Taiwu , oracle bone inscriptions are Dataiwu , Tianwu , Zi's surname, name is 门, grandson of Shang King Taijia , son of Taigeng, younger brother of Xiao Jia and Yongji, Shang Dynasty monarch, reigned for 75 years.
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Taiwu inherited the throne after his brother Yongji died. After Taiwu succeeded to the throne, Yi Zhi, the son of Yi Yin, was appointed to serve as the prime minister. According to legend, in the seventh year of Taiwu, there were strange mulberry tree and mulberry tree in Bo land, and they grew as big as a second-hand hug overnight. Taiwu was afraid, so he asked the Prime Minister Yi Zhi. Yi Zhi said: "I have heard that demons and ghosts cannot defeat those with virtue. It is probably because of the faults of the king in governing the government, so demons and ghosts appear. If the king is good at governing the Tao and governing the people with virtue, he will naturally be exempted from disasters." Taiwu obeyed his words, and the strange mulberry tree really died.
Later, Taiwu appointed Wu Xian to assist in the government affairs. Wu Xian made great achievements in governing the Wang family's affairs, so he wrote "Xian Ai" and "Taiwu". "Xian Ai" summarizes Wu Xian's experience in assisting political affairs, and "Tai Wu" records the history of the Tai Wu period, and both books have been lost today. Taiwu once praised Yi Zhi in the ancestral temple and did not treat him as a minister. Yi Zhi was humble and wrote "Original Life", hoping that Taiwu could carry forward the kingly ways of Xia Yu and Shang Tang . With the assistance of Yi Zhi and Wu Xian, Taiwu, the Shang Dynasty, which had originally begun to decline, flourished again, and the princes surrendered to the Shang Dynasty.
During the Taiwu period, the officials of the Shang Dynasty included internal servants who served in the Chinese and Korean governments and external servants who were named Wangji . The highest government official is the "prince" (also known as "A, Bao, Yin") who assists Shang Wang in making decisions. Senior officials of the dynasty were collectively called ministers. The three ministers are a noble title set for people and are not permanent. In addition, there are "history" in charge of divination, sacrifice, and records, "divine" in charge of divination, "blessings" in charge of praying to ghosts and gods, "pamphlets" in charge of recording and keeping classics (also known as Tibetan history and inner history), the commander of military officers, and the commander of the Taishi and the master of music.
During the Taiwu period, on the basis of the development of agricultural and handicraft production, and as some labor within various production departments became increasingly consolidated and complicated, the commerce of Shang Dynasty also developed to a certain extent. After Zhou destroyed Shang, according to Zhou Gong, some of the people in the Yin people were "successful in the carriage, oxen, and obeyed the family, and used filial piety to support their parents." These people are merchants engaged in long-distance trafficking trade activities.
During the Taiwu period, the economy of the Shang Dynasty showed great development compared with Xia Dynasty : the scale of agricultural production is quite large, and the crops grown include millet, sorghum, rice, wheat, etc. The animal husbandry industry is developed, and six livestock are raised, and hundreds or even thousands of domestic animals are used for sacrifices. bronze casting, jade making and wine making are very developed. Business has developed to a certain level, and transactions use sea shell , bone shell , jade shell and copper shell , etc. as currencies. During the Shang Dynasty, the agricultural tools used in the Shang Dynasty were generally believed to be mainly made of stones, bones and clams, shovels, axes, sickles, knives, etc. Occasionally, some bronze tools such as copper turtles, copper shovels, , etc., but they are not necessarily used in agricultural production.
The word "field in oracle bone inscription" indicates that there are large blocks of connected blocks of mature fields in Guangping. The word "Zeng" in the oracle bone inscription "Zengli" symbolizes the fields that measure and draw boundaries. The word "Zeng" in "field" is like the turning point of plowing in the fields, which will certainly not be cultivated extensively. These block fields that have been cultivated well and have irrigation ditches after Xinjiang rectification rules are the later well field .
These fields are mainly distributed near capitals, directly occupied by the Shang kings and lords, and are also distributed to close relatives and nobles. Other nobles also operated such lands in fiefs, but the scale was smaller. Outside the capital, the Shang king often sent his subjects to relatively remote places to reclaim land.
During the Taiwu period, the development of casting workshops and handicraft production in the Shang Dynasty was more prominent than that in agriculture. Among them, the high development of bronze smelting technology and bronze manufacturing technology further reflects the technical level of handicrafts at that time and the characteristics of the times.There are bronze casting workshops dedicated to the royal family at Yinxu and Zhengzhou Mall ruins. At that time, there was a relatively meticulous division of labor in these workshops, and there were generations of craftsmen who were good at specializing in production. The large scale of production and the high level of skills were rare in the world at that time.
Taiwu died in his reign for 75 years and was the longest-reigning monarch of the Shang Dynasty. After Taiwu's death, he was buried in Taiwu Mausoleum (on the east side of Liucifan Village, Bocheng Township, Neihuang County, Henan Province today. The tomb is located on an ancient cultural site, also known as the "Liucifan Site". It is the only Shang Dynasty royal tomb in China.
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