In 1990, the central government received a letter from Hong Kong. When they saw that the signer was Gong Chu , they couldn't help but look at each other . Later, it was Deng Xiaoping who broke the silence.
"We once said that if we do not pursue the mistakes made by senior Kuomintang officials before the founding of the country, he might have written to us only when he saw this news. The matter has passed, so don't be upset anymore."
Gong Chu's general meaning is that he is eager to return to his hometown to live in for a long time. Faced with this requirement, Deng Xiaoping made a special decision.
So, who is Gong Chu? What decision did Deng Xiaoping make?
From a poor boy to a Communist Party member
Gong Chu was once a member of the Communist Party, but later became Red Army The first rebel general , and fled to Hong Kong after the founding of New China. So, how did he go on a wrong path?
Gong Chu was born in 1901 in a poor family in Lechang, Guangdong. His parents tried hard to send him to school. The elder sister in the family even committed himself to the landlord just to raise his future study expenses.
Gong Chu, who knew that learning opportunities were rare, worked very hard on . Not only did the best assignments assigned by his teacher, but also took the initiative to learn a lot of extracurricular content.
Therefore, He was attracted by a landlord who admires talents. On the day the results were released, the landlord came to the Gong family.
"I am willing to sponsor this child's studies, but he wants to recognize me as his adoptive father. At that time, I will support me in my old age and see me to die. If you want, we can stamp my handprints now."
And the parents of the Gong family asked Gong Chu for his opinion.
"Yes, but I want to keep studying and cannot stop halfway. In addition, I need you to help my family in time. If you want, I can go back with you now."
At this time, Gong Chu was only in his teenage years, but he dared to talk to the big landlords as a farmer. This made the landlords appreciate him more and more. With the help of the landlords, Gong Chu not only walked from the township to the city, but also met a group of progressive young people.
At the same time, Gong Chu met a noble man at school . He not only has a rich family background, but also has advanced ideological understanding.
"Young man, I think you are a good seedling. Are you willing to practice martial arts? The country is now living in poverty, so it is saved by you young people!"
and he was naturally overjoyed, so he studied during the day and at night. In his spare time, he also went to the nobles' house to help . This good luck lasted until he completed his studies.
When Gong Chu was still thinking about whether to go back to his hometown to participate in the uprising or stay in the local area to join the army, the nobleman recommended him to the 2nd Brigade of the Guangdong Army to continue learning .
"Gong Chu, study hard! You have extremely high military talents, don't waste it."
Maybe he is talented. He was promoted to the squad leader for his outstanding personal ability for half a year after he joined the team. Later, he was recognized as an adjutant of the brigade department because of his good management.
Later, the superior recommended him to the military academy to study . During this period, he used the motivation to study before and completed his studies. In addition, he also worked with many teachers and obtained additional income and resources.
When Gong Chu graduated, he was only 19 years old. When he returned to the Guangdong Army with the title of outstanding graduate, he directly served as company commander.
In this regard, he couldn't help but feel a little arrogant, and he also had a bad relationship with many officers in the team . Anyone who heard someone orchestrating him behind his back was taught a lesson by him in the name of friendly communication.
"Now I am the boss. You all clamped my tails to be a human being. Let me hear it next time. Don't blame me for being rude to you!"
Maybe it was the intrigue in the army that made him feel disgusted. In 1924, he withdrew from the Guangdong Army and joined the Guangzhou Youth League, won the favor of the Party Central Committee and joined the Communist Party.
Later, Gong Chu was arranged by the Party Central Committee to cultivate the revolutionary spark , and he did not disappoint everyone and soon formed several teams.
During the period, he encountered several "thorns". They not only kept Gong Chu out, but also spread rumors about him and the Red Army. , making the already disintegrated peasant team even more chaotic.
In response to this, he was broadcasting at the village entrance every day with the big radio.
"Friends, now you are in dire straits. Only the Red Army can save you. If we work together, life can be restored to its original state. If we do not cooperate, there will be a dead end. Please support our work!"
In addition, He also visited farmers from door to door, which was completely different from the previous one. , Chairman Mao has also followed him and has a high evaluation of him.
"Gong Chu, it's not bad! He can bend and stretch, and is a material that can be made, but you must pay attention to his ideological education so as not to turn against him in the future."
Later, Gong Chu was sent by the Party Central Committee to Wuhan to fight against the Kuomintang for his contribution to cultivating the revolutionary spark.
From being devoted to the party to being swaying
Facing the national army that was several times stronger than him, Gong Chu did not fight rashly, but adopted the roundabout tactics to fully utilize the advantages of guerrilla warfare . The national army was defeated by underestimating the enemy, and he took advantage of it.
and he also came into the sight of Zhu De , and was praised by him as "the future military genius."
