TaihelingA serious conversation was taking place in Yan Xishan's military camp.
Yan Xishan had no expression on his face and said: I hope the Eighth Route Army can fight head-on, and I believe that with your combat effectiveness, you can also restrain the Japanese devils.
Sitting opposite Yan Xishan was the gentle Premier Zhou. He refused: Our Eighth Route Army insisted on fighting guerrilla warfare , which is a principle that we will not waver.
At the time the two were having a fierce conversation, a person suddenly came in. The man lowered his head and said a few words to Yan Xishan. Premier Zhou looked closely and saw clearly the person's appearance. Then his expression changed drastically.
Premier Zhou suddenly cursed at this person: Get out of here! Premier Zhou, who had always been gentle, suddenly became furious, and everyone present was shocked.
The person who was scolded by Premier Zhou instantly turned pale, but he couldn't say anything. Yan Xishan, who was standing beside him, was also a little curious about why Premier Zhou was so angry at Zhang Mutao.
That’s right, this person’s name is Zhang Mutao. So, what kind of holiday does he have between him and Premier Zhou? What kind of character was Zhang Mutao in that era?
(Prime Minister Zhou)
Rising revolutionary star
During the revolution, there were countless heroes and many traitors, and Zhang Mutao was a mixture of the two. In the early stage, he was undoubtedly a revolutionary star with unlimited potential.
Zhang Mutao's original name was Zhang Jinyin. He was born in 1902. Unlike many people at that time, his family was very wealthy and he had good conditions for him to go to school since he was a child.
(Zhang Mutao)
He has been talented since childhood and is very good at studying. Finally, he relied on his excellent grades to study in Shaanxi Provincial Middle School. Here, he met the first important person in his life - Wei Yechou.
Wei Yechou is a member of the Communist Party of China. He serves as the director of the teaching at Shaanxi Provincial Middle School. During class, he always spreads advanced ideas and revolutionary ideas. The students were deeply influenced, and Zhang Mutao was one of them.
After this, Zhang Mutao read a large number of revolutionary books and magazines himself, such as "New Youth" and "Chinese Youth", which also allowed Zhang Mutao to complete the transformation of his thoughts.
Wei Yechou also quickly noticed Zhang Mutao. After many contacts, Wei Yechou quickly shocked the 21-year-old young man. His intelligence, his thoughts, and his abilities. Wei Yechou believed that Zhang Mutao would be an important force in the future revolution.
1924, under the introduction of Wei Yechou, Zhang Mutao successfully joined the Communist Youth League and became a glorious proletarian soldier.
(Wei Yechou)
Zhang Mutao did not disappoint his mentor's expectations. He soon joined hands with others to jointly found the journal "Shaanxi Youth" to spread new cultural ideas to local and even the whole country through this magazine.
Soon, Zhang Mutao also gained a large amount of influence. Not only did he succeed in the journal, he also led the student movement. He completed the "reform" in just one year and became a Communist Party member. After
, Zhang Mutao has been committed to propaganda work and party affairs in Shaanxi Province. His unremitting efforts have quickly received attention from the central government. At the subsequent Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Zhang Mutao went to Moscow as the only representative in Shaanxi to attend the meeting.
After returning to China, Zhang Mutao began to be valued by the Party Central Committee. He was first sent to Jiangxi to guide the work of the Party organization, and then went to Tianjin to serve as a member of the Provincial Standing Committee, and then served as the Organization Minister of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee.
The so-called Shunzhi Province is actually Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin, which is a very important area, so the work of the Party Central Committee here must be very important.
(Zhang Mutao)
Furthermore, the Organization Minister is responsible for publicity and leadership work. It is generally necessary for party members to have profound experience and outstanding abilities to be able to take on it. At this time, Zhang Mutao was only twenty-six years old. It is rare to take on important responsibilities at such a young age.
At that time, many people in the party opposed Zhang Mutao's heavy responsibility, but with the strong persuasion of Premier Zhou and others, the opponents were allowed to withdraw their opinions.
Premier Zhou is also one of the many people who are optimistic about Zhang Mutao's future. Zhang Mutao's work ability left a deep impression on Premier Zhou, but he thought that in the future he would become one of the people that Premier Zhou hates the most.
In the work of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee, Zhang Mutao completely changed his views on those who had opposed him and questioned him.
