After the victory of the Liberation War, both the captured Kuomintang generals and the generals who took the initiative to surrender to the uprising were treated well by our party, and some people could even serve.
Among the many former Kuomintang members, there was a man named Yang Hu . He was once a sworn brother of Chiang Kai-shek . When the Kuomintang was defeated, he refused to go to Taiwan and chose to support the Communist Party. When the founding ceremony was held, he was also invited to watch the ceremony with Chairman Mao.
However, in 1958, Chairman Mao personally ordered the arrest of this person. Why is this?
Yang Hu
full of ambitions and follows Sun Yat-sen
Yang Hu, born in 1889, is a native of Ningguo County, Anhui Province. He has been from a poor family since childhood and has entered society to make a living early, so he has personally experienced the sufferings of the people at the bottom.
16 years old, Yang Hu seized the opportunity to study at the Qing army Navy Wubian Academy. Although he performed well during his studies and entered the Nanyang Higher School, Yang Hu also realized the corruption of the Qing government during the Qing army school. Although he was in the Qing army, he had the intention to anti-Qing.
Soon after, Yang Hu learned that Mr. Sun Yat-sen established China Tongmenghui . At that time, he was full of ambitions and joined Tongmenghui and often promoted revolutionary ideas to the worker and student group.
Sun Yat-sen
1909, Yang Hu planned an uprising in the Qing army. Because he was reported to him, he had to flee to Shanghai.
On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, marking the beginning of the Xinhai Revolution.
Patriots and the lower class people's dissatisfaction with the late Qing government was immediately vented, and the revolutionary trend swept across China.
At this time, Yang Hu followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen and helped Sun Yat-sen successfully overthrow the Qing government. However, the shameless Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of the revolution and rejected Sun Yat-sen. So Sun Yat-sen prepared to attack Yuan Shikai again.
When Sun Yat-sen was preparing for the preparation, Yuan Shikai's ambition was fully exposed. In addition to sending people to chase Sun Yat-sen, he also ordered the dissolution of the parliament and abolishing the temporary agreement of , and his intention to restore the imperial system was obvious.
Yuan Shikai
In addition, Yuan Shikai also spent a lot of money to try to bribe Sun Yat-sen's supporters, including Yang Hu, who has just emerged.
Yang Hu knew that feudal monarchy would ruin the future of the country. He refused sternly and would never be with Yuan Shikai.
In order to curb Yuan Shikai's ambition, Chen Qimei of the Tongmenghui planned an armed uprising. Sun Yat-sen agreed to appoint Yang Hu as commander-in-chief of the Jiangsu Army and also sent capable general Chiang Kai-shek to help the uprising.
On December 5, 1915, Yang Hu led a small team of more than 20 people to attack the Zhaohe ship at night. After successfully occupying it, he used the warship to bombard the Shanghai Manufacturing Bureau. This is the famous "Zhaohe Ship Uprising" incident .
Yuan Shikai and others were shocked and immediately organized a counterattack.
Because the enemy is numerous and we are few, Yang Hu and others persist until the next morning and had to abandon the ship and flee, the uprising ended in failure.
But this action played a huge role, not only shocking the reactionaries, but also inspiring many patriots who opposed the feudal monarchy, laying an important foreshadowing for Yuan Shikai's later betrayal of his relatives.
It can be said that Yang Hu made an indelible contribution to this action.
Sun Yat-sen has since been highly valued by Yang Hu, and Yang Hu is also familiar with another person who is highly valued by Sun Yat-sen - Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek
Later, Yuan Shikai died, Beiyang warlords is still there, and the warlords are intricate, and the revolutionary road is still a long way to go.
Yang Hu's experience during this period was quite tortuous, and many warlords even spent a lot of money to buy him, and he had never wavered.
On the one hand, Yang Hu has enthusiasm and ideals in his heart.
On the other hand, he knew very well that warlord separatism and feudal monarchy would only ruin the future of the country. Even if you seek wealth and prosperity by joining warlords, what is the significance of the demise of the country?
Therefore, he firmly followed Sun Yat-sen's footsteps and participated in a series of revolutionary actions such as "Protecting the Law" and "Protecting the Country" initiated by Sun Yat-sen, sharing life and death with each other, and never leaving.