But people will encounter setbacks. When he rushed to Changsha, he encountered the first Waterloo in his life. . Not only was he injured, he was also charged with dereliction of duty in management. He also consciously temporarily retreated behind the scenes and began to be responsible for matters related to the underground party.
Fortunately, Zhu De took the initiative to submit a report to the Party Central Committee and plead for him.
"Comrade Gong Chu has the material of Zhuge Liang , you have put him in the position! Now I and the Chairman are going to launch a new round of revolution, please transfer him back quickly."
Since then, Almost all the Red Army soldiers know that Gong Chu is the popular man in front of Zhu De and Chairman Mao . Everyone often sees them in and out together, and there are even rumors in the team that "Chairman Mao leads, Zhu De follows closely, Gong Chu cuts off the rear."
In this regard, Gong Chu was once again arrogant. Not only did he take the official position to suppress others, he also looked down on veterans Chen Yi and Liu Bocheng and others. Once, he and Chen Yi had a conflict over the combat plan and started slapping the table.
"What kind of old-fashioned tactics are you? Do you have any study? Your thoughts are absolutely inconsistent with the ancients. I am a combat genius, so I should listen to me!"
. Chen Yi just endured all this silently, and the facts proved that Gong Chu was right, which made him even more proud and complacent, and later he went on a wrong path. After
, Chen Yi promoted him without grudges and arranged him to be a member of Guangxi and became a member of the political secretary , giving him the opportunity to make contributions.
At first, Gong Chu was unwilling to go to that remote and backward place . When he asked to take office, he once again had a conflict with Chen Yi.
"My surname is Chen, are you deliberately making trouble for me? I took good care of in Soviet area. Why should I divide me into places I am not familiar with?"
Finally, was still the leader and battalion commander in it as a harmonic agent, so he reluctantly went to Baise . At this time, Deng Xiaoping was working on the uprising in Baise and Zhang Yunyi and others.
Not long after, the Baise Uprising was about to break out, so Gong Chu cooperated with Deng Xiaoping and others to fight.
"Baise is mountainous, and the people are mainly ethnic minorities, and many bandits are pouring out. This gives the Kuomintang some support. We should adopt the tactic of fighting for the people and suppressing bandits. I am responsible for the rivers and cities, Comrade Deng and Comrade Zhang are responsible for the mountainous areas, and give them a fight inside and outside. What do you think?"
As soon as he finished speaking, Deng Xiaoping applauded.
"Very good, I deserve to be a genius who was favored by Zhu De and Chairman Mao, let's listen to you."
This uprising was very successful, The 7th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was born with the flow , and Gong Chu once again exerted his management ability, publicizing the Red Army's policies from door to door, and training recruits.
Later, he knew that the local education was very behind , so he made a proposal to Deng Xiaoping.
"Do we want to literate the recruits? It's not okay to just be able to hold a gun! If you don't know a big word, you won't even understand our policies, let alone develop it."
Therefore, advocates building factories and running night schools, paying for teachers out of your own pocket, and also participates in the compilation of literacy books . After he completes his mission and returns to the Soviet area, he is already the chief of staff.
Immediately afterwards, he participated in various wars. In a battle of , he had a dispute with Peng Dehuai , and the two argued endlessly about whether to attack or not.
Facing Peng Dehuai who insisted on siege, Gong Chu took the battle map on the table.
"Although we have a large number of people nowadays, our equipment and quality are far behind people. The attack of the city is tantamount to hitting stones with eggs. I suggest that we should determine according to the actual situation and not obey the central government's orders."
But Peng Dehuai is far less likely to speak than Chen Yi.
"You are doubting the authority of the party! The nature of a soldier is to obey orders. Put away your self-centered ideas and right-leaning opportunism. It seems that you have an independent mind, which is something the party will never allow!"
So the two parted in disagreement, Gong Chu mixed up with water to make fish during the battle, allowing the Kuomintang army to discover the flaws . The final result was naturally the failure of the Red Army.
In response to this, he also cursed the Party Central Committee when the soldiers were depressed.
"I just said that you can't attack head-on, but you don't listen. Now, I'm wasting so much manpower and material resources, and I've gotten a bargain for nothing for the Kuomintang!"
Someone refuted this, but he locked it up . His arrogant approach finally aroused Peng Dehuai's dissatisfaction.
Therefore, Gong Chu was demoted by the Party Central Committee for his "rightist opportunism error" and lost his command. When everyone asked him to reflect on writing a review, he not only turned a deaf ear, but also had the idea of leaving the Communist Party team.
Then, Liu Bocheng was hospitalized due to illness, so the Party Central Committee had to re-activate Gong Chu to allow him to participate in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" war. Although he used his strategies to kill the enemy bravely, he still suffered heavy losses.
