The magnificent revolutionary war has tempered the world-famous ten marshals. When they took over the letter of appointment from Chairman Mao, they were almost all in their prime and elegant style.
Unfortunately, time is ruthless. From Luo Ronghuan's first to tell others about the world in 1963, to Xu Xiangqian's end of his life in the early 1990s, the only ten famous marshals left were Nie Rongzhen, who was known as the "Confucian general".
The Party and the state leaders have always paid close attention to Nie Rongzhen's physical condition. They said that Nie Marshal's health is an important factor in the country's political stability. In 1990, Jiang Zemin visited Nie Rongzhen, who had just recovered from illness. When he left, he bowed to the people present and said:
"Now, only the marshal of our country is left. On behalf of the Party Central Committee, I ask you all to take good care of the old coach."
Don't forget to care about the scientific cause in the illness
"You must not be unconscious in times of peace, and you must not be careless if you hear it." This is a sentence that Nie Rongzhen often spoke in his later years. Nie Rongzhen was in love with the science career all his life, and even in his later years, he was still obsessed with it.
After the reform and opening up, with the continuous development of all aspects of our country, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of the general public for invention and creation, dozens of academicians and national leaders of the Chinese Academy of Sciences were established. After learning about this, Nie Rongzhen immediately gave enthusiastic support and happily agreed to serve as the honorary president of the association.
As early as 1956, Deng Xiaoping solicited Nie Rongzhen's opinions on work arrangements on behalf of the central government. Nie Rongzhen immediately stated that he was interested in scientific and technological work. Our country was too backward and urgently needed to carry out this work.
In this way, Nie Rongzhen was appointed Vice Premier of the State Council, taking over Chen Yi in charge of science and technology work.
pictures丨Nie Rongzhen accompanied Premier Zhou to meet with scientists
At that time, many comrades were worried about Nie Rongzhen's physical condition. The scientific and technological work was just starting, and they were very busy with work. They also had too many troubles when dealing with intellectuals. They persuaded Nie Rongzhen not to care about this matter. But Nie Rongzhen said that he is not afraid of trouble. In order to make the motherland prosperous and strong, he just needs to do scientific and technological work.
Change the backward appearance of China with science and technology is Nie Rongzhen's long-cherished wish in his youth. As early as 1919, Nie Rongzhen had the desire to "save the country through science" and traveled across the ocean to France to work and study. Later, when he came into contact with Marxism-Leninism , he gradually realized that some people mastered advanced science and technology and could not save China at that time.
The victory of the revolutionary war provided a great opportunity for Nie Rongzhen to realize his early wish. When he was the director of the National Science and Technology Commission, he also established the "Invention Bureau" to be in charge of the national invention and creation work.
985, the Chinese Association for Invention held its founding meeting in Great Hall of the People . Nie Rongzhen sent a congratulatory message to the conference, wishing the association "thriving and fruitful". When Nie Rongzhen's congratulatory message was read out, there was a long-lasting applause in the venue.
Although Nie Rongzhen had been sleeping for a long time at that time, he was still concerned about the work of the Invention Association. Whenever he heard that the association had achieved new achievements, Nie Rongzhen was always sincerely happy.
Once, a young inventor gave Nie Rongzhen a set of tea sauts he invented. Nie Rongzhen took it in a wheelchair and looked at it carefully, saying it was very good, and encouraged the inventor to continue working hard to contribute to the motherland with more inventions.
Picture丨Nie Rongzhen visited the industrial report exhibition in Tianjin
Although Nie Rongzhen's health is getting worse and worse, his mood for my country's science and technology industry has increased and continued to increase. After getting married, his daughter Nie Li has always lived with her parents. Whenever she gets home, her father will always ask questions about her, but the topic is always inseparable from scientific and technological work.
Especially when encountering major experiments, Nie Rongzhen was even more concerned. He is happier than anyone else when the experiment is successful; although the experiment is not smooth or fails, it will also show annoyance, but it is more encouraged.
1991, my country's first bundled launch vehicle was launched on Xichang . Due to a failure during the detection, it was delayed by several days compared with the original plan. At that time, in order not to let his father worry, Nie Li told him the truth in a realistic manner. Nie Rongzhen immediately arranged a secretary to write a letter, telling the leader of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission:
"It is right to postpone this for a few days. Be cautious, find out the cause clearly, and then launch it after the problem is solved."