Especially in the 1922 Chen Jiongming rebellion, Yang Hu's loyalty was fully exposed.
Chen Jiongming
At that time, Chen Jiongming wanted to abolish his post because of damaging the Northern Expedition. When Chen Jiongming learned about it, he took the initiative and ordered people to bombard the location of the Presidential Palace, and sent people to surround the Presidential Palace.
In a critical moment, Yang Hu, as the captain of Sun Yat-sen's guard corps, personally selected 200 warriors to form a suicide squad, each with one shot in his hand, and tried his best to protect Sun Yat-sen in the rain of bullets, and finally successfully led Sun Yat-sen to the Yongfeng ship to escape.
At that time, no one could have thought that Yang Hu would transform into what he would later.
became sworn brothers with Jiang and forgot his original intention
Yang Hu's transformation has a lot to do with Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorial ambition was not a day or two, but a long plan.
As early as when Sun Yat-sen had not passed away, Chiang Kai-shek prepared for his future rise. He always tried his best to make friends with capable people.
Yang Hu and Sun Yat-sen are both valued by him, and they are both veterans in the Kuomintang, so he naturally won't let it go.
Yang Hu
When Sun Yat-sen was alive, he advocated "Alliance with Russia and support the Communist Party and fight against warlords" .
After Sun Yat-sen's death, Chiang Kai-shek's position in the Kuomintang gradually became transcendent. He had no good impression of the Communist Party and believed that the Communist Party was an obstacle to his monopoly of power and wanted to eradicate it.
For this reason, Chiang Kai-shek tried his best to win over the partners who could cooperate. Although Wang Jingwei, , Bai Chongxi and others were opponents, Chiang Kai-shek was consistent with them in the eradication of the Communist Party.
When Sun Yat-sen passed away, Yang Hu's status was no longer the same as before. Chiang Kai-shek gradually saw that he had shown signs of having tasted power, so he tried his best to win over him and even became brothers of different surnames with him.
Yang Hu had rejected many people's bribes in the past, but this time, he was shaken by Chiang Kai-shek.
Because in the past, those who wooed him were feudal forces or warlords, Chiang Kai-shek now regards himself as the heir of Sun Yat-sen. Yang Hu believes that his internal enlistment is different from those of outsiders.
And Chiang Kai-shek also instilled in him the concept: The Kuomintang is following the bourgeois path, and capitalism isn’t it also an advanced system? Isn’t Western countries strong in capitalism? Why follow the Communist Party and endure hardships?
Amid Chiang Kai-shek's "persuasion" and selfishness, Yang Hu was moved. He seemed to see a beautiful life waiting for him, with a high position and a powerful position, above ten thousand people!
In the end, he leaned towards Chiang Kai-shek and was determined to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek to get rid of the Communist Party!
Yang Hu
So, "April 12 Counter-Revolutionary Coup" happened.
In this coup, the Communist Party and the vast majority of working class became the targets of being massacred and ravaged.
Yang Hu is responsible for contacting the three leading leaders of Shanghai gangs - Huang Jinrong , Zhang Xiaolin , Du Yuesheng . These gang leaders agreed to cooperate.
In the early morning of April 12, these gangsters attacked the armed masses of workers in Shanghai. Because the incident happened suddenly and with the cooperation of Chiang Kai-shek's troops, the workers were caught off guard.
In this coup, hundreds of revolutionary workers were beaten to death, more than 300 progressive and Communist Party members were killed, more than 500 arrests, and more than 5,000 people were missing, and life and death were unknown.
Afterward Yang Hu was appointed as the commander of Shanghai's security by Chiang Kai-shek. He colluded with another Kuomintang member, Chen Qun, and hunted and killed Communists in Shanghai and other places. The Secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, Chen Yannian, died in this storm, which is heartbreaking!
At that time, Shanghai people angrily accused Yang Hu and Chen Qun of "raising tigers in groups", and they didn't know how much blood was covered in their hands.
After doing all this, Yang Hu deceived himself and told himself that this was a "purgation of the party" and was to maintain the unity of the domestic regime. He was right!
But in fact, he has long forgotten his original intention just for power and wealth.
is sworn in the face of profit, so naturally he is flirting with profit
Some people can become confidants because of loyalty and righteousness, and will never regret it in their entire lives.