The work of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee is difficult to carry out. First, in the face of the obstruction of the Kuomintang, and second, people in the party betray the revolution from time to time, resulting in huge losses in the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee. Fortunately, Zhang Mutao's efforts to recover helped the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee overcome the difficulties.
Not long after, Zhang Mutao was sent to Wuhan to work as secretary of the Yangtze River Bureau. The revolutionary situation here is more severe than Shunzhi Province. The white fear led by Chiang Kai-shek is spreading in the Yangtze River .
(the country where white terror spreads)
In the difficult situation, the line within the party also showed errors.
At that time, Mr. Li Lisan was the one who dominated the party's rights. Due to his ideological errors, the " Lisan Line " he ordered to implement was completely inconsistent with the specific situation at that time and was too radical, which led to serious blows in many revolutionary areas.
The situation within the party at that time was internal and external troubles, and Zhang Mutao's revolutionary actions in Wuhan were difficult to make progress. When the Yangtze River Bureau was destroyed by Kuomintang spies, Zhang Mutao jumped off the building and escaped, and his leg was seriously injured.
Zhang Mutao, who escaped from danger and fled to Shanghai successfully, did not receive condolences from the Party Central Committee, but was instead criticized by Li Lisan, accusing him of escaping at the time. Zhang Mutao, who was full of anger, was very frustrated and began to complain to the central government.
(Li Lisan)
In his twenties, Zhang Mutao had already achieved excellent performance in the revolution, but his slight dissatisfaction with the central government also laid the foreshadowing for his subsequent destiny.
The end of the road with just one thought
Let’s talk about that day Premier Zhou attended the meeting. It was in 1937. The CCP and Yan Xishan cooperated to fight against Japan. Premier Zhou was invited by Yan Xishan to go to Taiyuan to attend the meeting in person and discuss the key strategies for fighting against Japan.
Just as the two were discussing fiercely, Zhang Mutao appeared beside Yan Xishan. When he saw Zhang Mutao, Premier Zhou changed his gentle image in the past and cursed: Get out of here!
Yan Xishan knew that Zhang Mutao was a member of the Communist Party of China before, but he didn't expect that he had such a big holiday with the Communist Party of China, so he quickly came out to smooth things out: Enlai, Zhang Mutao was also a member of the Communist Party of China before, so don't hurt the harmony.
Weekly Prime Minister's anger has not diminished and pointed at Zhang Mutao and said: He is a Trotskyist and a surrenderist. At this meeting today, I am not him!
Seeing this, Yan Xishan had to transfer Zhang Mutao from the meeting, which calmed down Premier Zhou's mood.
(Yan Xishan)
So the question is, when Zhang Mutao was in the CCP, he was a revolutionary star with a great future. Premier Zhou also expressed his optimism towards him, but why has his attitude changed so much now?
Time went back to 1930. Zhang Mutao escaped back to Shanghai under the pursuit of the enemy, but was blamed by some leaders who were in charge of the central government at that time, which made Zhang Mutao increasingly dissatisfied.
Perhaps because of youthful spirit, perhaps because of lack of firm belief, or perhaps because of the expansion of the desire for power in his heart, Zhang Mutao decided to oppose the central government at that time and led other dissatisfied party members to establish a new provincial party committee organization.
After this, Zhang Mutao became more and more arrogant and organized secret meetings without authorization. Although there might be some problems in the decision-making of the Party Central Committee at that time, Zhang Mutao's behavior had already split the Party Central Committee and had an extremely bad impact.
In the end, Zhang Mutao was declared expelled from the Party Central Committee and was later arrested and imprisoned. After being imprisoned, Zhang Mutao was frightened and seemed to have seriously reflected on it. The party organization thought that Zhang Mutao performed well, so he decided to restore his party membership and let him be released from prison, and go to Chaoyang University to teach at .
TaihelingA serious conversation was taking place in Yan Xishan's military camp.
Yan Xishan had no expression on his face and said: I hope the Eighth Route Army can fight head-on, and I believe that with your combat effectiveness, you can also restrain the Japanese devils.
Sitting opposite Yan Xishan was the gentle Premier Zhou. He refused: Our Eighth Route Army insisted on fighting guerrilla warfare , which is a principle that we will not waver.
