text: Youran Reading
Li Shanchang, whose courtesy name is Baishi, was born in 1314, from Dingyuan, Haozhou. " Ming History " records that he "has wise and wise in his study, and has learned the words of the Legalists, and has many strategies."
Cheng Wanjun commented on this passage in "The Bureau of the Ming Dynasty" and said, "'Learn the Legalist' is a keyword. It shows that Li Shanchang is not a traditional Confucian scholar, but a scholar who is deeply influenced by Legalist thought. Generally, people who learn from the Legalist advocate strict punishment and cruel laws and are good at "killing swords" for emperors. Most of them can be appreciated by political strongmen - monarchs."
Li Shanchang
Zhu Yuanzhang Shortly after the rise of the army, Li Shanchang defected to Zhu Yuanzhang. "The History of Ming Dynasty: Biography of Li Shanchang" records, "If you know that you are the elder in the village, you should respect him and stay in charge of the secretary." At that time, Li Shanchang was 42 years old. Zhu Yuanzhang treated him with the courtesy of an elder and asked him to stay by his side to take charge of the documents.
Soon, Li Shanchang showed his extraordinary talent.
Li Shanchang followed Zhu Yuanzhang to capture Chuzhou , participated in the decision-making of major affairs, and was responsible for the supply of materials for the army. He was very trusted by Zhu Yuanzhang.
The generals came to surrender, and Li Shanchang inspected their talents and reported to Zhu Yuanzhang; expressed his affection to the surrenderers for Zhu Yuanzhang to make them feel at ease; some people disagree and conflicts arise, and Li Shanchang tried to mediate from it.
Guo Zixing listened to rumors and suspected Zhu Yuanzhang and deprived him of his military power. He wanted to take Li Shanchang from Zhu Yuanzhang, but Li Shanchang firmly refused. Zhu Yuanzhang relied heavily on him.
Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Jilongshanzhai and left only a small amount of troops for Li Shanchang to stay in Heyang. Li Shanchang set up an ambush and defeated the Yuan army that came to attack, showing his excellent military talent.
After Zhu Yuanzhang obtained the Chaohu Navy, Li Shanchang strongly agreed to cross the river. After conquering the quarrying, Zhu Yuanzhang led his army to the peace. Li Shanchang wrote the list in advance, strictly prohibiting soldiers from violating military discipline. When Taiping City was captured, Li Shanchang immediately posted the list on the road with all connections, and the army was in order and without any violation.
Li Shanchang in film and television works
"The Bureau of the Ming Emperor" lists the process of Li Shanchang's continuous promotion with the development of Zhu Yuanzhang. "Zhu Yuanzhang was appointed as the Grand Marshal of Taiping Xingguo Yi, and Li Shanchang was appointed as the capital of the Marshal's Office. Zhu Yuanzhang was appointed as the Secretariat of the Secretariat of the Central Secretariat of Jiangnan , and he used him as the senator. The military advances and retreats, and rewards and punishments were mostly decided by him. Later, Privy Council was changed to Grand Governor's Office , and Li Shanchang was also the Sima of the Grand Governor's Office and was promoted to provincial General Secretary . Zhu Yuanzhang established himself as the King of Wu, and Li Shanchang was appointed as the right prime minister."
Li Shanchang was well-versed in allusions, made quick decisions, and was good at resigning. Zhu Yuanzhang led his army to fight, and the capital ordered Li Shanchang to stay, the generals and officials obeyed, and the residents were at peace, and there was never a shortage of military pay and food pay for the soldiers on the front line.
Li Shanchang proposed to sell salt from Lianghuai and establish a tea method. Restoring the money-making method, mining and smelting iron, and formulating fish taxes, the country's wealth is growing and the people are no longer in poverty.
In September of the first year of Wu (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang discussed his merits of pacifying Wu and appointed Li Shanchang as Duke of Xuan. The official system was changed, with the left as the big one, and Li Shanchang was the left prime minister , ranking first among all officials.
Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang
"The Bureau of the Ming Emperor" says, "Li Shanchang and Zhu Yuanzhang are quite close. When Zhu Yuanzhang conquered the world, he had not established Ming Dynasty , Li Shanchang was always there." "Later, Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty and was particularly emphasized when he was appointed as an official that although Li Shanchang did not have great military achievements on the front line battlefield, he was in charge of the rear, had outstanding achievements, and was in the meritorious officials. It is unique. It can be said that Li Shanchang made great contributions to the establishment of the Ming Dynasty and Zhu Yuanzhang's ascension to the throne. "
In the third year of Hongwu (1370), Zhu Yuanzhang was awarded a great meritorious official and highly praised Li Shanchang: "Although Shanchang has no hard work, he has served me for a long time and has given military food, and has made great contributions. He should be awarded the title of a great country." Li Shanchang was awarded the founding assistant official of the founding of the country, and was specially promoted to the Guanglu Dafu, Zuozhuguo, Taishi, and Zuo Prime Minister, and was granted the title of Han Gong, with an annual salary of 4,000 stones, and his descendants were inherited. He also granted an iron coupon to prevent Li Shanchang from dying twice and his son from dying one. At that time, there were six people who were named Duke, and Li Shanchang ranked first. In the edict, he was compared to , Xiao He , and he was highly praised.
However, just one year passed, Zhu Yuanzhang's attitude towards Li Shanchang was very different.
