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A country wants to be recognized by the international community, diplomacy is an indispensable part. In China's modern diplomatic history, Premier Zhou has definitely made a significant contribution and made great contributions to the diplomacy of New China.
Premier Zhou
Not only relied on his wisdom to resolve many difficulties from the media in Western countries, but also led China's diplomatic team through outstanding talents to open up a new path for the new China internationally under the Cold War pattern of the Soviet Union and the United States.
First appearing on the international stage
Weak countries have no diplomacy. If they want to achieve certain diplomacy, national strength is a very important factor.
This is the first time that the New China has appeared on the international diplomatic stage as the five major countries of the United Nations, and all of this is what we have fought hard with national strength.
Speaking of this, we have to mention the Korean War, which is called the "Fight of Founding the Country". On July 27, 1953, the Chinese volunteer army for resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea relied on its own to make the United States, the world power at that time, choose to sign the armistice agreement.
Korean War
On February 8, 1954, in order to peacefully resolve the problems of the Korean Peninsula and Indochina, the four foreign ministers of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France reached an agreement and decided to convene the Geneva meeting. China was invited as expected.
The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to this international conference and strives to leave a good impression on China internationally through this conference, so that more countries can recognize the existence of the new China from now on.
Premier was ordered to take the diplomatic team carefully selected by the central government and arrived at Geneva on the afternoon of April 24 of the same year on a special plane.
In fact, Western countries are also very curious about China, so as soon as Premier Zhou and his group got off the plane, they attracted many reporters to flock.
Prince Zhou
In interviews with the masses, Premier Zhou spoke well and behaved properly. His personal charm conquered everyone's hearts, except for the United States.
Because of the Korean War, from the United States representative Dulles to the United States journalists, they are all hostile to China.
Once, an American journalist took the initiative to shake hands with Premier Zhou when interviewing Premier Zhou. Out of politeness, Premier Zhou shook hands with the other party friendly. Unexpectedly, this American reporter deliberately took out his handkerchief and kept wiping his hands, as if he had suffered a grievance from shaking hands with Premier Zhou.
There were many media reporters from other countries present at the time. They were all watching Premier Zhou's reaction and wanted to know what Premier Zhou would do next.
Premier Zhou also guessed that the intention of the American reporter to do this was nothing more than to take the opportunity to make trouble. If he was angry on the spot, he would leave a handle for the other party to attack China. After figuring out the other party's intentions, Premier Zhou easily counterattacked with one move.
Premier Zhou
saw him slowly take out the handkerchief he carried with him, wiped his hands, and threw it into the trash can and said, "It's a pity that this handkerchief can no longer be washed." After that, he didn't give the reporter time to react and left, leaving everyone with endless space for imagination.
American reporters failed to steal chickens and lost rice. They never dared to act evil again and left in shame.
However, this is just the beginning, and Dulles or the United States behind him is obviously much more difficult to deal with than journalists. As an attempt by the international community to handle international disputes through peaceful means, the
Geneva Conference is undoubtedly quite meaningful. But in the actual operation, the meeting almost failed because of the Americans' unrest.
Week Premier led a Chinese government delegation to attend the Geneva meeting
It is a fact that the United States wants to establish its dominance in the world, which is long acknowledged. But China actually caused the United States to suffer a great loss on the Korean battlefield. How could it be willing?
At the same time, it is unwilling to give up North Korea easily. If North Korea completely joins the main camp of society after its unification, wouldn’t it give the United States another enemy in the world?
Therefore, the US delegation naturally wanted to undermine the peace agenda of the Korean Peninsula. It did not agree to withdraw its troops from the Korean Peninsula, nor did it agree to allow the Korean Peninsula to conduct independent elections, which directly led to the failure of the first issue of the National Ten Thousand Conference within the day.
. The United States also did not play a good role in the dispute on the Indochina Peninsula, another issue of the meeting.
As a former French colony, the three countries that were colonized in the Indochina region hope to end France's colonial rule and achieve national unity and national independence.
The United States still unconditionally supports France to continue colonial rule for the purpose of not wanting to expand the socialist camp. The Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov , who is in charge of this issue, is rigid in his work and does not know how to adapt, which directly puts the Geneva meeting in a stagnation.
