1989 early morning on November 9, 2019, before dawn, the drizzle of floating drizzle had moistened the earth of late autumn. Deng Xiaoping had already gotten up on time, had breakfast on time as usual, and then sat down to read books, newspapers and documents.
At around 9 o'clock in the morning, Deng Xiaoping's office director Wang Ruilin came. He reported to Deng Xiaoping some of the situations of the Party Central Committee plenary session on the ongoing party. After reading relevant documents and discussions, the comrades attending the meeting gradually understood Deng Xiaoping's determination and significance for requesting retirement. Many comrades said a lot of emotional and heartfelt words in their speeches. The plenary session will be voted this afternoon and will be announced by the news in the evening.
Deng Xiaoping said happily after hearing this: "Anyway, this thing can be done!"
Deng Xiaoping in his later years
Deng Xiaoping had a long idea of retirement. When he made his third comeback in 1977, he believed that members of the central leadership team were generally old and it was very important to make a good alternation between the old and new leadership teams. He once said in his speech: "The problem we are facing now is that we lack a group of young, strong and professional knowledgeable cadres. Without such a group of cadres, the four modernizations cannot be done. Our old comrades must be clear that the selection of successors cannot be delayed. Otherwise, the four modernizations will become empty talk."
But if the old cadres who have just resumed their work retreated suddenly, the old cadres themselves are not very easy to accept, and objectively, there will be a problem of cadre disconnection. Therefore, a transitional approach is needed to resolve this increasingly prominent contradiction. Finally, Deng Xiaoping creatively proposed a solution to establishing an "advisory committee".
Deng Xiaoping considered this: the consultant did not take up his current position, so that he could give up his position to young people who were loyal to the "Four Modernizations"; the consultant was another position, and its level was no lower than that of the members of the Party Committee at the same level. It would be easier to do the work. In this way, the successors work on the front line, while the old comrades use their experience as advisers on the second line, and guide them when necessary, and replace them if they find that the selection is inappropriate. In this way, as long as the young people mature, the consulting system will be automatically cancelled and the old and new can be successfully completed.
982, the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. In accordance with the provisions of the new Party Constitution, the 12th National Congress elected the Central Advisory Committee. Deng Xiaoping was elected as the director of the advisory committee. He said at the meeting: "The Central Advisory Committee is a new thing. The purpose is to make the Central Committee younger and to allow old comrades to continue to play a certain role after withdrawing from the front line. The Advisory Committee is such an organization. It can be imagined that after another 10 years, we should not exceed 15 years at most, and cancel this advisory committee." After the establishment of the Central Advisory Committee, as Deng Xiaoping expected, it played a good transitional role in the renewal of leading cadres.
987, before the "th National Congress ", in order to continue to promote the younger generation of leading cadres, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun, Li Xiannian and others jointly agreed to "retreat together, and once they retreat to the end, they will withdraw from the Central Committee and no longer hold any positions." But many old comrades expressed their unacceptance. For example, when Nie Rongzhen learned about this, he said:
is now a transition period, and the situation is still unstable. Deng Xiaoping may not participate in the Standing Committee, but he cannot retreat completely. He must be the chairman of the Military Commission for a few years. Because the million-dollar disarmament has just been underway, the ideas of grassroots troops are not very stable. If Deng Xiaoping also retreats, how can he order the entire army to be ordered? Only he can suppress it, and the army will not be in chaos when he is there. So, he can't retreat all.
Deng Xiaoping and Nie Rongzhen
Finally, after repeated discussions and soliciting opinions from multiple parties, the central government decided that Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and Li Xiannian would "half withdraw" and that is, they would withdraw from the Central Committee of the Party, but they still retained certain positions. Deng Xiaoping continued to serve as Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Chen Yun served as Director of the Central Advisory Committee, and Li Xiannian served as Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
In June 1989, after the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, the third generation of central leadership collective with Jiang Zemin as the core was established, and Deng Xiaoping could finally retreat with confidence.
htmlOn September 4, Deng Xiaoping solemnly submitted a report to the Politburo requesting retirement, demanding that "full retirement" be achieved. On that day, Deng Xiaoping invited Jiang Zemin and other leaders to his home to discuss his retirement matters. He said, "A clean, neat and simple way is to approve my request and say a few words. My retirement method must be simplified, and the funeral after death must be simplified. Please."
Deng Xiaoping also explained his post arrangements after retirement. He looked around at the central leadership team that had just formed less than 100 days, and finally turned his attention to Jiang Zemin and said, "The Military Commission needs a chairman. First, we must determine the chairman of the Party’s Military Commission, and at the same time we must also determine the chairman of the State Military Commission. I suggest that Comrade Jiang Zemin be the chairman of the Military Commission."
Deng Xiaoping and his grandsons
At this time, Deng Xiaoping also smiled and said, "After retirement, my ultimate wish is to live a real civilian life, and live a simpler life. You can go out to the streets and visit everywhere."
Granddaughter Mimian smiled and said, "Grandpa is really idealistic!"
At 3 pm, the Fifth Session of the 13th Central Committee voted and passed Deng Xiaoping's request to resign from the Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. Deng Xiaoping then took a bus to Great Hall of the People . He shook hands with the comrades attending the meeting one by one and said to everyone excitedly: "Thank you for your understanding and support for me. The plenary session accepted my request for retirement. Thank you sincerely for your plenary session, and thank you comrades!" When
Before leaving, Jiang Zemin told Deng Xiaoping: "I will devote my whole life to you until I die." The two of them held hands tightly...
During dinner that night, Deng Xiaoping's four grandsons and granddaughters prepared a special gift for him - a greeting card they made by themselves. Deng Xiaoping opened it and saw four bows on the four corners of the greeting card, representing themselves, and a red heart was drawn in the middle, representing the children's hearts. The greeting card also reads correctly: "May grandpa be as young as us forever!"
The news broadcast that night also officially broadcasted the news of Deng Xiaoping's retirement:
From November 6 to 9, the Fifth Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. The plenary session discussed and passed the "Decision of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Agreeing to Comrade Deng Xiaoping's resignation as Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China." The plenary session highly praised Deng Xiaoping's outstanding contributions to the establishment of our party and country.
After Deng Xiaoping retired, he was still paying attention to the establishment of the cadre retirement system. In 1992, he visited South and put forward a series of opinions on major international and domestic issues, including the rejuvenation of cadres, and made a comprehensive and final explanation.
Also in 1992, the Central Advisory Committee officially completed its historical tasks. The 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided not to establish the Central Advisory Committee, and expressed their sincere gratitude and high respect to the Central Advisory Committee and the old comrades, which marked the comprehensive establishment of the retirement system of Chinese cadres.
Deng Gong has been around forever!
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