After the founding of New China, our party actively absorbed them to participate in politics and policy-making in order to unite the vast number of patriotic democratic parties and people, and even entered the central government. Due to historical reasons, many of these people have warlord backgrounds and even participated in the dark history of encirclement and suppression of the Red Army. However, our party has not blamed him for his broad mind and won wide praise and respect.
However, there are still many comrades who cannot understand this, so some people made up some rumors to express their dissatisfaction, such as: "It is better to have a late revolution than early revolution, it is better to have no revolution than late revolution, it is better to have a counter-revolution than not revolution, and it is better to have a big counter-revolution!"
This full and humorous complaint is actually "founded". For example, Li Jishen, who was once a Guangdong warlord, was elected as vice president of the country in 1949, which is the clear evidence of these people.
Faced with the confusion and dissatisfaction of these comrades, Premier Zhou explained: "Mr. Li Jishen is different from reactionaries like Chiang Kai-shek . He has made positive contributions in history. If we followed his advice in 1934, the Red Army might not have to fight for the Long March..."
Everyone agreed with one sentence, and no one disagreed with it anymore. What is Premier Zhou talking about? What historical contributions did Li Jishen make?
Li Jishen, from Wuzhou, Guangxi, was born in 1885. In 1909, he was admitted to the army school of late Qing , located in Baoding , becoming one of the earliest famous generals trained by military academies in modern Chinese history. When the Xinhai Revolution broke out, Li Jishen, who was inclined to revolution, colluded with some comrades in the military academy, blew up a section of the railway bridge in Baoding with explosives, preventing the Qing army from going south to suppress the uprising and making great contributions.
Therefore, Li Jishen was later appointed by Sun Yat-sen as deputy commander of the first division of the Guangdong Army, known as the "First Division of the Republic of China", and since then he became a leader of the Guangdong Army, with a status far higher than Chiang Kai-shek, who was still unknown at this time.
Northern Expedition , Li Jishen served as the commander of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which grew up from the First Division. The famous Ye Ting Independent Regiment is one of the troops. The Fourth Army made outstanding contributions in the Northern Expedition, which is obvious to all.
Soon after, Chiang Kai-shek launched a counter-revolutionary coup, and Li Jishen was also exploited by Chiang Kai-shek. This became a major stain on Li Jishen's life and the main reason why some people oppose him in the future.
As we all know, the internal struggle of the Kuomintang is also very fierce. Many KMT veterans oppose the "nova" Chiang Kai-shek. The Guangdong warlords have a tradition of anti-Chiang. Li Jishen is the leader. Although he is a Guangdong warlord, he is from Guangxi, so his (New) Guangxi relationship with Bai Chongxi is also good.
1929, Chiang Kai-shek and the Guangxi clique had a " Jianggui War ". Due to secret support, Li Jishen was declared "exiled from the party forever" by Chiang Kai-shek (this is the first time that Li Jishen was expelled from the Kuomintang forever). However, because Li Jishen was very influential in the Kuomintang's political and military circles and had a wide range of disciples, Chiang Kai-shek did not dare to harm him.
After the outbreak of the 918 Incident in 1931, the national anti-Japanese war was in full swing. Chiang Kai-shek canceled the firing order and wanted to win over Li Jishen. However, Li Jishen continued to fight against Chiang Kai-shek. He successively established the "Anti-Japanese Military Federation", "National Military Commission", " Chinese National Revolutionary Alliance " and other organizations to compete with Chiang Kai-shek.
In 1932, the Japanese invaders launched another invasion of Shanghai. The "128 Songhu War" broke out. The 19th Route Army, a Guangdong-based army led by Li Jishen's disciple Cai Tingkai, became the main force of the Songhu War , and received support from the people of the whole country.
However, Chiang Kai-shek regarded the 19th Army, who was not his direct line and repeatedly disobeyed his orders, as a thorn in his side. Not only did he not provide subsidies, but he repeatedly interfered. In the end, the 19th Army suffered heavy casualties and withdrew from Shanghai. He was sent to Fujian by Chiang Kai-shek to participate in the suppression of the Communist Party. The purpose is to kill two birds with one stone, to eliminate the Red Army and weaken the 19th Route Army.
Speaking of which, General Cai Tingkai, the 19th Route Army and the Red Army were once comrades-in-arms, why? It turned out that the predecessor of the 19th Route Army was the 10th Division under the Fourth Army, and the division commander was Cai Tingkai. This division participated in the famous August 1 Nanchang Uprising , but later, Cai Tingkai left with the 10th Division. However, the bloodline of this comrade and comrades is still connected.
Therefore, Cai Tingkai was not willing to be Chiang Kai-shek's tool, so he started anti-Chiang activities, and Li Jishen immediately went south to support him. Chiang Kai-shek then announced for the second time that Li Jishen was "exposed from the Party forever" and was wanted nationwide.
On November 20, 1933, Cai Tingkai, Li Jishen, Chen Mingshu and others launched the " Fujian Incident " and announced the establishment of the "People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China", and Li Jishen was elected as Chairman!
This is a great blow to Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary faction. Chiang Kai-shek, who was encircling and suppressing the Red Army, had to divide his troops to encircle and suppress the 19th Army. Li Jishen, Cai Tingkai and others secretly contacted the Red Army, hoping to establish a broad coalition against Chiang and anti-Japanese regime. This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.
Li Jishen's proposal received positive responses from the leaders of the Communist Party of China, including Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, etc., but at this time, the one who occupied the core of the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army was the members of Wang Ming, who pursued an extremely left-leaning adventure route. They believe that Li Jishen and Cai Tingkai are warlords, and the Fujian Incident is a "speculative act", and they do not agree with cooperation.
Zhou Enlai tried hard to convince Bogu and others, and finally agreed to form the "Oriental Army" of the Red Army and enter Min to support the 19th Route Army. But it was too late, and the People's Republic of Fujian had been destroyed under Chiang Kai-shek's encirclement and suppression. After Mao Zedong learned about it, he kept calling out "I missed the opportunity!"
After Chiang Kai-shek relieved his worries, he stepped up the fifth encirclement and suppression of the Central Soviet Area. As a result, everyone knows that the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression failed, and the Red Army had to embark on the arduous journey of the Long March...
Li Jishen has since insisted on resisting Japan and maintaining democracy. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he even contacted the New Fourth Army again, hoping to join the armed forces of his "Chinese National Revolutionary Alliance" organization into the New Fourth Army. This is another manifestation of Li Jishen's patriotism.
During the Liberation War, Li Jishen formed the Kuomintang Democratic Promotion Association and actively opposed Chiang and anti- civil war. In 1948, he and the left-wing Kuomintang teams such as Soong Ching Ling and He Xiangning jointly established the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee. This is the origin of the important democratic party in our country today. In May, the Democratic Progressive Party sent a telegram to the Kuomintang regime institutions and many military generals across the country, calling on patriotic Kuomintang military and political personnel to actively respond to the "May 1 Call" proposed by the Communist Party to establish a new CPPCC and establish a democratic coalition government.
The DPP had a huge impact on the Kuomintang camp. In the late period of the Liberation War, the reason why so many troops and local regimes declared an uprising was inseparable from their unremitting efforts.
Therefore, our party has given such high affirmation to patriotic people like Li Jishen.
