there was an ambush, but hesitated. At this time, Xie Ai’s department sent Zhang Wei to the back of Zhao Jun to attack. The Zhao army was in great chaos. Xie Ai took the opportunity to direct the army to counterattack, attacking back and forth, and defeating Ma Qiu. Thousands of thousands", Ma Qiu fled back alone.
Xie Aiyi was a scholar who defeated Ma Qiu twice, but Zhao was still not reconciled to fail and made a third time. Zhang Chonghua appointed Xie Ai as the envoy and the governor to conquer the military, the general guards, led the army to resist, and defeated Ma Qiu again. When Shi Hu heard the news of the failure, he sighed: "I set Kyushu with my own teacher, and now I am trapped in Yanhan with the power of Kyushu. There are people there and there is no way." Until Xie Ai's death, Zhao Wei dared to attack again. cool.
The former Liang army under the command of Xie Ai repeatedly defeated their rivals. Zhang Chonghua, the king of Liang, was complacent, and was concerned about political affairs; and the ministers of the left and right kept saying bad things about Xie Ai in front of him, especially Zhang Chonghua’s brother Chang Ning Hou Zhang Zuo very jealous of Xie Ai , I want to get rid of it quickly. So Xie Ai wrote to Zhang Chonghua, saying: "The power is fortunate to use things, the office will be in danger, and the ministers will be the servants", and said "Changning Hou (Zhang) Zuo and Zhao ChangIt will be chaos, and it should be eliminated. "Soon, Zhang Chonghua was critically ill, and he ordered Xie Ai to serve as General Wei, supervise the military at home and abroad, and assist the government, but Zhang Zuo and others detained the warrant. After Zhang Chonghua passed away, his 10-year-old son Zhang Yaoling succeeded him and Zhao Chang After forging Zhang Chonghua’s will, he ordered Zhang Zuo to serve as the chief general of the Chinese and foreign military and auxiliary forces to assist the government. Soon after, he abolished Zhang Yaoling and supported Zhang Zuo on the grounds that “the time is difficult and the ruler should be established.” King Liang. As soon as Zhang Zuo ascended to the throne, he killed Xie Ai. A generation of Confucian generals fell. After Xie Ai's death, Qianliang's civil turmoil continued and he was wiped out by Qian Qin Fujian more than 20 years later.
