On January 27, 1986, Comrade Deng Xiaoping led central cadres to Baise, Guangxi for inspection, and Deng Xiaoping's youngest daughter Deng Rong was also accompanied by Deng Xiaoping.
Along the way, Comrade Deng Xiaoping keenly noticed that Guangxi's economic development has been quite effective in all aspects, but there are still many other problems.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping always asked the accompanying secretary to record some of the shortcomings found during the inspection process.
When we were about to reach Baise , the youngest daughter Deng Rong suddenly asked his father Deng Xiaoping; "Dad, how old were you when you participated in the Baise Uprising ?"
"Twenty-five years old" Comrade Deng Xiaoping looked at the riverside and said.
Then Deng Rong asked mischievously again: "Dad, I heard that you were defeating all the troops at that time. He was a "repeated general". Is it true?"
After hearing this, Comrade Deng Xiaoping and everyone around him laughed. Although Deng Rong's question is relatively straightforward, it also reminds Deng Xiaoping of the arduous revolutionary years.
So why did Deng Rong describe his father as a "repeated general"? What kind of complex does Comrade Deng Xiaoping have with Baise, Guangxi?
Great revolutionary initiative-Baise Uprising
In December 1929, Comrade Deng Xiaoping led the Communist Party members and workers and peasants in Guangxi to launch the Baise Uprising that shocked China and the world. established The Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army , and the first red regime in Guangxi was born.
At that time, the Northern Expedition War ended. In order to realize his dictatorial ambition, Chiang Kai-shek began to launch a war to eliminate other remaining warlords. The powerful Guangxi leaders Bai Chongxi and Li Zongren naturally became Chiang Kai-shek's number one target.
But not long after, Li Zongren was completely defeated in the Battle of Jiang Gui, and the power of the National Government expanded to all parts of Guangxi.
Because this melee brought severe disaster to the people at that time, many aspiring young people who were disappointed with the reactionary warlords and the National Government joined the Communist Party’s troops.
Before Deng Xiaoping and other CCP representatives came to Guangxi, a large number of Communist Party members had developed here, with a good mass base.
After the Guangxi warlords lost the war, Chiang Kai-shek supported Yu Zuobai and Li Mingrui to power in order to ensure the absolute status of the National Government in Guangxi and presided over the government affairs work within the Guangxi warlords.
But Yu and Li were not the same as Jiang Jiang. After taking office, they did not implement Chiang Kai-shek's secret order to "eliminate the Guangxi clique".
In order to prevent the National Government from annexing all parts of Guangxi, Yu Zuobai began to contact the Communist Party of China, hoping to get the support of the Communist Party of China, and said that our party could send a group of cadres to Guangxi to preside over the relevant work.
After careful consideration, in order to stabilize the overall political situation of the country and develop the revolutionary forces of the Red Army, the Party Central Committee decided to select Comrade Deng Xiaoping to Guangxi to lead and be responsible for the work of the local party organizations.
In fact, since returning from Moscow in 1927, Comrade Deng Xiaoping has been in the army of the National Alliance Feng Yuxiang for a period of time due to the needs of revolutionary work. During
, Deng Xiaoping handled many incidents related to party frictions and had rich experience in working behind enemy lines.
But this time I went to Guangxi not only to deal with the Guangxi government, but more importantly, to develop and strengthen the revolutionary forces belonging to our party. The task is arduous.
Therefore, it is a great challenge for Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who is only twenty-five years old.
Before departure, Nie Rongzhen, Secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, introduced the relevant situation in Guangxi to Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
The purpose of this trip was mainly to assist Yu Zuobai and Li Mingrui in rectifying the army and plan to win over them to jointly fight against Chiang. If the time is right, it is best to establish our own revolutionary base in Guangxi.
After coming to Guangxi, Deng Xiaoping and other Chinese Communist Party leaders immediately began to contact and develop local revolutionary forces and cooperated with Yu Zuobai to preside over the political and military work in the region.
Under the guidance of Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the Guangxi Provincial Congress of the Communist Party of China was held soon. During the meeting, the new development goals of the Guangxi Party organization and the general line of future work focusing on armed struggle were determined.
It can be said that Comrade Deng Xiaoping's arrival pointed out the prospects and directions for the revolutionary work in Guangxi Province.
