Sun Bin is said to be descendants of Sun Wu. Because they are very famous, Sun Bin is also called Sun Tzu in history books. At first glance, he thought his ancestors were resurrected.
According to records, Sun Wu’s ancestors were from Weiguo. According to this, he is still the home of Zhou Tianzi, and his surname should be Ji. Of course, in the future, many people will give themselves and their children and grandchildren a new surname based on the fiefdom or official position. We also called Sun Wu.
According to historical records, Sun Bin was born between A and Juan (now north of Juancheng County, Heze City, Shandong Province). At first, people had a little controversy over whether the "The Art of War" was written by Sun Wu or Sun Bin. Because it is said in the history books that both of them have written the art of war, but only this one has been handed down, so there has been no complete conclusion. Until 1972, archaeologists excavated two tombs from the early Western Han Dynasty in Yinqueshan (Linyi, Shandong). Fortunately, there were a lot of bamboo slips among them. After sorting out, they found that there were "The Art of War" and the one that had been lost for more than 1,000 years. The Art of War by Sun Bin can be regarded as a conclusion that Sun Wu made the Art of War by Sun Bin, and it also affirmed Sun Bin's military status.
The love and hate of Sun Bin and Pang Juan
According to legend, Sun Bin and Pang Juan were both disciples of Guiguzi when they were young, and they learned the art of war from Guiguzi.
I think Guiguzi was the best person in the Warring States Period, and it seems that there is no one. All kinds of great figures in the Warring States Period, in the legend, all came from the Valley of Ghosts, and then spread across the countries. It can be said that the Warring States Period, which controls the current situation.
Pang Juan is Sun Bin’s senior. He made his debut a few years earlier and then came to Wei. At that time, it was the reign of King Wei Hui, and Pang Juan quickly became a general because of his talent. Prominent in the Wei State, but Pang Juan has a problem with strong jealousy. He felt that his talents were not as good as Sun Bin, and then he quietly found Sun Bin and asked Sun Bin to come to Wei State together to make contributions and share the glory and wealth.
Sun Bin was innocent, he was really fooled. He came to the Wei State, but Pang Juan lost his words. He was afraid that Sun Bin would surpass himself in the Wei State Council. Therefore, he used himself to be in power, fabricated a crime, and sentenced Sun Bin to punishment and tattoo. Punishment is to chop off Sun Bin's feet. To tattoo is to tattoo him. Therefore, we can infer that Sun Bin’s real name may not actually be Bin. Bin refers to the punishment he suffered, but now we have no way to verify Sun Bin’s actual name, so we still call him Sun Bin.
Pang Juan fabricated Sun Bin's accusation as a capital crime. But Pang Juan wanted to continue his performance. He pretended to be generous to Wang Hui to plead for Sun Bin, so Sun Bin was not executed. Z1z
wants to harm people and gain a good reputation. Pang Juan’s wishful thinking is really wonderful!
Sun Bin was grateful to Pang Juan's master at first, but after Wei Guo had a miserable life, he gradually understood the truth, and he understood Pang Juan's character thoroughly. The ideal is full, but the reality is so skinny. Pang Juan taught Sun Bin a vivid lesson about the sinister heart.
Sun Bin will not stop here. During one of Qi's visit to Wei, Sun Bin quietly found Qi's envoy. Showed his talents to the envoy of Qi. Qi Shi was shocked. Secretly hid Sun Bin in his motorcade and brought him back to Qi. In this way, Sun Bin began his truly brilliant career.
Tian Ji horse racing
Tian Ji is now the most famous general in Qi. Tian Ji received Sun Bin first. Sun Bin then worked as a guest here at Tian Ji.
didn't show much performance at the beginning, and there were no battles, but soon, a trivial matter made Tian Ji look at Sun Bin differently. Z1z
said that there is a "good atmosphere" of horse racing and betting among the nobles of Qi. Tian Ji also often participates, but unfortunately, because his horses are not outstanding, so in previous horse races, there are more losses than losses. After watching a few games, Sun Bin said to Tian Ji: "I have a way to make you win, you can place a big bet to play."
Tian Ji was curious: "What way?"
