told you about the evolution of zoning changes in many cities. The evolution of zoning changes in each city is very complicated, because our country has a very long history. The long historical and cultural inheritance has allowed our country to go through many changes. During the periods when different regimes were in power, the needs for regional divisions were different.
Moreover, during the reign of each dynasty, the territory of each place was also different. After 5,000 years of historical changes, the current regional layout was gradually formed. Today I will tell you about the zoning changes in Guizhou and Guangxi, and see what kind of zoning changes have occurred in the two cities in the long history of the Chinese nation. It is not easy to find historical materials. I hope you can like and support it.
First, let’s briefly talk about the development of the two provinces and their changes.
The abbreviation of Guizhou is Qian. As my country's provincial administrative region , Guizhou's development in recent years is very unexpected. Today's Guizhou is my country's first national big data comprehensive experimental zone. There are many mountainous areas in Guizhou. People have always called Guizhou "eight mountains, one water and one farmland". Currently, Guizhou has a total of 6 prefecture-level cities and 3 autonomous prefectures. According to census data, the current permanent population of Guizhou is more than 38 million. Since Guizhou is located in the southwest, its economy is not as developed as that of coastal provinces. Today, Guizhou's total population is constantly decreasing.
Many people don’t know much about the history of Guizhou. In fact, in ancient my country, Guizhou was called Nanman by the Central Plains people, and it was part of Jingchu. During the Warring States Period, a country was born in Guizhou, the Yelang Kingdom, which was one of the larger countries in the southwest. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he implemented the county system in Guizhou. However, at that time, the Guizhou area was not directly under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty. It was not until the Yelang Kingdom was destroyed during the Western Han Dynasty that the county system was officially established in the Yelang region.
From this time on, Guizhou was officially included in the jurisdiction of the Central Plains Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, , during the Three Kingdoms dispute, the southwest region was under the jurisdiction of the Shu Han. At that time, the Shu Han regime established many counties and counties in the Guizhou area.
During the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, , and , the Sui Dynasty, , no major zoning changes occurred in Guizhou. However, by the time of Tang Dynasty , a new system called Jizhou and Jingzhizhou system were implemented in Guizhou area. This system is mainly to stabilize the politics and economy of southern Xinjiang.
During the Song Dynasty, Guizhou was divided into many roads, and most of Guizhou's territory belonged to Kuizhou Road. During the Yuan Dynasty, a system implemented in Guizhou was the chieftain system. The main mode of this system was to let a few local tribes in Guizhou govern themselves.
In the year of the Ming Dynasty, Guizhou was changed to Guizhou Chengxuan Secretary , and Guizhou officially became a provincial-level unit. After a series of complicated adjustments in and in the Qing Dynasty, the current zoning pattern of Guizhou was gradually formed. In the second year of the Republic of China, Guizhou ushered in another adjustment, and the former Qing Dynasty prefectures were directly changed into counties. At the same time, Guizhou is divided into three roads, namely Qiandong Road, West Guizhou Road, and Central Guizhou Road. Guizhou officially ushered in liberation in 1949, and the Guizhou Provincial People's Government was established in the same year. This is the simple evolution of Guizhou's zoning changes.
Let’s take a look at the evolution of zoning changes in Guangxi.
The full name of Guangxi is Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. As one of the few autonomous regions in my country, Guangxi has a very large area. Its total area is 237,600 square kilometers. It also governs the Beibu Gulf sea area, which is about 40,000 square kilometers. According to census data, the current permanent population of Guangxi is 50.37 million. The capital of Guangxi is Nanning.In terms of geographical location in my country, it is located on the southeastern edge of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and in the western part of the hills of Guangxi and Guangxi. There are many ethnic minorities in Guangxi, mainly the Zhuang, who account for 31% of the entire population.
Guangxi is also an important birthplace of Lingnan culture and the only coastal area in the western region. According to economic census data, the current GDP of Guangxi's region is 2.474 billion yuan. Such economic data is still somewhat unsatisfactory for our country.
Guangxi also has a long history. At the earliest, Guangxi belonged to the land of Baiyue. After Emperor Qin Yingzheng unified the world, he sent 500,000 troops to attack the land of Baiyue. The Lingnan area was officially included in the administrative division of the Central Plains Dynasty. After being included in the territory of the Central Plains Dynasty, Guangxi at that time mainly belonged to Guilin County, , and Xiang County, . The reason why it is called Guangxi is because during the Song Dynasty, the area where Guangxi was located was called Guangnan West Road, or Guangxi Road for short. Let me remind you that before 1965, the full name of Guangxi was Guangxi Tong Autonomous Region, and later it was changed to Guangzhou Zhuang Autonomous Region.
