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Introduction:
China has been influenced by Confucianism for a long time since ancient times, advocating " benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom, trust" and Confucian " Wuchang " thoughts.
Since the Tang Dynasty, Confucianism has been transformed into the image of "Xia", which has been widely spread in people's hearts. " chivalrous person" means that as a chivalrous person, righteousness should come first when speaking and doing things..
In the late Tang Dynasty , the people suffered from the war and had nowhere to vent, so the Ranger was born. People relied on the Ranger to punish evil and promote good, and eliminate violence and bring peace to the good.
There was no gender discrimination in the Tang Dynasty, so there were many female knight-errants written by literati in the Tang Dynasty. The familiar Hong Fu Nv is one representative.
The lingering and pathos love stories in Tang Dynasty novels are often inseparable from the stories of pleasure and hatred, and they are widely praised by later generations.
However, most of the versions that have been circulated today are left over from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Tang Dynasty described many love stories of gifted scholars and beauties and stories of chivalrous knights who eliminated violence and brought peace to good people. This left many excellent secondary creation themes for the literati of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Let's start with "The Story of the Bearded Guest" written by Du Guangting in the late Tang Dynasty, and compare it with the more widely circulated Ming and Qing version of "The Three Heroes" to see what the differences are.
Taizong Li Shimin had a supreme status in the hearts of the people of the Tang Dynasty
In "The Story of the Bearded Guest" there is a romantic love story, a casual and heroic demeanor, and a chivalrous character. The manly spirit of being righteous, recognizing heroes with a keen eye, and cherishing heroes,
"The Story of the Bearded Guest" has been circulated in several literary and artistic forms, but the central idea of chivalry, righteousness and courage will not change with the change of literary and artistic themes and the passage of time.
There is a Qiu bearded guest , Li Jing and Hongfu Nu in everyone’s heart. The three protagonists of this novel have already appeared.
Then let the author lead you to briefly review the main content of this story, to feel what other thoughts the author wants to express behind the happy grudges and romantic love story .
The story describes that Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty came to Jiangdu, Sikong Yang Su was in great power, and his life was extremely luxurious and luxurious, and the people of Jiangdu were miserable.
However, one day a commoner scholar named Li Jing came to offer advice to Yang Su. Yang Su talked with him to no avail, and they parted ways unhappily. The singing prostitute Zhang from Yang Su's house passed by with a red brush in hand, and saw that Li Jing was a capable person.
At that time, he found the inn where Li Jing was staying, and that night he changed his clothes and went to see Li Jing. Li Jing and Zhang hit it off immediately, so they got married and went to Taiyuan.
Because Zhang and Li Jing were holding a red whisk when they first met, they were also called the Red Whisker Girl . The Red Whisker Girl and Li Jing traveled until nightfall and stayed in an inn. In the morning, Zhang was sitting in front of a bronze mirror dressing up. Someone unscrupulously opened the door and entered the room to watch her combing her hair.
Mrs. Zhang, the red-haired girl, saw this person, his appearance was different from ordinary people, and he had an extraordinary bearing. She knew that this person would make great achievements in the future, so she waved her hand to Li Jing who was observing secretly, leading Li Jing to get acquainted with the bearded guest.
The three of them were very interested in talking, so they became brother and sister and met in Taiyuan to meet again. Later, the three met again in Taiyuan, and Li Jing introduced the bearded guest to Li Shimin through Liu Wenjing .
When the bearded guest saw Li Shimin, asked Li Jing about Li Shimin, he gave up his idea of unifying the Central Plains and gave all his money and belongings to Li Jing and Hongfu Nu.
The bearded guest told him that they must do their best to assist Li Shimin. Li Shimin will become the king of a country in the future, and he will lead his wife to Fuyu Kingdom to become the king.
In the future, Li Shimin indeed became emperor, and Li Jing and Hongfu Nu also fulfilled their promise to the bearded guest. They not only donated money but also tried their best to assist Li Shimin.
Li Shimin is not only good at fighting, but also good at governing the world. He can embrace all rivers and know people and make good use of them.
Under his governance, the Tang Dynasty had unprecedented economic strength and political foundation . Under the prosperous Tang Dynasty under the rule of Zhenguan, the people lived a peaceful and peaceful life, which shows Li Shimin's status in the hearts of the people of the Tang Dynasty.
Li Shimin has a high prestige. Not only the descendants of the Li family admire him, but also the people of the Tang Dynasty admire him. Even the only female emperor in history Wu Zetian is full of admiration for Li Shimin.
Li Shimin's bravery and talent for governing the world shocked Wu Zetian, causing her to imitate Li Shimin in many ways after becoming emperor.
2. The red-flecked girl recognizes heroes with her sharp eyes and bravely pursues her own happiness
The image of the red-flecked girl in "The Biography of the Bearded Guest" is a perfect representation of women in the Tang Dynasty . Women in this period were independent-minded.
Hongfu Nu is a smart woman. Although she has a low status, she is very good at observation and has strong learning and analytical abilities .
When she first met Li Jing, she knew that he was an extraordinary person, which showed his strong observation and analysis skills.
