Zhou Wenwang Weishui met Jiang Taigong during his visit to Xian, and Zhou Wenwang, with the assistance of Jiang Taigong Lu Shang, formulated a series of preparations for the destruction of business. After the death of Zhouwen Wang Jichang, Zhou Wu Wang Jifa inherited his father’s death. After years of cultivating cultural virtues and keeping a low profile, Zhou has the prerequisites to destroy business. The mighty army of the Zhou Dynasty embarked on the journey of destroying business.
One, Mengjin Guanbing
After King Zhou Wu inherited his father’s business, he put all his thoughts on the destruction of commerce as soon as he ascended the throne. King Wu of Zhou respected Jiang Taigong Lu Shang very much and called Taigong his "shang father". Zhou Wu Wang Jifa fully implemented the strategy set by Jiang Taigong. At the beginning of his reign, King Wu moved the capital from the west bank of Fengshui River to the east bank, called Gaojing .
Wu Wang also followed Lu Shang’s suggestion and invited princes from all walks of life to Mengjin at the Yellow River ferry to watch the Zhou Dynasty military exercises. In fact, it was equivalent to a military parade. The high morale and fighting spirit displayed by the Zhou Dynasty soldiers in this military exercise Morale greatly encouraged all lords.
This exercise further strengthened Zhou Wuwang’s determination to destroy business, because the place of this military exercise was called Mengjin, and this military exercise also played a role in liaising with the princes of all walks of life, so the history records this military parade as " "Mengjin watch soldiers", "Mengmeng" means vassals from all walks of life.
Zhou Wuwang, with his personal charm and extraordinary magnanimity displayed in this military parade, made the Zhou Dynasty from the first to the princes and ministers down to every soldier to unite unprecedentedly, and also with the former The princes who came to participate in the military parade reached an oath. The oath of the ancient princes had the tradition of "blood as an alliance". According to the "Spring and Autumn Zuozhuan Zhengyi" record:
where the alliance ceremony is to kill the animal. Swear to the gods, if there is a violation, you want to make the gods take the blame and make such sacrifices.
Most of the princes who came to swear an affidavit with King Zhou Wu are some princes who have long held grudges against Shang and have lost confidence in the rule of King Shang Zhou. These vassal kingdoms effectively cooperated with the main forces of the Zhou Dynasty in the subsequent extermination operations, and provided assistance within their capacity, including food, grass, weapons, horses, chariots, guides, and so on. These vassal states are also recorded in the annals of history because of their contributions in the destruction of business.
Second, Mengjin marched out, the swearing ceremony
After Mengjin watched the soldiers, a few years later, Zhou Wu Wang Jifa and Jiang Taigong Lu Shang agreed to kill The time for business had arrived, and King Wu sent messengers to inform the princes of the various alliances to hold high the banner of righteousness, to jointly promote the great cause, and to destroy the merchants.
This military operation is fully prepared, large in scale, and well equipped. It can be said that it is the first large-scale group operation in Chinese history. King Wu of Zhou dispatched a total of three hundred chariots, a large force of 45,000, and a leading assault force (tiger army) 3,000. After the army of the Zhou Dynasty crossed the Yellow River, all princes abide by the covenant and come to join forces. .
At this time, facing the high morale of the army, King Wu delivered another inspiring, fighting spirit, and generous speech. It can be seen that King Wu is not only majestic but also An eloquent orator, this great and eloquent speech of Zhou Wu Wang is recorded in "Shangshu·Zhou Shu·Tao":
"Only ten years in spring, the conference will be held in Mengjin. Wang said:" ! I am a friend of mine, I am a servant of the imperial affairs, and listen to the oath. Only the parents of heaven and earth, but the spirit of human beings. I was clever, and became the parents of the people after the Yuan Dynasty. ……Yuyouchen three thousand, one mind. The sin of business is surplus, the fate punishes him. Yufu Shuntian, the crime is only a matter of extremes. For the kid to be afraid of the night, he was ordered to take a literary test, like God, suitable for the mound, and there are many in the world. The sky is in the hands of the people, and the sky will do what the people want. Er Shang Bi to one person, eternally clear the world, time can be lost! "
In his inspiring speech, King Zhou Wu enumerated a series of tyranny of Shang Zhou, and also emphasized that cutting down and destroying business was adhering to the will of God, fulfilling the destiny, it was the hope of everyone, and it was the right choice. In a speech, it is said that the hearts of all princes are gathered together, and they are all willing to work for King Wu of Zhou.
三, the re-swearing meeting before the decisive battle
The army of the Huimeng, under the command of King Zhou Wu, came to Muye with great strength (Muye is today north of Weihe River, south of Qi County, Henan Province In places, Muye is only seventy miles away from Chaoge, the capital of Shang and Zhou, without encountering any effective obstacles along the way.
But Shang Zhou’s main force is ahead. King Zhou Wu knew that a big battle was coming. At dawn, the big battle was approaching. King Zhou Wu stepped onto a chariot. This is the command platform of the former enemy. King Wu held it in his left hand. Huang Yue, who represents absolute power, held Bai Jinqi in his right hand to direct the army forward, facing his soldiers.