Nie Rongzhen's instructions inspired the scientific and technological workers in Xichang.
Later, the rocket test was successfully launched. Nie Rongzhen immediately called to congratulate: " This is another innovation in the history of rocket development in my country! "
pic丨Nie Rongzhen and other leaders watched the 1059 missile ignition
Considering Nie Rongzhen's physical condition, the doctor asked him not to worry anymore, and be irritated anymore. Therefore, Nie Li and his wife and staff tried not to tell Nie Rongzhen about some things. But when Nie Rongzhen found out, he became a little angry and complained:
"No, we are 'waste', but 'waste' can still be used. I don't care about the matter anymore, but I have to worry about things, especially in science and technology."
Facing such an old man, Nie Li and his wife and staff felt both distressed and embarrassed.
992, my country was going to launch synchronous satellite for Australia. Nie Rongzhen paid close attention to it after knowing it, because this time he used the "Long March 2" bundled rocket. If it was successfully launched, it will also be used in the future to launch spacecraft, which will have a great impact on both international and domestic levels.
Nie Rongzhen's condition had significantly worsened at that time, Heart failure is quite serious, but he still asked about the launch every day. When he heard the news of the launch failure, Nie Rongzhen was silent for a long time. After a long time, he seemed to be talking to himself and asking the staff:
"Isn't everything well prepared? What is the reason for the problem?"
The staff could only answer that the reason was being investigated. The specific problem was not clear, so Nie Rongzhen stopped talking.
pic丨Nie Rongzhen, accompanied by Qian Xuesen, checked the preparations for the test of the two bombs
The next day, Nie Rongzhen's mood returned to normal and asked the staff to tell the National Defense Science and Technology Commission that the "Aoxing" problem should be carefully searched for the reasons and summarized the experience and lessons learned.
When I heard that the launch would be arranged again in a few months, Nie Rongzhen said thoughtfully: "Can I wait that day?"
Care and concern for old comrades-in-arms
In addition to caring about the country's scientific and technological work, Nie Rongzhen in his later years also cared for his old comrades-in-arms.
1986, when Liu Bocheng was dying, Nie Rongzhen rushed to the hospital to visit. When he saw Liu Bocheng, who was originally tall, curled up on the hospital bed, Nie Rongzhen's eyes were filled with tears. He bent down and held the brother's hand, speechless.
After returning home, Nie Rongzhen's mood could not calm down for a long time. She sat alone on the sofa and muttered to herself: "I think he is so tall next to Dadu River , but now, why is it just a little bit..."
However, a few days later, the news of Ye Jianying's critical illness came. Nie Rongzhen rushed to the hospital after hearing the news. After listening to the brief report of the vice president, Nie Rongzhen said with some reproach: "It's so serious, why did you tell me?"
pic丨Ye Jianying and Marshal Nie Rongzhen
Standing in front of Ye Jianying's bed, Nie Rongzhen gently held Marshal Ye's hand, and tears unconsciously slid down. Marshal Ye, who was already in a coma at that time, actually opened his eyes. When he saw Nie Rongzhen, his hand was also exerting force little by little.
The two old friends just shook their hands and said nothing, as if they realized that this was a farewell forever.
Old comrades passed away one by one, making Nie Rongzhen immersed in grief again and again.I was depressed for several days and couldn't eat. Later, a young nurse took a lot of effort to amuse Nie Rongzhen. When everyone saw that Nie Shuai smiled, they felt more at ease.
When Nie Rongzhen was 90 years old, the staff found a strange-shaped ashtray when helping him organize the storage room. Nie Rongzhen remembered that it was given to him by a foreigner when he visited Eastern Europe, but he did not smoke, so he had been on the spot for 40 years.
When the staff asked how to deal with this ashtray, Nie Rongzhen thought for a while and said, give it to Xiaoping. A few days later, Deng Xiaoping asked someone to call him and said that he used this ashtray very well, and thanked Mr. Nie for still thinking about him.
1990, 86-year-old Deng Xiaoping visited 91-year-old Nie Rongzhen. After meeting, the two brothers greeted each other intimately, sat together and stared at each other, their eyes full of concern. Deng Xiaoping said that 90 is victory. Nie Rongzhen smiled slightly after hearing this:
"Then I will be a victory!"