However, Hongfu Nu only observed that Li Jing was not an ordinary person and did not take any action, so there is no subsequent story.
After Hongfunu used her excellent reconnaissance ability to find out where Li Jing had settled, a series of actions were full of legendary color. She changed her clothes, ran out at night, and eloped with Li Jing.
It can be seen that no matter in terms of observation ability, reconnaissance ability, analytical ability or execution ability, Hongfu Girl has no possibility of success if she lacks any of these four abilities.
Such intelligent female heroes are almost invisible in Song Dynasty , Yuan Dynasty , Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty .
Only in the Tang Dynasty would there be the existence of Hongfu women, because women in the Tang Dynasty could participate in social activities like men, their thoughts were not constrained, and they were completely independent.
Hong Fu Nu used her intelligence to find a good husband for herself. At the same time, used her extraordinary observation and eloquence to find a good big brother for herself and her husband, and even found a wise husband for herself and her husband.
In the future, they rose to prominence and were highly respected. These are the results of the independent thinking of women in the Tang Dynasty and their unwillingness to be accessories behind men.
3. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, women were reduced to men's subordinates.
"The Story of the Qiu Bearded Guest" by the Ming Dynasty basically existed in the literary form of opera . The three main versions are Zhang Fengyi "The Story of the Red Fu", Ling Mengchu's "The Qiu Bearded Man" and Zhang Taihe's "The Story of the Red Fu", which are the most widely circulated.
At this time, the bearded guest and the red-haired girl turned into fictional characters . The story is still about Li Jing going to Yang Su's house to give advice and suggestions. Zhang, a geisha in Yang Su's house, admired his talent and ran with Li Jing at night.
On the way to Taiyuan, he met a bearded guest. When he arrived in Taiyuan, Li Jing introduced the bearded guest to Li Shimin through Liu Wenjing.
After meeting Li Shimin, the bearded guest knew that he was outmatched, so he made an appointment with Li Jing and Hong Fu to see each other in Chang'an . Li Jing and Hong Fu came to Chang'an as promised and found that the beard guest was a big business.
The bearded guest saw the two of them and told him the reason. He also wanted to win the world. But after seeing Li Shimin, he thought that Li Shimin was the real one and he could not compete with him.
then donated all his property to Li Jing and Hong Fu, and also donated his house to Li Jing.
After the bearded guest left, Li Jing found that there were dozens of volumes of art of war left in the house, so he studied several volumes of art of war day and night. After studying, his literary and military skills gradually increased. When he met Li Shimin, Li Shimin also praised Li Jing .
After Li Yuan Li Shimin and his son rebelled against the Sui Dynasty. Li Jing made great contributions to them, and Hongfu Nu naturally became a first-class lady.
The purpose of the Ming Dynasty author here is no longer to praise the Red Fu Girl, but to use this story to illustrate that Li Shimin was the true emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and others were not enough to rival him .
Although the Ming Dynasty author's second creation depicts the simple storyline very vividly, the characters of the Three Fengchen Heroes also appear vividly on the page. The characters are extremely vivid and can be regarded as a masterpiece.
But the authors of this period fictionalized and symbolized the image of the red whisker girl, which was also a projection of the imprisonment of women's thoughts in this period .
By the Qing Dynasty, first of all, women's restraint was deeply ingrained. Secondly, the literary genre of this period was mainly rigid eight-part essay . This style had too many restrictions and it was difficult for literati to express themselves freely.
Again During this period, the rulers also created text prisons for political reasons, so there were very few literary works in this area in the Qing Dynasty.
In the end, the Qing Dynasty basically spent its time in war. In the early days, the Qing Dynasty expanded its territory and experienced a series of wars such as recovering Taiwan and rehabilitating the Junggar tribe.
By the late Qing Dynasty, China had experienced many wars, including the Opium War, the Sino-Japanese War, and the Sino-Japanese War. In the late Qing Dynasty, China had lost its complete independence and sovereignty, and suffered from internal and external troubles.
Under such circumstances, the literati of the Qing Dynasty did not have the leisure to praise the wise and discerning girl Hong Fu, nor did they yearn for the chivalrous and righteous heroes to come to their rescue.
During this period, the Qing Dynasty only had a decadent court, outdated weapons, people who had become numb under the persecution of opium, and great rivers and mountains full of desolation.
Conclusion:
Every Chinese should have a martial arts dream in their heart, and every Chinese should have a knight-errant who does justice, and should have a fantasy martial arts story.
is as free and bold as the bearded man, not constrained by trivial matters, as righteous, intelligent and brave as Li Jing, as discerning as the red-flecked girl, who bravely pursues her own happiness.
This is the unique romance of the Chinese people and our unique culture. We love reading this kind of novels and have a martial arts dream in our hearts.
But this does not mean that we should live in a fictional martial arts world. This kind of behavior is not recommended . However, in the world of martial arts, the gratification, loyalty, and tenderness of knights are exactly what contemporary people are missing.
We should be more enthusiastic, have the courage to help others, say no to illegal behaviors, and be calm and calm when facing danger to prevent ourselves and others from suffering more harm.
References:
"Novel of the Tang and Five Dynasties"
"The Romance of Su"
"The Story of the Red Fu"