These soldiers are ready for the upcoming decisive battle. Their sharp folds are shining, and there is a cold light above the Muye before dawn. King Zhou Wu sees the soldiers We were so agitated, and our hearts were greatly excited. King Wu Zhou gave another speech on the final battle against Shang Zhou. This speech is also included in "Shang Shu· Zhou Shu· Mu Oath":
"The time Jiazi is ambiguous, and the dynasty is as good as Shangjiao Muye. It is an oath. The king left sticks to Huangyue, right Bing and Bai Yilu, says : "Tie, the people of the West! Wang said: "Wh! My friends are the masters of Zhongjun, Situ, Si Deng, Si Kong, Asian brigade, Shishi, thousands of commanders, centurions, and Yong, Shu, Qiang, Tiao, Wei, Lu, Peng, Pu. Call Ergo, Birgan, and Spear, and give him an oath. ”
When King Zhou Wu gave a speech, his eyes were like torches and his voice was as loud as a bell. Every word was sonorous and thunderous. The voice of King Zhou reverberated in the sky above Muye, intertwined with the energetic shouts and horns of the soldiers to render Muye before dawn. The sky above.
Four, turn to the enemy
At the same time, the gang in Chaoge City is still singing and dancing, and living in the vinegar meat forest. Forgetting the day and night, when King Zhou heard that the Zhou Dynasty’s army had reached Muye, he withdrew the banquet and stopped singing and dancing. In a state of drunken dreams, he hurriedly took a large number of slaves and those who had just been captured from Dongyi. The prisoners pieced together, and they made up enough 700,000 "army". At this time, King Zhou felt a little more at ease, thinking that Ji Fa could not be a mere 50,000 horses, and he would definitely be vulnerable to a single blow.
人马Shouting, fighting drums, and the two armies are facing the Great Plains. Although the number of Zhou Wu's army is very different from that of Shang Zhou, the Zhou Dynasty's army has the spirit of "bright sword". They are well organized, disciplined and trained. They are all well-known, and all of them are known as "Truto Warriors". King Zhou placed the team made up of slaves and captives at the forefront, and let them fight against King Zhou Wu's army, using slaves and captives as a shield. The regular troops supervised the battle in the back, and even the slaves were not allowed to retreat.
When short soldiers met, the chariots and soldiers of the Zhou dynasty rushed from left to right, instantly disrupting the formation of the Shang Dynasty. The slaves and captives of Zhou had suffered all the abuse and humiliation from King Zhou on weekdays, and they all harbored a grudge against King Zhou. At this time, they had to act as cannon fodder for Shang Zhou. Suddenly, they were so angry that they turned their quarrels and spears towards Shang Zhou’s war-supervising troops. They did not retreat, but turned back and turned to each other.
The form on the battlefield took a 180-degree turn, and a dramatic scene took place. The army of the Zhou Dynasty and the army of the Shang Dynasty were fighting against the enemy. Ge Tou pointed at Shang Zhou and the people who helped him to abuse him.
In the flick of his fingers, Shang Zhou’s "樯橹" was wiped out. When King Zhou saw that the situation was gone, he was so scared that he fled all the way into Chaoge, hid in Lutai, and died on fire. King Zhou did not understand how he failed even after his death. He believed that the Shang Dynasty was made of iron and bronze, and it was inexhaustible.
He never thought that his country was in his lewdness, luxury and luxury. , Jiuchi Roulin, amidst the sluggish singing and dancing, he had already been swallowed bit by bit by himself. In the battle of Muye, Shang and Zhou were destroyed. From then on, King Wu and his Zhou dynasty came to the forefront of history. Jiang Taigong Zhougong and others With the help of, a brand-new dynasty entered another piece of time and space on the wheel of history.
A piece of bronze restored the true nature of the Battle of Makino
A Western Zhou bronze ware unearthed in Lingkou Town, Lintong County, Shaanxi Province in 1976. The inscription on this bronze ware records the important historical event that King Wu cut down on the early morning of Jiazi Day. It was a person named "Li" who made this bronze ware. It was used by King Wu to participate in the War of Destroying Merchants. After the victory of the war, King Wu was rewarded by King Wu for his merits. King Wu bestowed "Li" with some bronzes (then called the bronze Gold), "Li" cast this gui with the bestowed bronze. To remember merits and to pay homage to ancestors
People call this bronze "Ligui". Ligui is the earliest Western Zhou bronze ware that can be known so far. The inscription of Ligui is:
The King of Wu levies merchants, only Jiazi Dynasty, Sui Ding, has shang dynasty, Xin Wei, Wang Zailanshi, gives money for the event, used as Tan Gong Bao Zun Yi.
The inscription of the Ligui inscription records that the king of Wu cuts down on the morning of Jiazi, and the stars are in the sky every year. The inscription in Ligui also confirms the "Shi Jiazi Rimei Shuang" recorded in "Shang Shu · Pastoral Oath" , Wang Zhiyu Shangjiao Muye".
The meaning of the Ligui inscription is: Zhou Wu Wang conquered Shang Zhou. The Shang was destroyed overnight, and Chaoge was occupied on the morning of Jiaziri, when the stars were in the sky. On Xinwei day after the eighth day, King Wu gave a lot of copper, tin and other metals to Youshili on the merits and rewards of Master Lan. Youshi used it as his ancestor Tan Gong as this sacrificial vessel to commemorate his ancestor Tan Gong.
recorded a very important thing in the inscription: The day of King Wu cuts out merchants, it happens to be the day of Jiazi, the year (wood) star is in the sky.
Based on the celestial phenomena of Jiaziri and Sui (Jupiter) stars in the mid-sky recorded in the inscription, and referring to the astronomical records recorded in "Guoyu·Zhou Yuxia", the astronomers calculated that the time of King Wu's attack was in BC January 20, 1046.
Thus, this famous battle in ancient history has an absolute age; it provides an important chronological basis for the division of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and confirms the records of many ancient documents, with very high historical data value.
The unearthed objects confirm the historical facts of King Wu’s defeating Shang and destroying Zhou. Here, this article also gives an example to illustrate the importance of this historical event.