Picture丨Deng Xiaoping and Nie Rongzhen
After saying that, the two laughed, like a pair of naughty children. This is the last time they met. They seemed to have agreed that Nie Rongzhen lived to be 93 years old and Deng Xiaoping lived to be 93 years old.
According to Deng Xiaoping, both of them are "victors".
In February 11992, less than 3 months before Nie Rongzhen's death, he was thinking about Peng Zhen again, so he asked his secretary to call Mrs. Peng Zhen and asked her to greet her on his behalf. He also conveyed a few things to Peng Zhen:
1. There were only four or five party leaders who participated in the revolution during the Great Revolution. Please take care of yourself. Don't force yourself when you can't leave, but you can sit in the car and have someone push them away;
2. My heart disease has improved, but my stomach and intestines are not digested well. Thank you Comrade Peng Zhen for your concern;
3. I am 93 years old and have been in the party for 70 years. I still want to live a few more days to see the development of the socialist motherland;
4. I have lived without regrets and died without hatred;
5. There are too many things published now, and there are all things that can be discussed in the same matter. Let others comment on them.
Speaking of the relationship between the two, it was first traced back to 1931, when Peng Zhen was arrested and imprisoned. Although Nie Rongzhen had never met Peng Zhen at that time, he still tried every means to rescue him and sent someone to give him money and goods.
938, Peng Zhen, on behalf of Northern Bureau, led Jinchaji Border Region , and assisted Nie Rongzhen in guiding the party work in Jinchaji and other places. Later, Peng Zhen began to serve as the secretary of the Jin-Cha-Hebei Branch, and Nie Rongzhen served as a member. One of them presided over the party's work and the other in charge of military affairs. They fought side by side for three years.
Photo丨Nie Rongzhen, Peng Zhen and others took a group photo in Fuping County, the Jin-Chahebei base
1 In early 941, Peng Zhen went to Yan'an to participate in the "Seventh National Congress", and Nie Rongzhen became the acting branch secretary. Although the two were separated at work, the fighting friendship remained for the rest of their lives.
Before the founding of New China, Nie Rongzhen appointed mayor of Peking . Later, Peng Zhen took over the leadership position of mayor of Beijing from Nie Rongzhen. After Nie Rongzhen led the national science and technology work, Peng Zhen gave Nie Rongzhen firm support in overcoming the difficulties of " two bombs ".
988, Deng Xiaoping took the initiative to ask for his retreat. After Nie Rongzhen learned about it, he exchanged opinions with Peng Zhen and agreed that Deng Xiaoping could not retreat yet and firmly supported Deng Xiaoping's leadership to work for a few more years.
Nie Rongzhen was sick and unable to move in his later years, so Peng Zhen often visited Nie Shuai's house. Every time Peng Zhen comes back from investigation and research, he always reports to Nie Rongzhen and exchanges opinions. Later, after Peng Zhen fell ill, the two elderly people could not have a heart-to-heart talk, and the secretary or family members walked around and visited.
Originally, the two old men agreed to stay together for a while when the weather was a little hot in 1992, but unexpectedly it became a bubble and a regret for the two old men throughout their lives.
Don’t forget to care about your hometown and people before your death
1992, after an assessment of Nie Rongzhen’s physical condition, the doctor warned Nie Rongzhen’s family that he must give Nie Marshal Nie to rest absolutely, not read newspapers and watch news, or listen to reports. After Nie Rongzhen found out, he said that he had a revolution in his life, how could he do nothing but rest. Instead of letting himself think about it, it would be better to tell him something.
With the continuous reflection of family members, the doctor "compromised" and stipulated that no reports could be heard, but they could read the news and listen to the documents, and it was not allowed to exceed half an hour every day.
pic丨90-year-old Nie Rongzhen
htmlIn April, the doctor issued a notice of the condition, Nie Rongzhen had heart failure, was in critical condition, and an accident could occur at any time. Jiang Zemin then called Nie Li and asked her to actively mobilize her father to be hospitalized for treatment, but it should not be forced. Since he was going to visit Japan, he could not come to visit, so he could only greet him.
