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Chairman Mao likes to read ancient books and loves the book " Think Tank " compiled by Feng Menglong in the Ming Dynasty. He read it many times and circled many places on it. When reading a passage about Tang Taizong Li Shimin, he thought the author's evaluation was very pertinent and commented: "Since ancient times, no one can surpass Li Shimin's right, followed by Zhu Yuanzhang ears."
Chairman Mao ranked Zhu Yuanzhang second among more than 400 emperors throughout the ages, which was an affirmation of Zhu Yuanzhang's military capabilities. At the same time, the glory of Ming Dynasty was also an affirmation of Zhu Yuanzhang's ability to govern the country. Some people say that Zhu Yuanzhang was the most underrated emperor in history, but where is his awesome?
1 Dianli html th year (October 21, 1328 AD), Zhu Yuanzhang was born in a rural area in Haozhou (now Anhui). He has been a poor peasant with a strong root for generations. In addition to his parents, he also has five brothers and sisters. The family often fails to eat. For this reason, Zhu Chongba has been a cowherd for the landlord's house since he was a child.
Zhu Yuanzhang's original name is Zhu Chongba. It sounds very interesting, but it is not. When was in , if the common people did not become officials or went to school, they would not be worthy of a name, and they could only be named by the age of their parents or the date of birth. Zhu Yuanzhang's great-grandfather was named Zhu Bailiu , great-grandfather Zhu Si, grandfather Zhu Chuyi , father Zhu Wusi . In his generation, he was ranked eighth among his family brothers, so he was called Zhu Chongba.
From 1343 to 1344 AD, Haozhou had a severe drought, and the land was barren for thousands of miles. After the drought, it was another locust plague , which later led to a plague. Zhu Chongba's parents and brothers passed away one after another, leaving only him and his second brother. In addition, the heavy taxes at the end of the Yuan Dynasty directly led to Zhu Chongba's desperate situation. Zhu Yuanzhang was 16 years old this year.
In order to survive, Zhu Chongba went to Huangjue Temple to become a monk. He rang the bell every day, boiled water and cooked. He wanted to spend his whole life in the ancient case of Qinglan. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. Soon after, the local famine was severe and the temple was full of food. The abbot had to send a certificate of sacrificial documents to Zhu Chongba and other idle people, asking them to go down the mountain to beg for alms.
7-year-old Zhu Yuanzhang had to hold the document, hold the broken bowl, hold the bald head, beg everywhere. After wandering for three years, I saw the mountains, rivers, and the land, experienced the customs of various places, and saw with my own eyes all over the world. After experiencing thousands of difficulties and difficulties, Zhu Chongba opened his horizons, accumulated social experience, and transformed into perseverance and courage.
2 At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the court was corrupt and powerful ministers interfered in politics. Everything they saw on the road was ragged and thin, and their life experience was filled with dust and rain. So the rebels rose up everywhere, and the Red Turban Army led by Guo Zixing rushed into Haozhou in one go and used this as a base. Zhu Chongba, 24, received a letter from his childhood playmate, inviting him to join the rebel army to share wealth. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang just wanted to be content with himself and live a life of silence. Unexpectedly, Zhu Chongba, who was framed and rebelled by others. He did not want to be regarded as a scapegoat by officials, had to defect to his playmates Tang and and betrothed under Guo Zixing's command. And because of his extraordinary courage, Guo Zixing left a deep impression on him, and he put him beside him and became his personal soldier (guard).
In the army, Zhu Chongba quickly showed his talent. He was not only brave in combat, but also very strategic, calm in dealing with things, far-reaching in thinking, and loyal. Soon Zhu Chongba was appreciated by Guo Zixing, appointed him as the chief of the ninth personal military officer, and regarded him as his confidant. He always discussed important matters with him.
This is not counting. Guo Zixing also married his adopted daughter Ma to Zhu Chongba. After that, the army changed his name to Prince Zhu . It was from this time that Zhu Chongba changed his name to Zhu Yuanzhang. According to the explanation of " The Records of the Ming Taizu ", Zhang is a jade artifact with a slanted tip, which has the meaning of destroying the Yuan Dynasty and Zhang Li in the world. After attacking this place, Zhu Chongba became the familiar Zhu Yuanzhang.