With the efforts of Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the turbulent political situation in Guangxi has been stabilized, and the revolutionary forces of our party are also quietly developing. The organizations and special branches of each county party committee have gradually improved and recovered, and the number of party members in the province has grown to more than 400 and more than 1,000 workers and peasants.
Just as the revolutionary situation was getting better, in September 1929, the situation in Guangxi suddenly changed drastically. Yu Zuobai and Li Mingrui ignored our party's dissuasion and insisted on mutiny against Chiang. But the hasty rise to the army will inevitably lead to defeat. After the defeat of Yu and Li, the Guangxi region fell into chaos.
In order to protect the newly developed revolutionary forces, the Party Central Committee decided to quickly transfer the troops to Zuojiang and Youjiang areas.
Under Comrade Deng Xiaoping's planning, the organs and organizations in Guangxi began a tense retreat work. Most of the weapons and ammunition in the Nanning Armory were transferred by our army, and the troops were led by Comrade Zhang Yunyi to Baise.
Not long after, Deng Xiaoping also met with the troops in Baise to discuss matters related to the uprising with everyone.
On December 11, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who was the secretary of the former enemy committee of the Communist Party of China, and thousands of revolutionary soldiers launched a vigorous armed uprising in Baise. Enlong launched a vigorous armed uprising. The Kuomintang troops who were unknown were fleeing for a moment, and the uprising plan was successfully completed.
After the successful Baise Uprising, the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was established, and the Youjiang Revolutionary Base was established. After the uprising ended, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who was only 25 years old, served as the political commissar of the Red Seventh Army, and Comrade Zhang Yunyi was the commander. The revolutionary work in Guangxi has entered a new stage, but the story of Comrade Deng Xiaoping and Baise is far from over.
The Iron and Steel Division that had been moving thousands of miles away - the Red Seventh Army
After the successful Baise Uprising, in order to consolidate the revolutionary achievements in Guangxi, the Party Central Committee decided to establish a Right Jiangsu Government here to lead and develop future revolutionary movements. After
, with the gradual implementation of land allocation work, the party organization of Baise area has been actively supported by the vast number of farmers in various prefectures and counties in Guangxi. There are also more and more aspiring young people who have devoted themselves to the revolution, and the new revolutionary armed forces of the Red Seventh Army are gradually growing.
But after the establishment of the Youjiang Revolutionary Base, Chiang Kai-shek was frightened. In order to curb the spread of communism, the National Government strictly ordered the Guangxi warlords to immediately launch an encirclement and suppression of the Red Seventh Army.
At the same time, the Yunnan-Guizhou border also mobilized a large number of national troops to participate. Chiang Kai-shek's intention was very obvious, that is, to completely kill the new Baise regime.
In the face of the large-scale attack by the national army, Comrade Deng Xiaoping immediately held an emergency meeting.
In order to get rid of the enemy's pursuit, the Communist Party of China's Front Committee decided to transfer the main force of the Red Seventh Army to Donglan , Fengshan and other places. During the transfer of troops, the newly born Red Seventh Army had several fierce confrontations with the well-equipped Guangxi warlords around.
In the battle of Rongjiang, the Red Seventh Army annihilated more than 600 enemies and seized a large number of weapons, equipment and military supplies. It slowed down the attack pace of the Gui army's in , and the party organization in the Youjiang base was able to be safely transferred.
1930, Political Commissar Deng Xiaoping, who left the Red Seventh Army on the way to retreat, met with the army commander Zhang Yunyi in Hechi . Although the troops were transferred out, they lost the various Red Army bases in the Baise area. The revolutionary situation in Guangxi is not optimistic, and the Red Seventh Army needs a victory to cheer up again.
At that time, receiving the order of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Zhang Yunyi should lead the main force of the Red Seventh Army to march towards m4 Liuzhou m5, concentrate his troops to attack the important city of Guilin, and then transfer to m4 Beijiang m5 in Guangdong.
But after receiving the order, the political commissar Deng Xiaoping put forward a different view on this:
Liuzhou and Guilin are heavily garrisoned by the enemy. Whether the troops can retreat safely when passing through these places is a question, let alone launching a large-scale military attack. As for transferring to a big city like Guangdong, the Red Seventh Army will have difficulty in having room for development.