Sun Bin said the famous "Tian Ji" Horse racing" theory. The strategy is as follows:
now take the monarch’s siege and his siege, take the emperor’s siege and the siege, and take the emperor’s siege and the siege.
Tian Ji did his best to win the game and won countless money.
It turned out that Sun Bin discovered that their horse races are divided into upper middle and lower third-class horses, with the upper horse and the upper horse, the middle horse and the middle horse, and the dismounted and dismounted horses.Coincidentally, Tian Ji's three horses and other people's three horses are just a little bit worse, and then they lose again and again.
So, Sun Bin asked Tian Ji to use a pair of dismounted horses to compare with the opponent's mounted horses, the mounted horses to compare with the center horses, and the center horses to compare with the dismounted horses. Although he lost the first game, he won the second and third games. In the case of a two-win-of-three system, isn't this a stable win?
Tian Ji's theory of horse racing, in exchange for partial defeat for overall victory, has a great influence on later generations, and it has been used many times in future wars.
Tian Ji happened to win King Qi, and King Qi was curious, so Tian Ji officially introduced Sun Bin to King Qi. King Qi was very happy, and took Sun Bin as his teacher, and asked Sun Bin how to govern the country and use troops.
Encircling Wei to save Zhao and the death of Pang Juan
The Warring States Period is a turbulent era, and all countries are conquering everywhere to expand their territory.
Wei State was in the period of prosperity at this time. It is no wonder that Wei is not interested in Sun Bin. Pang Juan is enough! In the year of
(354 BC), Wei wanted to attack the State of Zhao, so he adopted a roundabout method. Pang Juan first sent troops to attack the State of Wei, in order to attract Zhao State’s attention, and took the opportunity to attack State of Zhao. Weiguo asked Qi for help. Qi Guo then sent Tian Ji as the chief general and Sun Bin as the adviser, leading 80,000 soldiers to set off. At this time, the situation of defending the country is already very dangerous. It is estimated that when Tian Ji arrived, Wei Guo had already been captured. Therefore, Sun Bin gave Tian Ji a detrimental trick, that is, regardless of the life and death of the country, he directly attacked Pingling, which is the nearest to the current army. Pingling is a strategic place because of its large area and large population. Pang Juan will definitely not ignore it. , Will come to rescue, at this time, you can attack Pang Juan on the way.
However, Tian Ji worried that Pingling also deployed many soldiers, and that Wei Guo might cut off the grain and grass on the way. Sun Bin said that this is the best way to confuse Pang Juan.
In this way, they came to Pingling. First, two troops were sent to attack the other two cities near Pingling, Qicheng and Gaotang, pretending to be defeated. Then they sent a light rider to kill the capital of Wei State. Lose again. It turned out that these three routes were all used to attract Pang Juan. Although all three routes were defeated, Pang Juan was successfully attracted. He led Qingqi Jianpeng to Pingling, and wanted to command the troops here The partial division is eliminated. But what he didn't expect was that at this time, Sun Bin had led the main force to successfully set up an ambush on the way to Pang Juan (Guiling, southwest of Changyuan County, Henan Province). So Pang Juan was captured in one fell swoop.
"Historical Records" and "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" remember that they both surrounded Wei and saved Zhao. Weiguo and Weiguo are allies, but in the "Art of War by Sun Bin" it is recorded that Weiguo and Zhao are allies, and the real is to encircle Wei and save the defense. This article is based on "Sun Bin Art of War" to describe this one. But the result was the same. Even when Pang Juan was captured in the Battle of Guiling, Wei did not attack Zhao and Wei.
Although Pang Juan was captured, the main force of Wei is still there, and the lean camel is bigger than the horse. At this time, Wei is still a powerful country that all countries fear. King Wei Hui personally sent troops to defeat Tian Ji, Sun Bin and the three coalition forces of Qi, Wei, and Song at that time. And also won Handan. Helpless, Qi Guo asked Chu to come forward to mediate. Qi, Wei and Hao, Wei left Handan, withdrew his troops and returned to China, Qi returned to Pang Juan.