Some people can call each other brothers for profit, but history tells us that cooperation is often against us because of profit.
Yang Hu and Chiang Kai-shek are a typical example of the purpose of rebellion for profit.
is ridiculous. Mr. Chiang likes to recruit others with his own power and wealth, but if the person he is recruited is really attracted and immersed in power and wealth, he is also afraid that raising a tiger will cause trouble to retaliate against himself. It is extremely ironic.
Yang Hu helped Chiang Kai-shek eradicate a large number of Communist Party members and was valued by Chiang Kai-shek. From then until 1937, he served in Shanghai as a guard commander, security director, and Songhu guard commander.
During the past ten years, Yang Hu was in power, and with Chiang Kai-shek's trust, he became the local emperor of Shanghai, and both black and white were respectful.
is rich and powerful, Yang Hu's heart gradually expands,
He was immersed in luxury and enjoyed Chiang Kai-shek, and spent a lot of money to build a luxurious villa called "Qingshan Baiju" in , West Lake , like a palace.
He lives in it and enjoys luxury and comfort, and uses his power to collect excessive taxes to satisfy his selfish desires. He really treats himself as an emperor.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek had already surpassed Bai Chongxi, Feng Yuxiang and others, and established a dictatorial regime within the Kuomintang. Seeing that someone under his command was so arrogant and he acted as if he was the only one, how could Chiang Kai-shek agree?
What kind of sworn brothers are you standing aside in the face of interests!
Chiang Kai-shek was dissatisfied with the "swedish brothers" who tried to be on par with him. He began to suppress Yang Hu's power and transferred Yang Hu to the Central Supervisory Committee of the Kuomintang in 1931.
This position is just a false position and has no real power, which makes Yang Hu dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek and rebellious in his heart.
1937, the Japanese army attacked Shanghai. Although Yang Hu insisted on fighting, Shanghai eventually fell and he fled to Wuhan.
Chiang Kai-shek thought about moving the capital of the National Government to Chongqing, and entrusting Yang Hu to Sichuan to clear the forces of all parties and preparing for the capital.
And this time during this trip to Chongqing, Yang Hu met a very important person - Zhou Enlai.
Zhou Enlai: You can correct mistakes and treat them equally
1937, Comrade Zhou Enlai was handling the important matters at the Eighth Route Army Office in Chongqing. Yang Hu was working on the Kuomintang’s relocation of the capital and accidentally met Zhou Enlai.
The Communist Party has always been tolerant, and the revolution has not yet succeeded. Our Party advocates uniting all forces that can be united.
After meeting Yang Hu many times, Zhou Enlai deliberately explored his tone. The two talked about the "April 12 Coup" that year. At this time, Yang Hu showed a guilty look because of his rebellion with Chiang Kai-shek.
Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai comforted him. At that time, he was just acting on orders and could not blame him all. Besides, people are not sages, so who can do nothing?
"If you know your mistakes, the Communist Party will treat you equally, because when we look at anyone, we will not only look at his past and present, but also focus on a person's future!"
I have to say that Zhou Enlai's words are really powerful. After a long talk, Yang Hu was deeply impressed by his personal charm, and he felt more and more regretful about his past behavior, and he had the intention of making friends.
And this is a secret move laid by Comrade Zhou Enlai for the united front.
and then the Anti-Japanese War was won, and the civil war broke out.
Time came in April 1949, when Nanjing was liberated, the situation was basically clear, and the People's Liberation Army soldiers were advancing towards Shanghai.
The furious Kuomintang spies decided to kill Shanghai democrats who supported the Communist Party, Zhang Lan, Luo Longji, and others before they fled.
In a critical moment, the secret chess buried by Zhou Enlai was launched!
was a veteran intelligence cadre in the Communist Party, Wu Ke, who firmly came forward to contact Yang Hu. Yang Hu used his influence in the government and Shanghai gangs to arrange a series of actions, and finally intercepted Zhang Lan and others halfway during the execution.
This rescue operation is equivalent to Yang Hu's letter of surrender, telling the Communist Party: He has abandoned the secret and turned to the light.
Then Shanghai was liberated, Yang Hu felt confident and decisively refused Chiang Kai-shek's invitation to go to Taiwan.