After careful consideration, Deng Xiaoping made a bold decision based on the actual situation of the army: return to Youjiang.
This not only protects the vitality of the Red Seventh Army, but also avoids the real and imaginary force, and takes the opportunity to capture Baise again to solve the problem of lack of supply in the army.
Since the Red Seventh Army withdrew from the Youjiang area, Baise has been stationed by Cen Jianying, the commander of the Fourth Guard Regiment of the Fourth Army Headquarters of the Kuomintang. This person is Li Mingrui's classmate at the Martial Arts School. He only knows how to talk about war on paper and is even more arrogant and underestimated by the enemy on weekdays.
As Deng Xiaoping expected, the troops in Baise City were empty, and both militia were sent out by Cen Jianying to "suppress the Communist Party".
After listening to Comrade Deng Xiaoping's point of view, the commander Zhang Yunyi expressed his great agreement and immediately issued an order to return to the entire army to Youjiang. When they learned that they were going to fight back to Baise, the soldiers of the Red Seventh Army immediately boosted their morale and were full of fighting spirit.
Soon, the main Red Army troops quietly returned to Baise area. On the way to march, the Red Seventh Army encountered two militias sent by Cen Jianying. Before the enemy could react, Deng Xiaoping led the soldiers of the Red Seventh Army to fight them out of nowhere.
Immediately afterwards, the troops chased Baise. At about 3:00 p.m. that day, the Red Seventh Army surrounded Baise City.
At this time, the Guangxi warlords who were pursuing our army's main force would never have thought that the Red Seventh Army would suddenly fight back to Baise in such a short time. At this time, there were only a thousand troops stationed in the city, and Comrade Deng Xiaoping immediately issued an order to attack the city.
Faced with the attack of the Red 7th Army, the militia armed forces huddled in the city surrendered one after another. Although the regular Kuomintang troops carried out tenacious resistance, they were soon beaten by the Red Army soldiers outside the city and could not raise their heads.
After a fierce battle, the Red Seventh Army liberated Baise City again. Hundreds of enemy troops were annihilated, five hundred rifles, two cannons and a large number of military supplies were seized.
After recapturing Baise, the Red Seventh Army completely disrupted the encirclement and suppression plan of the Kuomintang troops and won favorable conditions for the subsequent successful transfer of the troops. But soon after, an order at that time almost ruined the new revolutionary army. After recovering Baise, the Red Seventh Army was ordered to leave the Youjiang Revolutionary Base again, and continued to attack large cities where the enemy was heavily stationed in Liuzhou and Guilin.
Although Comrade Deng Xiaoping strongly opposed this, under the harsh and urgent telegram from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Red Seventh Army still chose to march towards Guangzhou and other places to attack large cities with strict defenses such as Guilin.
can face the Kuomintang troops that are several times more than oneself. The main force of the Red Seventh Army suffered heavy losses. The wrong instructions of the central government caused the Red Army troops led by Comrade Deng Xiaoping to suffer consecutive defeats.
In order to protect the vitality of the Red Seventh Army, the troops were forced to move again. At the same time, the central government has also re-established the revolutionary line of surrounding cities with rural areas.
Later, the Red Seventh Army was ordered to join the Red Army led by Chairman Mao. After arriving at the base, Chairman Mao personally awarded the Red Seventh Army a banner that "fights thousands of miles".
Under the leadership of Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the red armed forces of the Red 7th Army finally returned to the embrace of the organization, and the Baise base also left a deep impression on Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
returns to Baise, Deng Xiaoping cares deeply about the old revolutionary base
From this point of view, Comrade Deng Xiaoping is not a "repeated general." From the establishment to the adaptation, the reason why the Red Seventh Army was able to become the main force of the Red Third Army is that Comrade Deng Xiaoping made an indelible contribution.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Party and the country attached great importance to the economic development and people's life in the old red zone of Baise. Comrade Deng Xiaoping even visited Guangxi several times to inspect the local construction achievements.
In 1973, Comrade Deng Xiaoping accompanied Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau to visit Guilin, Guangxi and other places. The beautiful waterscape of Lijiang made this foreign friend admire him.
Trudeau is also the first foreigner to visit the beautiful scenery of Guilin since the founding of New China. " Guilin's landscape is the best in the world " is truly well-known and the leader of the country.