At the time the two were having a fierce conversation, a person suddenly came in. The man lowered his head and said a few words to Yan Xishan. Premier Zhou looked closely and saw clearly the person's appearance. Then his expression changed drastically.
Premier Zhou suddenly cursed at this person: Get out of here! Premier Zhou, who had always been gentle, suddenly became furious, and everyone present was shocked.
The person who was scolded by Premier Zhou instantly turned pale, but he couldn't say anything. Yan Xishan, who was standing beside him, was also a little curious about why Premier Zhou was so angry at Zhang Mutao.
That’s right, this person’s name is Zhang Mutao. So, what kind of holiday does he have between him and Premier Zhou? What kind of character was Zhang Mutao in that era?
(Prime Minister Zhou)
Rising revolutionary star
During the revolution, there were countless heroes and many traitors, and Zhang Mutao was a mixture of the two. In the early stage, he was undoubtedly a revolutionary star with unlimited potential.
Zhang Mutao's original name was Zhang Jinyin. He was born in 1902. Unlike many people at that time, his family was very wealthy and he had good conditions for him to go to school since he was a child.
(Zhang Mutao)
He has been talented since childhood and is very good at studying. Finally, he relied on his excellent grades to study in Shaanxi Provincial Middle School. Here, he met the first important person in his life - Wei Yechou.
Wei Yechou is a member of the Communist Party of China. He serves as the director of the teaching at Shaanxi Provincial Middle School. During class, he always spreads advanced ideas and revolutionary ideas. The students were deeply influenced, and Zhang Mutao was one of them.
After this, Zhang Mutao read a large number of revolutionary books and magazines himself, such as "New Youth" and "Chinese Youth", which also allowed Zhang Mutao to complete the transformation of his thoughts.
Wei Yechou also quickly noticed Zhang Mutao. After many contacts, Wei Yechou quickly shocked the 21-year-old young man. His intelligence, his thoughts, and his abilities. Wei Yechou believed that Zhang Mutao would be an important force in the future revolution.
1924, under the introduction of Wei Yechou, Zhang Mutao successfully joined the Communist Youth League and became a glorious proletarian soldier.
(Wei Yechou)
Zhang Mutao did not disappoint his mentor's expectations. He soon joined hands with others to jointly found the journal "Shaanxi Youth" to spread new cultural ideas to local and even the whole country through this magazine.
Soon, Zhang Mutao also gained a large amount of influence. Not only did he succeed in the journal, he also led the student movement. He completed the "reform" in just one year and became a Communist Party member. After
, Zhang Mutao has been committed to propaganda work and party affairs in Shaanxi Province. His unremitting efforts have quickly received attention from the central government. At the subsequent Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Zhang Mutao went to Moscow as the only representative in Shaanxi to attend the meeting.
After returning to China, Zhang Mutao began to be valued by the Party Central Committee. He was first sent to Jiangxi to guide the work of the Party organization, and then went to Tianjin to serve as a member of the Provincial Standing Committee, and then served as the Organization Minister of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee.
The so-called Shunzhi Province is actually Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin, which is a very important area, so the work of the Party Central Committee here must be very important.
(Zhang Mutao)
Furthermore, the Organization Minister is responsible for publicity and leadership work. It is generally necessary for party members to have profound experience and outstanding abilities to be able to take on it. At this time, Zhang Mutao was only twenty-six years old. It is rare to take on important responsibilities at such a young age.
At that time, many people in the party opposed Zhang Mutao's heavy responsibility, but with the strong persuasion of Premier Zhou and others, the opponents were allowed to withdraw their opinions.
Premier Zhou is also one of the many people who are optimistic about Zhang Mutao's future. Zhang Mutao's work ability left a deep impression on Premier Zhou, but he thought that in the future he would become one of the people that Premier Zhou hates the most.
In the work of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee, Zhang Mutao completely changed his views on those who had opposed him and questioned him.
The work of the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee is difficult to carry out. First, in the face of the obstruction of the Kuomintang, and second, people in the party betray the revolution from time to time, resulting in huge losses in the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee. Fortunately, Zhang Mutao's efforts to recover helped the Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee overcome the difficulties.
Not long after, Zhang Mutao was sent to Wuhan to work as secretary of the Yangtze River Bureau. The revolutionary situation here is more severe than Shunzhi Province. The white fear led by Chiang Kai-shek is spreading in the Yangtze River .