Everyone knows that continuing the stalemate will only end in failure in the Geneva meeting, but no one can handle the deadlock.
Geneva Conference
World Premier Zhou showed his outstanding talent at this time, and he began to actively coordinate the relations between France and Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Let them make concessions under conditions that are acceptable to each other.
also because of this opportunity, Premier Zhou began to have frequent contact with French representatives, laying the foundation for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France in . In 1964, China and France officially established diplomatic relations, and France became the first Western country to establish diplomatic relations with China.
came back to the Geneva meeting, and Premier Zhou also came up with a way to deal with the United States.
During the meeting, Premier Zhou accepted interviews from more than 40 countries, intentionally or unintentionally mentioning the United States' intentional disruption of peace in Indochina, forcing the United States to compromise under the pressure of public opinion.
954 On July 21, 1954, the countries participating in the meeting jointly signed the "Last Declaration of the Geneva Conference", which also allowed the people of the world to see the style China should have when facing international disputes as a big country. Banlong Conference Turning the tide
After the success of the Geneva Conference, Prime Minister Zhou was not complacent. He knew very well that this was just the first step of the Long March and there was still a long way to go in the future.
The Cold War pattern still exists, and the Sino-Soviet contradictions have gradually surfaced. Between the two major powers, China must find a new way out, which can not only establish its international status, but also ensure China's peaceful development.
In terms of diplomatic practices, China chose to cooperate with third world countries and form a new force. And it all starts with the Bandung Conference.
Weekly Premier attended the Bandung Conference
After the end of World War II, a large number of Asian and African countries embarked on the road of national independence. However, in the polar opposite world pattern, how to protect their own country's rights and interests without harm has become a challenge for all emerging countries, including New China.
953, the Prime Minister of Indonesia proposed the idea of convening a meeting of Asian and African countries. hopes to use this to unite Asian and African countries and build together to survive. 954, this idea was called reality. Twenty-nine Asian and African countries gathered together to formally hold the Bandung Conference. As the largest country in Asia, New China is naturally also present. This meeting is very important for the New China. If our country can gain recognition from Asian and African countries at the Bandung Conference, it will surely push the diplomacy of the New China to a new height.
Because of this, China once again aroused the fear of the United States and wanted to destroy it. To this end, the United States has formulated two plans, one is to assassinate Premier Zhou, and the other is to incite the hatred of Asian and African countries towards our country.
Premier Zhou delivered a speech at the Bandung Conference
It is really scary to say about the first plan.As the mainstay of the New China, Premier Zhou is the top priority for the New China. Once they succeed, it will be an irreversible disaster for our country and people.
At that time, Premier Zhou's itinerary was to leave from Hong Kong and take a plane to Jakarta .
On this way, the United States and Chiang Kai-shek installed Kuomintang spies at Hong Kong Airport , dressed up as a cleaning agent, and installed an bomb under the right wing of the plane that Premier Zhou was about to take.
5 hours after the plane took off, the bomb exploded, and a total of 11 members of the Chinese delegation died, and only three crew members survived on the entire plane. After the news of the accident in
was spread to Indonesia, it immediately attracted great attention. The Indonesian government immediately contacted the Indian Airlines and the Chinese government, and everyone was afraid of learning about the accident in Premier Zhou.
Fortunately, our country has been prepared for it. Before the accident, the central government intercepted a piece of intelligence and learned that a Kuomintang spy would destroy Premier Zhou's travel plan. It happened that Premier Zhou was unable to board the plane as planned due to appendicitis surgery. The central government originally wanted to prevent other Hong Kong personnel from boarding the plane, but due to the restrictions on communication conditions, the plane had already taken off when we got in touch, causing a tragedy in .
Premier Zhou was very angry. Someone advised him to cancel the itinerary. Premier Zhou refused sternly. It was precisely because the Bandung meeting seemed thrilling that he wanted to go even more. If he didn't go, wouldn't it be the enemy's will?
On April 17, Premier Zhou arrived in Bandung successfully, which made everyone who followed Premier Zhou feel relieved.
At the same time, the US side was naturally furious. Fortunately, they have second-hand preparations and communicate with Japan, , Iraq, and other countries that are venting their anger with the United States in advance, so that they can incite other participating countries to boycott China together.