Although Comrade Deng Xiaoping is mainly responsible for accompanying the tour, during this period in Guangxi, he keenly noticed some significant problems in the local economic development, the most prominent of which is the serious environmental pollution.
After Trudeau left, Comrade Deng Xiaoping immediately started to rectify local environmental problems. After returning to the central government, Comrade Deng Xiaoping also held a special meeting on environmental protection.
With the unremitting efforts of the Party Committee and Party Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the environmental pollution phenomenon in the Lijiang Scenic Area has been significantly improved. Nowadays, Guilin City can become a world-class scenic city, which is inseparable from the close care of central leaders such as Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
In Deng Xiaoping's heart, Guangxi Baise Laohong District is like another hometown of his own, and this land is of great significance to him. In March 1984, Comrade Deng Xiaoping said in a conversation with Japanese Prime Minister Hirokang Senge:
"I led the Baise Uprising in Guangxi at the age of 25, and founded the Red Seventh Army with my comrades. From that time on, we began to do military affairs until the end of the War of Liberation."
From this passage, we can see that Baise in Guangxi was where Comrade Deng Xiaoping's revolutionary cause began. From here, an invincible people's armed forces - the Red Seventh Army came out.
On January 26, 1986, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who returned to his hometown in Sichuan for the New Year, deliberately took a detour to Guilin for a short rest in order to inspect the environmental protection work of the Li River.
The next morning, Deng Xiaoping, Wang Zhen and others, accompanied by leaders of the autonomous region and Guilin City, took a boat to inspect the local environmental protection achievements.
According to the accompanying photographer Mo Zhoubao, Comrade Deng Xiaoping recalled the Baise Uprising and talked about the armed struggle of the Red Seventh Army that year. When it was almost time for Baise, the youngest daughter Deng Rong suddenly asked about some of the revolutionary deeds of her father in Guangxi.
" Did there be bandits in Baise at that time? " Deng Rong asked with his head raised.
"Yes, there are so many, they not only rob things, but also kill people." Deng Xiaoping said slowly.
When Deng Rong asked his father if he was a defeated general, everyone who accompanied him burst into laughter. Comrade Deng Xiaoping also looked at his daughter with a smile and said nothing.
Although the Red Seventh Army suffered heavy blows due to its wrong revolutionary line, in the end this steel army stubbornly broke through the siege and returned to the embrace of the organization.
Nowadays, in the Baise Uprising Memorial Hall, a horse whip that Comrade Deng Xiaoping used when he jumped into the southern border. In this memorial hall, there is also a 5,000 yuan donation from an "old party member" to Fengwu Hope Primary School in Pingguo County, Baise.
At that time, after the school received this donation, due to the huge amount, the school specially asked the donor the name when registering, but the return was "an old Communist Party member."
So who was the old party member who did not want to be named?
After some investigation, it turned out to be Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who was already 88 years old. At the same time, Comrade Xiaoping also sponsored a poor student named Zhou Biaoliang in the school.
Soon, Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s donation to Baise Laohong District spread throughout the autonomous region, and the Hope Project also attracted widespread attention from the people of the whole country.
Many overseas compatriots and overseas Chinese friends have generously donated money, and donated money has effectively solved the schooling problem of local poor students.
This was once a place where Comrade Deng Xiaoping had fought personally, but it was also a very poor old revolutionary base. The closed transportation and complex mountains and terrain restricted the local economic development.
In recent years, with the implementation of the poverty alleviation project, Guangxi Baise has completely removed the hat of poverty.The development of green ecological economy and red culture has made the local area a well-known tourist destination, and the lives of ordinary people have gradually become richer.
If Comrade Deng Xiaoping could see these earth-shaking changes in the old Baise area today, he would definitely have a gratified smile.
Conclusion
From the Baise Uprising to the establishment of the Red Seventh Army, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, who went to Guangxi alone, led the heroic Communists to open up a new world for the Chinese revolution.
Rongjiang victory, returned to Youjiang, and fought for thousands of miles. The Red Seventh Army achieved extraordinary achievements under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping and other central leaders. The people's armed forces that came out of Baise made great contributions to the victory of the Chinese revolution.
Return to the old district to commemorate the martyrs, Comrade Deng Xiaoping has a very deep revolutionary complex for Baise, Our happy life today is inseparable from the efforts and dedication of these ancestors.