1353 Zhu Yuanzhang was promoted to politicians and led his confidants to Dingyuan . On the way, the troops expanded rapidly, and they captured Hengjian Mountain in Dingyuan, and met Li Shanchang . In 1355, Guo Zixing passed away and Zhu Yuanzhang became the left deputy marshal. Because the people were in their hands, they actually controlled the power. Subsequently, Zhu Yuanzhang successively won Taiping, Jiqing, Ningguo, and other places, established bases in Yingtian, and gradually controlled various places in Jiangzuo and Zhejiang. After establishing Yingtian Hegemony, Zhu Yuanzhang's first enemy was the tyrant of fishermen, Chen Youliang . In 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang led an army of 200,000 to Hongdu and fought a decisive battle with Chen Youliang at Poyang Lake . Zhu Yuanzhang's army attacked the enemy with fire, and Chen Youliang died of arrows. This battle, which lasted 36 days, ended with Zhu Yuanzhang's victory. 366, Zhu Yuanzhang launched the "Pingjiang Battle" to unify the south of the Yangtze River. In just one year, Zhu Yuanzhang was in Pingjiang. That is, today's Suzhou eliminated Zhang Shicheng . Immediately afterwards, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Tang He as the General of the Conquest South and eliminated the warlord Fang Guozhen who had been separatist in eastern Zhejiang for more than 5 years. 367, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Xu Da as the general of the conquering the enemy, and Chang Yuchun as the deputy general, leading an army of 250,000 to the Central Plains north. At the same time, a slogan of inspiring people was put forward: expel the barbarians, restore China, establish a pillar of the Communist Party of China, and relieve the people of this people, calling on the people of the north to fight against the Yuan Dynasty together. After that, the Northern Expedition Army followed the plan, first taking Shandong, then taking Bianliang, and then leading the army to Tongguan . 368, Zhu Yuanzhang was 40 years old. He defeated all the enemies in the south of , and was called emperor in Yingtian. His country was named Ming, and his reign was named Hongwu . Later generations were honored as Emperor Hongwu. In the same year, Xu Da conquered the yuan Dadu , and the yuan Shundi fled to Shangdu. At this point, the Mongolian rule in the Central Plains ended in 1998. The Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures , which had been lost for nearly 400 years, was finally taken back and the Central Plains were unified.
The Ming Dynasty established by Zhu Yuanzhang not only reestablished an Asian empire from scratch, but also rebuilt the East Asian tribute system that is the only one in China for 200 years after the demise of Tang Dynasty . It was the undisputed power in the world at that time for 200 years. Zhu Yuanzhang also completed his gorgeous transformation from a beggar monk to a founding king. 4Among the founding emperors of China, Zhu Yuanzhang was the poorest, the lowest-born, and the low-level cultural level. The beginning is a bowl, the equipment is all about cutting, passing the country, and the ending is a Grand Slam. Such a legendary life is not even a time travel novel. But Zhu Yuanzhang told everyone with his own life experience that the times create heroes.
may be because he was born in the lower class and experienced too much suffering. Even if he became emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang was very down-to-earth. He was not arrogant, spoke casually, and even wrote imperial edicts very casually. He often called himself me in imperial edicts, not me, and every sentence seemed to be the style of chatting with you with a strong local accent.
He always has mercy on the people of Ming Empire . He said: "The people are both talented and capable, just like a bird that has just flies, and a tree that has just been planted cannot shake its roots." Therefore, during his administration, the four words "safe and health care" have been emphasized. He issued the "A Brief Record of Awakening and Greeding", earnestly admonishing officials to always think about the difficulties of material resources, not to extend their hands to the people, and live a frugal life, and set an example.
Zhu Yuanzhang was also the most fierce emperor in history to crack down on corrupt officials. He devoted his life to eliminate corrupt officials and establish various departments to investigate and deal with corrupt officials. He gave the people in the world the right to punish corrupt officials, allowing them to go directly to the capital to report corrupt officials, and even send corrupt officials to the capital. In the imperial examination, it is even more advocating the crackdown on powerful people and improving the status of poor children.
Some people say that Zhu Yuanzhang slaughtered meritorious officials, but in fact, this is also different. Some people say that Zhu Yuanzhang has a suspicious personality and is worried that capable meritorious officials will rebel. When Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he treated his meritorious officials well and even gave them official titles. But later, many founding heroes were corrupt and abused the law, and the people were rampant in the country. What's more, some heroes even formed cliques to abdicate power and excluded dissidents, which once threatened the imperial power.
Zhu Yuanzhang was born in the countryside, and started from the last few days. He experienced hardships, struggled thousands of difficulties, and was determined to finally expel the Tartars and restore China. The snow presses down on the branches, although it cannot be covered with mud. Once the red sun rises, it is still in harmony with the sky. From a beggar to an emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang was the first person to counterattack. How do you evaluate Zhu Yuanzhang? If Qin Shihuang is the creation of the world, then Zhu Yuanzhang is the survival of the world. What do you think?