In fact, during the Warring States Period, Guangxi also had its own country. At that time, the Zhuang ancestors had already established their own country. However, due to the Central Dynasty's discrimination against the Guangxi region, in the historical records of the Central Plains Dynasty, Guangxi has always been called a foreign land.
During the Western Han Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the prefect of Nanhai County, proclaimed himself king and established his own kingdom, the Nanyue Kingdom. In 1966, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pacified the Nanyue Kingdom. At the same time, the county system was also adopted in the Nanyue region, and Guangxi was divided into nine counties. During the Western Han Dynasty, Hepu was the starting point of my country's Maritime Silk Road.
The zoning system during the Three Kingdoms and and the Two Jins periods was too confusing, so I won’t go into details here. After the Sui Dynasty ushered in unification again, it re-adopted the system of counties and counties. At that time, the Guangxi region was under the jurisdiction of the Yangzhou Department.
During the Tang Dynasty, a three-level administrative system of Daozhou and counties was adopted. There were a total of 45 states in the Lingnan region. These 45 states are collectively called Lingnan Road, and there are 5 governor's offices under Lingnan Road, referred to as Lingnan 5. During the Tang Dynasty, Lingnan Road was divided into two parts, Lingnan West Road and Lingnan East Road. It was at this time that Guangxi became the earliest independent administrative region.
When the Yuan Dynasty ruled, the management of Guangxi basically focused on military control. The Yuan Dynasty established the Guangxi Xingzhongshu Province, which was when Guangxi officially appeared as a province on the administrative map of my country. The Ming Dynasty continued to adopt the provincial system, but changed the province to Chengxuanzhengshisi, and Guangxi was called Guangxi Chengxuanzhengshisi. During the Qing Dynasty, a four-level administrative system was adopted, namely province, road, prefecture, and county. Guangxi was called Guangxi Province, and its provincial capital was Guilin City .
During the Republic of China, Guangxi was still organized as a province. From the first time Guangxi was established as a province to the Republic of China, its provincial capital has always been Guilin. At the same time, I have to mention here that during the Anti-Japanese War, the Guangxi Army in Guangxi was the unit that suffered the most casualties in fighting the Japanese aggressors. Guangxi ushered in liberation in 1949, and Nanning was established as the provincial capital in the same year.
So back to the topic, what kind of zoning changes have happened in Guizhou and Guangxi?
As you have learned above, during the reign of the feudal dynasty, there were many chieftain tribes in Guangxi and Guizhou. Since ancient times, the opponents of the Central Plains dynasty have been the ethnic minorities in the north, and they have no time to care about the ethnic minorities in the southwest. However, at that time, the Central Plains Dynasty had very limited ability to control these chieftain cloths. The chieftain tribe was like a small country and did not allow the Central Plains Dynasty to infiltrate.
The Qing Dynasty began to formally solve the problem of chieftains in the southwest region. After the Qing Dynasty eliminated external threats, it began to deal with the problem in the southwest region.The most famous policy adopted at that time was to reform the land and return it to local people. During the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, he appointed his confidant Ertai to govern Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi. Ertai became the governor of the three provinces. After Ortai took office, he found that the situation at the border between Guizhou and Guangxi was very complicated. The complicated political regime made it difficult for Ortai to manage.
In 1727 AD, Ortai reported to Yongzheng that the areas north of Libo County, Nanpanjiang River and Hongshui River in Guangxi Province were administered by Guizhou Province. After this area was divided into Guizhou, it was renamed Zhenfeng Prefecture after the fall of the Qing Dynasty. This prefecture has successively established five counties, namely Zhenfeng County, Ziyun County, Luodian County, Guanling County, and Wangmo County. These 5 counties plus Libo County, which was originally included in Guizhou Province, are equivalent to 6 counties in total. These six counties add up to a total of 1,362 villages. That is to say, from the late Qing Dynasty to modern times, Guangxi has given a total of 1,362 villages to Guizhou Province. Now the accents and living habits of these areas are closer to those of Guangxi.
This is the evolution of zoning changes in Guizhou and Guangxi. In subsequent articles, I will introduce to you the evolution of zoning changes in other provinces. I hope you like it. Thank you for your support. Goodbye!