Speaking of which, what kind of hatred does China have with these countries? He is nothing more than Chinese believe in communism and is a member of socialist country .
So, when other countries united to target China during the meeting, Premier Zhou was not panicked. He instructed the secretary to change the order of China's speeches to the end.
955.4.17 Premier Zhou attended the Bandung meeting
. Wait until all countries finished speaking, Premier Zhou said three sentences to representatives of all countries:
"China is here to seek unity, not quarrel..."
"The reason we can get together today is because China has been violated by colonialism like everyone else..."
"China comes here to seek common ground while reserving differences. Instead of promoting the differences in its own country's ideology..."
After three sentences, Premier Zhou calmed down a storm against China with his political wisdom. Finally, at the Bandung Conference, China was recognized by most countries in Asia and Africa. Premier Zhou once again achieved another diplomatic victory for the New China.
New diplomatic situation
What really opens up a new situation for the diplomatic situation of the New China is the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, which makes New China recognized by most Western countries and successfully stayed in the United Nations.
969, Nixon officially took office as the president of the United States and expressed his willingness to improve relations with China. Seizing this opportunity, Sino-US relations have developed rapidly.
Nixon
In April 1971, while Chinese table tennis team participated in World Table Tennis Championships in Japan, a US player named Cohen accidentally boarded the bus ride on the Chinese team. Chinese player Zhuang Dong immediately resolved his embarrassment and gave him an embroidery piece from Hangzhou, China as a souvenir.
Cohen is very grateful to the Chinese players and makes a request to come to China. After Premier Zhou learned about this, he immediately reported it to Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao thought it was an opportunity and immediately approved it. China and the United States had a "Table Pong Diplomacy".
In October of the same year, with the acquiescence of the United States, China officially banned Taiwan from moving to the United Nations. Since then, the only five-star red flag can represent China in the United Nations.
In February 1972, Nixon visited China, and during which China and the United States formally established diplomatic relations between the two sides.
Nixon's visit to China
On February 21, Premier Zhou held a special state banquet and invited Nixon to the banquet. Nixon had long heard of Premier Zhou's name. He heard that Premier Zhou had injured one arm. When the two sides met, he took the initiative to help Premier Zhou take off his coat and express his friendly respect. has been fighting openly and secretly in diplomatic occasions for so many years, and Premier Zhou probably never expected that the two sides would have such a harmonious scene today.
Premier Zhou is also a person who rewards his kindness. At the banquet, Premier Zhou ordered people to play Nixon's music when he was in office as president, which not only conveyed the friendship of the Chinese people, but also expressed the respect of the Chinese people for him.
Nick Son was indeed very happy. He heard that Premier Zhou had good alcohol tolerance, so he took the initiative to toast him. In fact, the Prime Minister had long been unable to drink alcohol due to physical reasons, but he still drank President Nixon's wine without hesitation. The scene of
was also photographed by reporters and became a historic scene witnessing Sino-US relations.
What is heartbreaking is that in May, Premier Zhou was diagnosed with bladder cancer . It can be seen how much damage he suffered when receiving Prime Minister Nixon, and all this was for our country and our nation... After
established diplomatic relations with the United States, China became even more diplomatic. The capitalist camp countries were originally led by the United States. When Sino-US relations made historic progress, other countries also followed the United States.
For example, on February 23, 1972, Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka Kakuei followed Nixon and later visited China, and directly established diplomatic relations with China in September of the second half of the year.
Tanaka Kakuei visited China
Just like that, by the end of 1973, my country basically established diplomatic relations with all capitalist countries led by the United States.
plus my country and Asia and African countries have always maintained friendly relations. By 1978, in modern history, the diplomatic stage with the theme of "independence and autonomy" successfully ended, and entered the diplomatic journey with the purpose of "peace and development" during the reform and opening up period.
Nowadays, our country is carrying out diplomatic activities with the main purpose of " national rejuvenation ", all of which cannot be separated from the cornerstone laid by our ancestors.
I would like to use this article to mourn Premier Zhou, who devoted his life to the fullest, and all the ancestors and heroes who have made contributions to the diplomatic history of New China.