Seeing the enemy leave, Sun Bin could only silently swallow the depressed bitterness, waiting for the opportunity again. During the two hundred years of the Warring States Period, almost no year was peaceful, and a few years passed (343 BC). Wei State made a comeback again, this time attacking South Korea. South Korea asked Qi for help, and Qi again sent Tian Ji and Sun Bin to rescue.
Sun Bin once again suggested to Tian Ji the strategy of "encircling Wei and saving Zhao", and the troops went all the way to the main beam of the state of Wei.
Pang Juan, immediately the class teacher rescued. Qi State's soldiers had already arrived and approached the capital of Wei State. Pang Juan returned to the rescue, and a great battle was about to trigger.
Sun Bin at this time gave Tian Ji a strategy, which is the famous stove reduction method. Let Wei mistakenly believe that Qi was defeated, thus underestimating the enemy's advance.
Historical Records: The grandson of
said that Tian Ji said: "The soldiers of the Three Jins were brave and light, and the number of Qi was timid, and the good fighters guided them because of their situation. The art of war is a hundred miles but the interesting ones are the generals. Interesting and profitable soldiers half arrived. The Qi army entered the Wei land for one hundred thousand stoves, 50,000 stoves tomorrow, and 30,000 stoves tomorrow." Pang Juanxing three days, rejoiced, and said: "I know that Qi Jun is afraid, enter Three days in my land,More than half of the soldiers died. "It's abandoning his infantry, instead of chasing him lightly and sharply. The meaning of
is that Sun Tzu said that Pang Juan also understands the art of war, and Pang Juan must know a truth. Generally speaking, people who use a rapid march for a hundred miles to compete with the enemy, It is possible to break the general; if you use a rapid march for fifty miles to compete with the enemy for profit, half of the soldiers may be left behind. Then, we just use this to lure Pang Juan, that is, we run, Pang Juan chases, and then we keep reducing the focus. , Making them think that our soldiers are about to escape. And Pang Juan will definitely send Qingqi to chase after us. At this time, it is in our ambush. Z1z
Sure enough, Pang Juan is in the middle of the plan. When he is chasing Ma Ling (now Shen County, Liaocheng, Shandong), After the main force of the Qi army ambushed, Pang Juan committed suicide. The battle of
also killed the prince Shen of the Wei State. After this battle, the Wei State was devastated, and Qi State became the overlord again.
Sun Bin's aftermath
Tian Ji fought in front of the war. , Victoriously, but in Qi, he was jealous by Zou Ji (Zou Ji from the book "Zou Ji satirizes Qi Wang’s admonition"). Although this person is also very talented in governing the country, he manages Qi very well and very well. Guan Zhong’s character, but he was jealous of Tian Ji’s achievements, lest Tian Ji overpower him, and then spread rumors to Tian Ji from the rear.
Sun Bin suggested that Tian Ji lead his teacher Qin Wang to kill Zou Ji, and Tian Ji was afraid of conspiracy. He didn’t dare to be charged for the crime. Then Tian Ji just returned home when he heard the news that King Qi was going to punish him, so he had to flee to Chu State.
Sun Bin also asked King Qi to relieve his military power and then retired. "The Art of War by Sun Bin" was passed on to later generations.
In the history books, Sun Bin fought two battles, using the same strategy of "surrounding Wei and saving Zhao", but they all won. The use of soldiers is really amazing!
Strictly speaking, Sun Bin. The two battles that Sun Bin participated in were led by Tian Ji and Sun Bin was the military commander. But because both battles were based on Sun Bin’s strategy, the history Sun Bin is also listed as a famous general!
Pang Juan has made many enemies due to the perennial conquest of Han to defeat Zhao and Chu and fight against Qi, so that soon after King Wei Hui ordered a thick burial, the tomb was stolen and destroyed, and the corpse was in the wilderness. Because the head is in Qi, Sun Bin was grateful for the fellowship, and he set up a separate inscription in Liuxian Lake, Zichuan, which has been preserved to this day.
This article is the story of Sun Bin in the author's "Seventeen History and Hundred Generals" series.
Reference materials "Historical Records" and "Zizhi Tongjian" "The Art of War by Sun Bin" etc.