Since Nie Rongzhen was unwilling to go to the hospital, the doctors had to do a good job in rescue work at home. With the approval of the central leaders, the staff of the office began to prepare for the funeral.
htmlOn April 12, after Nie Li left home at work, Nie Rongzhen called the two old secretaries to his side, saying that he might not be able to overcome this level. He took advantage of his clear mind and left a few words as a parting last words. After Nie Li got off work, he heard what his father left on the tape recorder and couldn't help sobbing.
Although my father's voice was intermittent, it was very logical. It was obviously thoughtful and Nie Rongzhen was calmly arranging his funeral.
Another month later, Nie Rongzhen felt that his health was even worse, so he told his secretary, "My funeral arrangements should be simple and follow the central government's instructions."
pic丨Nie Rongzhen took a photo with his daughter and granddaughter
days later, on the morning of May 14, the guard staff read the newspaper to Nie Rongzhen as usual. When he heard a spring rain relieved the drought in the north, Nie Rongzhen said happily: "That's good, food is the most important thing for the people." In the afternoon, the secretary gave Nie Rongzhen a briefing on the situation in Taiwan. Nie Rongzhen said:
"The unification of the cross-strait is the general trend, it is just a matter of time. ' One country, Two Systems ' is the best form."
That afternoon, the leaders of Nie Rongzhen's hometown held a symposium in Beijing, asking everyone to make suggestions for the development of Jiangjin . Nie Li was invited to attend the meeting. After the meeting, he originally prepared a light meal for the participants, but Nie Li took a photo with Jiang Jin's comrades and left the venue after considering that his father was in poor health.
It was already dinner time when he got home. Nie Rongzhen thought his daughter had come back after dinner, and joked that her good taste was so good, but Nie Li told him that he had not eaten.
"Why don't you eat it?" Nie Rongzhen asked. Nie Li said he wanted to rush back to see him. After listening to it, Nie Rongzhen smiled happily and asked about the meeting in the afternoon. After listening to Nie Li's story, Nie Rongzhen said:
"It means reform, openness, or Jiangjin cannot develop."
Picture丨Nie Rongzhen took a photo with his wife and daughter at home
Speaking of his hometown, Nie Rongzhen showed a strong homesickness and gasped and said that there is a specialty of Jiangjin called Mihua Candy , but because the packaging cannot be put on, it has been unable to make any sales channels. He also said that if the product is to be put out, it must be improved in the packaging.
Nie Li thought to himself, my father's body is like this and he is still worried. He persuaded him to have a good rest. After dinner, the whole family accompanied Nie Rongzhen to watch the news broadcast. When it was almost 8 o'clock, they accompanied him to watch the video of "Animal World".
Nie Rongzhen likes animals and watches them with relish. As a result, after half an hour of watching, the doctor reminded him not to watch them anymore, so Nie Li turned off the TV with the remote control.
Nie Rongzhen didn't know there was a remote control, but saw that the TV suddenly had no images, and he said in confusion why he turned off before the show was finished. Family members said they only performed half of the show today and watched the next half tomorrow.
Then everyone chatted with Nie Rongzhen casually and told him about some of the situation outside. Nie Rongzhen said that he should build more plastic greenhouses to solve the problem of difficulty in eating vegetables for the people. Everyone told him that all levels were catching the " vegetable basket project ". Nie Rongzhen nodded with satisfaction after hearing this.
:30 Nurse takes care of Nie Rongzhen to wash up. Nie Rongzhen called the secretary who was about to leave and asked them when the military selection will be published. If 12 telegrams from the Red Army period were collected, they will be included. The secretary replied that he had included it all and could be published before the Army Day.
pictures丨Nie Rongzhen’s family photo
Nie Rongzhen nodded. After the secretary left, Nie Rongzhen said to his wife and Nie Li and his wife: “You go back and rest too. You have to go to work tomorrow, and I’m fine here. ”
This is the last sentence Nie Rongzhen said during his lifetime. More than half an hour later, Nie Rongzhen did not snort or say a word, and left peacefully in his sleep without realizing it.
According to Nie Rongzhen's last wish, part of the ashes were scattered under a pine and cypress tree in Babaoshan, and the other part was sent to the Martyrs Cemetery of Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
The last marshal of the Republic went forever, but the great achievements he made for the New China will always be engraved in the history of the Republic.