Seeing that the number of failures is increasing, the Party Central Committee even issued a transfer task, and he has become less confident in the victory of the Red Army and the command of the Communist Party.
Coincidentally, while attacking the Communist Party, the Kuomintang was also using sugar-coated shells to instigate it.
1935, Gong Chu led some troops to fight guerrillas in South Hunan . The Kuomintang's continuous attacks made them overwhelmed. The only radio station was still destroyed in the war, causing them to lose contact with the Party Central Committee.
So, Gong Chu became rebellious.
"The Communist Party not only has no ability, but also demoted me to my post. Instead of guarding the leftovers, it is better to cook a new pot again. Anyway, I have old friends with some senior Kuomintang officials, so join the Kuomintang. The Communist Party is a dow that cannot be helped!"
Then, he took the initiative to find the Kuomintang spies and was willing to exchange the Red Army news he had mastered for the position of senior Kuomintang officials.
Chiang Kai-shek was naturally overjoyed. He first appointed him as the commander of the guerrilla warfare of the Communist Party, and later gave him the position of commander of the Guangdong-Xiang Border Region. Since then, he finally pointed his butcher knife at his compatriots .
But the Party Central Committee did not know all this. He killed most of the Red Army in the Guangdong-Hunan region in just five months. Some of the Communists lurking in the Kuomintang team were also caught by him, which was a way to eliminate the major troubles for Chiang Kai-shek.
Later, he turned his attention to Chen Yi . In order to completely kill Chen Yi, he first led his troops to Beishan to play a show with the bandits, and then notified the local guerrilla captain He Minxue, and captured the contact person He Changlin and successfully instigated him.
Now everything is ready, but the east wind is gone. The pit has been dug, just waiting for Chen Yi to jump inside. So, He wrote a letter to Chen Yi in the name of asking for guidance and asked He Changlin to sign it. He thought this would lure Chen Yi into the bait.
But Chen Yi was very confused after receiving the letter.
"He has always looked down on me, how could he ask me to guide his army? It took me so long to contact me. Maybe there is a fraud. I'll wait and see for a few more days."
This action made Gong Chu panic. Finally, he changed his strategy and directly attacked the Beishan guerrillas , which triggered the harsh nature of "Beishan Incident" , causing the innocent deaths of more than 50 soldiers.
Then, he directly hit the garrison of Chen Yi's army. Fortunately, scout Wu Shaohua promptly notified Chen Yi and others to , and they were able to fight back, but they still lost many soldiers. Since then, the Party Central Committee has discovered his true face.
However, Gong Chu did not do all the bad things. During the anti-Japanese war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, he defended Shaozhou, Guangdong alone and seized a large amount of supplies and gave them to the Communist Party.
But Chiang Kai-shek had no intention of fighting against Japan. After finally winning the War of Resistance Against Japan, he couldn't wait to launch the civil war , which made Gong Chu stand opposite to the Communist Party. In 949, Gong Chu even became Lin Biao's prisoner .
The party who did not care about past grudges
At that time, Chairman Mao and others suggested that he make up for his mistakes and ordered him to go to Hainan Island urge to surrender to his fellow villagers Xue Yue , but he actually fled to Hong Kong on the sidelines and lived there for 40 years.
His wife was very puzzled about this.
"The Communist Party has given us the opportunity to redeem our sins. Why do you have to fight against the party? Now anyone with discerning eyes knows that the Kuomintang is in a predicament. If you look to the Kuomintang, our fate will be even more miserable."
"I know that I have a serious sin. I killed so many people in the Communist Party, Peng Dehuai and the others will not let me go. Even if I successfully convince Xue Yue to give up Hainan Island, they will definitely give me another crime."
In response, Deng Xiaoping and others could only shake their heads helplessly, and Gong Chu gave up the best opportunity to return to the mainland. .
Time flies, and the 89-year-old Gong Chu's homesickness gradually worsens. At this time, the mainland announced that it would not pursue the guilt of the Kuomintang officers before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Only then did he muster up the courage to write a letter to Deng Xiaoping and others.
In addition, he also called Deng Xiaoping, which lasted for several hours. Deng Xiaoping not only welcomed him back to the mainland, but also specially held a banquet to clean up his dust.
Later, Gong Chu returned to his hometown to spend the rest of his time. During this period, he took out most of his assets to support national construction and maintained until the last moment of his life.
After reading this story, you may not be able to make a clear positioning and evaluation of Gong Chu. He did hit the revolutionary forces of the Communist Party hard, but he made great contributions to the Communist Party in the early and later stages, which is considered to be a mixed result.
But since Deng Xiaoping and others didn't blame him much, then future generations no longer need to be worried about him.