"The Bureau of the Ming Emperor" says, "This is also related to Li Shanchang's style. Historical books describe Li Shanchang, 'being peaceful outside and being humble inside'. After becoming the leader of the ministers, he became increasingly self-centered. As long as someone offended his authority a little, he would be convicted and demoted. This conflicted with Zhu Yuanzhang's will to specialize in governance."
film and television works
Under the instruction of Zhu Yuanzhang, Hu Weiyong advised Li Shanchang to abdicate and go home to recuperate. So in the fourth year of Hongwu, Li Shan left and returned home. In July of the sixth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Hu Weiyong as the right prime minister, and Hu Weiyong gradually replaced Li Shanchang's position.
Li Shanchang made too much contribution. Zhu Yuanzhang often felt that he was very successful and overwhelmed. His suspicious personality made Zhu Yuanzhang uneasy to stay by his side no matter what. In addition, Li Shanchang and Hu Weiyong both belong to the Huaixi Party. Relying on Hu Weiyong to squeeze out Li Shanchang can also prevent Huaixi from becoming the dominant party.
Li Shanchang has been with Zhu Yuanzhang for many years. No matter what, the relationship between the two is still there. Zhu Yuanzhang sometimes activated Li Shanchang and sometimes suppressed him, and Li Shanchang was indescribable.
After Li Shanchang resigned in the fourth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang gave him several hectares of land, set up 150 grave-guarding households, 1,500 tenants and 20 guards of honor.
A year later, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Li Shanchang to be responsible for the construction of Linhao Palace, migrate 140,000 rich people in Jiangnan to Haozhou to cultivate, and let Li Shanchang manage them and stay in Haozhou for several years.
In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374), Zhu Yuanzhang promoted Li Shanchang's younger brother Li Cunyi to the 3rd Chief of Taipu Temple, and Li Cunyi's sons Li Shen and Li You were promoted to officials.
Princess Lin'an in film and television works
In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), Zhu Yuanzhang married Princess Lin'an to Li Shanchang's son Li Qi and was awarded the title of Prince Consort. The Li family was favored again and was prominent for a while, and many people were extremely envious.
However, just one month after Li Qi married the princess, the censor Wang Guangyang and Chen Ning submitted a memorial saying: "Li Shanchang is favored by himself. Your Majesty cannot attend court for almost ten days due to illness, so he will not come to greet him. The son-in-law Li Qi did not come to pay tribute to him for six days. He summoned him to the front of the palace and did not plead guilty. This is a great disrespect to Your Majesty." Li Shanchang was convicted and his annual salary was cut off by 1,800 stones.
Wang Guangyang in film and television works
Zhu Yuanzhang is really quicker than turning a book. If you are happy, you will appreciate it. If you are unhappy, you will punish it.
"The Emperor of Ming Dynasty" also records such a story. Once, Li Shanchang was ordered to go to Peking to do business, and after that, he returned to Guazhou to rest. Unexpectedly, the emperor's envoy said that the imperial edict taught you to live back to Fengyang. It should be noted that Guazhou is located in Gansu, while Fengyang is far away in Anhui, and the two places are far apart. Zhu Yuanzhang even had to specify where Li Shanchang rested, no matter how hard you were. This shows that Zhu Yuanzhang must control his ministers in every way before he can feel at ease.
In the 18th year of Hongwu, someone reported that Li Shanchang's younger brother Li Cunyi was a member of Hu Weiyong. "The Bureau of the Ming Emperor" says that Zhu Yuanzhang killed Li Cunyi. There is also a saying that Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict to exempt them from death and placed them in Chongming, but Li Shanchang did not express his gratitude. Zhu Yuanzhang therefore held a grudge and planted the seeds that eventually killed Li Shanchang.
In the 23rd year of Hongwu, someone reported that Li Shanchang was involved in Hu Weiyong's rebellion. Zhu Yuanzhang asked someone to interrogate Li Shanchang in detail, but there was no clear evidence. Later, Li Shanchang's slave was interrogated and told him that Li Shanchang had said, "I am old, I die, you will do it yourself." Based on this sentence, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Li Shanchang to be dealt with for treason.
Li Shanchang in film and television works
Li Shanchang was already seventy-seven years old at that time, and everyone thought that Zhu Yuanzhang would not bear to take action. However, Zhu Yuanzhang still ordered Li Shanchang to be sentenced to death, and the crime was that "he knew that he would not make any plans, he was suspicious and waited for two parts, and he was very ruthless." Li Shanchang's family's wife, children, and children were also executed.
In this way, Li Shanchang, who had outstanding achievements in the Ming Dynasty, was suspicious of Zhu Yuanzhang and because Zhu Yuanzhang was unwilling to have a high-powered person in the court to influence him to control his power. He was killed by Zhu Yuanzhang on an ambiguous charge of knowing and not reporting the information.
The book "The Bureau of the Ming Emperor" explains in detail about Li Shanchang's fate of ups and downs throughout his life. "The Bureau of Emperor Ming" tells the story of the Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang and the Ming Chengzu Zhu Di through the layout of the entire court, achieving the purpose of setting rules for the Ming Dynasty's officialdom. The political pattern of "respecting the king and being inferior to the ministers" in the Ming Dynasty, the formation of strange scholars and officials, and the disastrous Chinese scholars in modern times, all had a lot to do with the Second Patriarch of the Ming Dynasty. Through this book, readers can solve the mystery of the causes of "strange Ming Dynasty scholars and officials".
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