In the five thousand years of history and culture of our country, there are many ethnic groups who have gone from nothing to something, and from nothing to nothing.
However, there is a tribe that originated in my country. It has been written records of nearly 2,000 years. It has been through the three generations of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. But in the end, it unified China. So which tribe is this tribe? What kind of charm is he that has become stronger and stronger after thousands of years?
What is " Dongyi "?
will not be described in detail. This tribe that has stood tall with the Chinese nation is called Dongyi.
Speaking of this, there may be many people who want to ask? No, it was the first time that Qin Shihuang unified the land of China. Qin Shihuang was the people in the Qin State? Yes, it is the Ying Zheng of Qin, but it is also the Ying Zheng of Dongyi. Let’s put aside the relationship between Qin and Dongyi first, let’s talk about Dongyi first.
Dongyi, translated as Eastern people in the ancient Central Plains, is a general term for the tribes in the eastern part of the ancient Central Plains. The Dongyi ethnic group was formed about 8,500 years ago.
was originally mainly distributed between the ancient Heji and the areas east of Mount Tai, today in Shandong, Jiangsu and other places. The two words "Dong" and "Yi" first appeared in bone-carved text 3,300 years ago.
Development of the "Dongyi" ethnic group
The earliest stories of Dongyi trace back to the early activities of primitive humans, who first lived in caves in Lushan, Shandong, and made a living by collecting fruits and hunting wild animals. After
, as the clan power expanded, it gradually migrated to the Shandong plain, and began to domesticate animals and plants here, opening up the earliest agricultural activities in Jiuzhou. Fuxi and Shaohao in the ancient legend of " Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors " were the ancestors and leaders of the Dongyi tribe in the ancient .
History is pushed to Dayu in his later years. He intends to learn from Yao and Shun to Boyi who was in charge of water with him. Bo Yi, the surname Ying, also belonged to the Dongyi tribe. He was very talented and he invented the technology of drilling wells.
competes for the position of tribal leader with Xia Qi, which is also a battle between Xia Houshi and the Dongyi tribe. Hou Boyi failed and the Xia Dynasty was established.
In Xia Qi's later years, his government was in chaos. After his son Taikang succeeded to the throne, Houyi, the leader of the Dongyi tribe, launched a coup to take power while going out to hunt in Taikang. The story of "Taikang Loss the Country" and "Houyi Replaces Xia" in the history book .
Then the Dongyi tribes integrated with the surrounding departments to develop, and a large number of them were integrated into the ancient Chinese ethnic groups.
Dongyi and Qin
Regarding the origin of the Qin people, the first "Records of the Grand Historian" records in Sima Qian , saying that Qin people are in the boundary of Xirong , guarding the western part of the country. In fact, at that time, the Eastern countries believed that the Qin people were the western Qirong clan, but they said that "Qin was the Western Rong" was indeed a largely despicable title.
A batch of bamboo slips from the Warring States Period in Hong Kong discovered in 2008 (donated to Tsinghua University after , also known as " Tsinghua University ") record , "The Qin people were originally one of the Dongyi people, and their ancestors were traced back to Pangu and Shaohao, and they lived in today's Shandong area."
When the Zhou Dynasty was , the Qin people raised horses for the Zhou royal family and guarded the west to fight against the Western Rong. Later, in the war with the Western Rong, Qin won a great victory and was named a prince by the Zhou king. After the Zhou king, the Youwang " beacon fire to play the princes ", the northern ethnic minorities invaded the Central Plains. Because they led troops to defend the king and protected the emperor, Qin was named a prince in the western Rong. Qin officially became a member of the Zhou dynasty.
In fact, what we call Qin people today are more of the members of the Eastern Huaxia people formed by the early stages of the formation of the Chinese nation, Dongyi culture, Xidi culture, Shang culture, Zhou culture, and other cultures collided with each other and integrated with each other.
Qin State to Qin Dynasty
For the first time I saw "Qin State" and "Qin Dynasty". People who don't know much about history think they seem the same and can't tell them clearly. In fact, it is very simple. In 770 BC, King Ping of Zhou appointed Duke Mu of Qin as a prince.
Qin State was established, and later, after the Qin Dynasty fought for successive kings. Under the leadership of the last prince Ying Zheng, the six kingdoms were eliminated in 221 BC and unified the world and established the Qin Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty was actually established on the basis of the Qin State.
Back to Qin, Qin began to become a prince in Qin Xianggong . Until Qin Shihuang Yingzheng, there were 31 monarchs in more than 500 years. Among them, except for the founding of Duke Xiang of the country and the Qin Mugong who destroyed more than ten Western countries, the glorious history of Qin began in Qin Xiaogong Ying Quliang.
Because of this period of Qin Xiaogong's reign, Qin State truly stood out among more than a hundred and ten princes because of a reform. Qin Xiaogong did not stick to ancient books of law and law, published a manifesto of recruiting talents to the world, summoning talents from the six countries to be strong for Qin, and promising to share the land of Qin with the powerful Qin people. Wei State Ji Yang (later named Shangjun , and later called Shang Yang ) came.
He took the Legal theory as the basis and reformed a series of measures, and obtained the full support of Xiaogong to carry out the reform.
In the political field, it innovated household registration, title, administration and folk customs systems, formulated and implemented strict laws, abolished well fields and opened up fields in the economic field, implemented county system, and emphasized agriculture and suppressed commerce;
in the military field, rewarded military merits and took the lead in regaining the land of Hexi, which allowed Qin State to rapidly improve its national strength, get rid of the unreasonable princes, and become the great power of the Warring States Period that became the Warring States Period, which was dominated by Qi and Chu.
to King Huiwen of Qin adhered to the reform system, eliminated stubborn forces, reused vertical and horizontal gangs, and joined the six countries, annexed Bashu, further expanded the territory of Qin. After the meeting, the alliance became king and became the king of Qin from "public" to "king".
to King Wu of Qin , quelled the turmoil in Shu, reformed the internal official settings, widely repaired the law of land and property, and made a strong decision for the Qin State.
to King Zhaoxiang of Qin , the army went east and launched the battle of Changping , captured a large number of cities, and expanded unprecedentedly, destroying the living forces of the six countries, so that it could not compete with it alone. During the
and Qin Xiaowen King and Qin Zhuangxiang King , reforms were strengthened internally, exterminated the Zhou royal family externally, and continued to strengthen the strength of Qin.
to the end, King Qin Ying Zheng implemented military and political reforms, quelled civil strife, eliminated powerful ministers Lü Buwei , adopted a foreign policy of diplomatic relations with the near and near, bribed the ministers of the six countries, alienated the court relations, and collapsed the alliance covenant of the six countries.
destroyed the six kingdoms in ten years since 230 BC, ended the separatist melee since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and established the first unified feudal monarchy in Chinese history.
is full of many complex feelings for the people of "Qin". He has been a small vassal country affiliated with the Zhou royal family, and with the unremitting efforts of several generations of kings, he fought with the old Qin people without fear of hardship.
has gradually become stronger through repeated reforms, and has also stood out in repeated wars, unifying the land of China, and bringing Chinese history to a new stage.
But later, his leader made great efforts to build a large number of projects, and was arrogant and extravagant, and died in the second lifetime, which made people sigh.