(the country where white terror spreads)
In the difficult situation, the line within the party also showed errors.
At that time, Mr. Li Lisan was the one who dominated the party's rights. Due to his ideological errors, the " Lisan Line " he ordered to implement was completely inconsistent with the specific situation at that time and was too radical, which led to serious blows in many revolutionary areas.
The situation within the party at that time was internal and external troubles, and Zhang Mutao's revolutionary actions in Wuhan were difficult to make progress. When the Yangtze River Bureau was destroyed by Kuomintang spies, Zhang Mutao jumped off the building and escaped, and his leg was seriously injured.
Zhang Mutao, who escaped from danger and fled to Shanghai successfully, did not receive condolences from the Party Central Committee, but was instead criticized by Li Lisan, accusing him of escaping at the time. Zhang Mutao, who was full of anger, was very frustrated and began to complain to the central government.
(Li Lisan)
In his twenties, Zhang Mutao had already achieved excellent performance in the revolution, but his slight dissatisfaction with the central government also laid the foreshadowing for his subsequent destiny.
The end of the road with just one thought
Let’s talk about that day Premier Zhou attended the meeting. It was in 1937. The CCP and Yan Xishan cooperated to fight against Japan. Premier Zhou was invited by Yan Xishan to go to Taiyuan to attend the meeting in person and discuss the key strategies for fighting against Japan.
Just as the two were discussing fiercely, Zhang Mutao appeared beside Yan Xishan. When he saw Zhang Mutao, Premier Zhou changed his gentle image in the past and cursed: Get out of here!
Yan Xishan knew that Zhang Mutao was a member of the Communist Party of China before, but he didn't expect that he had such a big holiday with the Communist Party of China, so he quickly came out to smooth things out: Enlai, Zhang Mutao was also a member of the Communist Party of China before, so don't hurt the harmony.
Weekly Prime Minister's anger has not diminished and pointed at Zhang Mutao and said: He is a Trotskyist and a surrenderist. At this meeting today, I am not him!
Seeing this, Yan Xishan had to transfer Zhang Mutao from the meeting, which calmed down Premier Zhou's mood.
(Yan Xishan)
So the question is, when Zhang Mutao was in the CCP, he was a revolutionary star with a great future. Premier Zhou also expressed his optimism towards him, but why has his attitude changed so much now?
Time went back to 1930. Zhang Mutao escaped back to Shanghai under the pursuit of the enemy, but was blamed by some leaders who were in charge of the central government at that time, which made Zhang Mutao increasingly dissatisfied.
Perhaps because of youthful spirit, perhaps because of lack of firm belief, or perhaps because of the expansion of the desire for power in his heart, Zhang Mutao decided to oppose the central government at that time and led other dissatisfied party members to establish a new provincial party committee organization.
After this, Zhang Mutao became more and more arrogant and organized secret meetings without authorization. Although there might be some problems in the decision-making of the Party Central Committee at that time, Zhang Mutao's behavior had already split the Party Central Committee and had an extremely bad impact.
In the end, Zhang Mutao was declared expelled from the Party Central Committee and was later arrested and imprisoned. After being imprisoned, Zhang Mutao was frightened and seemed to have seriously reflected on it. The party organization thought that Zhang Mutao performed well, so he decided to restore his party membership and let him be released from prison, and go to Chaoyang University to teach at .
(Prime Minister Zhou)
Obviously, there was a problem with Zhang Mutao's thoughts, but during the period of imprisonment, Zhang Mutao's performance made the Party Central Committee believe that he had indeed completed the correction.
Especially Premier Zhou, he has always trusted Zhang Mutao very much.
1933, Premier Zhou appointed Zhang Mutao to Zhangjiakou to form a Anti-Japanese Allied Army in .
This is our party’s important anti-Japanese plan in Zhangjiakou area. Premier Zhou can be confident in handing it over to Zhang Mutao for implementation, which is enough to show Premier Zhou’s trust in him.
Facts have proved that Zhang Mutao's ability is indeed worthy of Premier Zhou's trust.
Just arrived at the destination, Zhang Mutao first met with Feng Yuxiang. After gaining his trust, Zhang Mutao was appointed as the director of the political department of this tens of thousands of troops and began to train troops.
Zhang Mutao had outstanding abilities and quickly brought this army together. He also jointly formulated a military program with Feng Yuxiang, absorbing the anti-Japanese forces of many factions at that time.