Soon after, the grand founding ceremony was held. Yang Hu was invited to attend. Before he arrived at the venue that day, Zhou Enlai specially ordered someone to be responsible for his safety and went to the station with Zhu De to greet him.
Premier Zhou attaches so much importance to the former traitors, which shows that our party’s mind is really broad. What Premier Zhou said at the time is “treat equally” is by no means false!
is not greedy enough, and the Chairman personally ordered the arrest of
What was unexpected was that Yang Hu turned a blind eye to the tolerance of Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou and others, but instead took himself very high, so that later changes occurred.
After the liberation, most of these people were treated well for the former Kuomintang generals for the overall consideration of united front and promoting the early reunification of the country. Some people were even able to serve in the party, such as Du Yuming, Wang Yaowu and others.
Du Yuming
Of course, the party organization will not treat people who fail to serve in the party.
For example, Yang Hu, after liberation, our party did not blame Yang Hu for his past mistakes. He not only regarded him as a friend of the party, but also arranged residence for him.
He lives in the past Prince Gong’s mansion in Beijing, and he can receive a living allowance of 300 yuan a month, and he also has dedicated people to take care of the house, private secretary, and special vehicles.
You should know that the Communist Party has always been poor and gone. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, everything is in trouble. Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou and others set an example and advocated a thrifty life. From the military to the cadres of political parties and then to the people at the bottom, they all save money and save money.
In this context, Yang Hu can still receive such care from the Party, which shows that the Party really appreciates his efforts and truly puts down his mistakes.
However, Yang Hu was not only not grateful, but was dissatisfied. Why?
Because he has no power!
In the party, considering that the crimes he committed in the "April 12 Counter-Revolutionary Coup" in the past were too bloody, so in order to avoid the impact, he was considered not to let him enter politics.
But Yang Hu is used to the kind of life holding power. Although he is free now, he has no worries about food and clothing, but he has no power and no feeling of being superior to others. He feels uncomfortable!
As the saying goes, greed is not enough to swallow an elephant, and not contentment will inevitably lead to bad consequences.
Yang Hu had no way to go into politics, but was dissatisfied and began to complain about the Communist Party, feeling that the Communist Party had treated him unfairly.
He learned from the radio that the Kuomintang had been planning to "counterattack the mainland", and he had the ridiculous idea of returning to the Kuomintang again.
Later, Yang Hu's son Yang Anguo returned from Taiwan to visit his father, and Yang Hu asked him to tell Chiang Kai-shek that he had "anti-communist sooner or later."
So, he began to have some contact with the Kuomintang spies.
What’s ridiculous is that Yang Hu didn’t know that his dissatisfaction with the party had long been noticed by the party organization.
In 1955, Yang Hu instructed others to write a letter to Taiwan and Japan, proposing to let Taiwan and Japan send troops and be responsible for the outrageous plan of "receiving".
His actions were under the surveillance of the party, and the letter was intercepted at the border defense department before it was sent.
The evidence is conclusive, and Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou are angry at this ungrateful villain.
1958, Chairman Mao personally ordered the arrest of Yang Hu and arrested him. In September of the same year, Yang Hu was sentenced to death by the court to suspend for two years. He also thought that Yang Hu was old and sick, and allowed to execute outside the prison. When the verdict was sent to Chairman Mao's desk, Chairman Mao couldn't help but sigh after reading it. In the end, he was grateful to Yang Hu for saving a group of democratic figures. In addition, considering that Yang Hu was old, the chairman took the lead in changing the death sentence to life imprisonment.
In 1966, Yang Hu died of illness at Beijing Fuxing Hospital at the age of 77.
In the end, the Communist Party still treats this former enemy with kindness and tolerance.
Conclusion
Looking at Yang Hu's life, it was almost ruined by the word "right".
When he followed Sun Yat-sen in his early years, he also had ambition and enthusiasm, and he also refused temptation.
But with his high position and power, power has fascinated his heart and eyes. It was already the right way to be accepted by the Communist Party. As a result, he once again went astray because of his greed for power. If Chairman Mao had not had a broad mind, he would have been afraid that he would not have had a good end.
is visible. If you cannot view power and wealth correctly, these "motives" that make people struggle for will make people lose their minds!