(Feng Yuxiang)
Just as the anti-Japanese troops were growing, Ke Qingshi, the leader of the party in Hebei, proposed: the fact that the troops were led by the Communist Party of China should be made public, and the Soviet regime should be established directly in North China .
This plan was fiercely opposed by Zhang Mutao. Zhang Mutao believes that this force is a force based on the anti-Japanese program. If he turns to attack the Kuomintang government, not to mention that the national army has strong combat power, this force is likely to be unstable.
Ke Qingshi scolded Zhang Mutao for surrenderism because he did not lead the army to show the party's slogan and show the party's banner, and the two thus had a fierce conflict.
Finally, under Ke Qingshi's advice, he and Ji Hongchang revealed that the Communist Party of China was the leader of this force. Ji Hongchang then led the troops south to attack Chiang, but was surrounded by KMT Central Army and all the troops were defeated.
suffered such a big failure, but in order to evade responsibility, Ke Qingshi chose to shirk Zhang Mutao and chose to expel Zhang Mutao from his party.
Even though many people oppose it, Zhang Mutao has been ruthlessly fired.
(Ke Qingshi)
After reading the whole thing, we can clearly know that Ke Qingshi's decision was quite problematic, not because of his radicalism, this anti-Japanese allied army would not have failed so quickly. But, is Zhang Mutao really innocent?
Zhang Mutao developed the Allied Army very well during his tenure, which is obvious to everyone.
But during this period, he ignored the orders of the Party Central Committee many times, which also led to Ke Qingshi losing trust in him and not uniting the party in , which is a mistake for Zhang Mutao.
Secondly, although Feng Yuxiang was willing to cooperate with the CCP to fight against Japan, he was born as a warlord of the Kuomintang after all, but Zhang Mutao's relationship with him was getting closer and closer, and many decisions were not known to the central government. did not trust the party, which was the second mistake Zhang Mutao made. The above two errors of
show one thing: Zhang Mutao is still not absolutely loyal to the Party Central Committee.
This is a very serious behavior for a party. Even if Zhang Mutao has outstanding abilities, he was eventually expelled from the party, which was a consequence of his own fault.
(Feng Yuxiang)
From a revolutionary general who was highly expected to become a separatist who was abandoned by the party, Zhang Mutao's experience is also a pity. After being expelled from the Party, Zhang Mutao's ambitions and character were completely exposed.
Zhang Mutao first visited Feng Yuxiang. When meeting Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Mutao directly stated: There are problems with the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and other groups should be organized to fight against the Communist Party of China.
At that time, Feng Yuxiang's adjutant was a member of the Communist Party of China. He advised: You are expelled from the Party not necessarily correct, but your behavior of splitting the Party and opposing the Party must be wrong.
At that time, Zhang Mutao had long stopped listening to Zhang Gonggan's words. He went to Yan Xishan to serve as a senior senator for him, and a large number of routes to the Red Army at that time.
(Yan Xishan)
Then, Zhang Mutao came to Taiyuan with the support given by Yan Xishan, to develop his own power, intending to establish a regime led by himself.
Here, Zhang Mutao fully demonstrated his desires and ambitions.
However, at that time, Wang Dingnan, an underground party member in Taiyuan, learned about Zhang Mutao's purpose in time and secretly stopped him. Zhang Mutao's ambition was self-defeating.
Shortly after the Xi'an Incident, Yang Hucheng and Zhang Xueliang called on people from all sides to come to Xi'an for discussion, and Zhang Mutao went to Xi'an as a representative of Yan Xishan.
At that time, in order to promote the peaceful resolution of the Xi'an Incident, the Party Central Committee tended to put Chiang Kai-shek back to Nanjing, and everyone established a unified anti-Japanese front together.
The representative sent by the Party Central Committee was Premier Zhou. After many days, Premier Zhou and Zhang Mutao met again, but they were no longer in the same party. Premier Zhou admired Zhang Mutao's ability very much, so he invited him to talk together.
(Xi'an Incident)
Zhang Mutao said that he could return to the party, and there were two conditions: First, let the Party Central Committee admit Ke Qingshi's mistakes, and he was innocent; the second is that the Party Central Committee should support the killing of Chiang.
The first condition is actually acceptable to the Party Central Committee, because the CCP is a constantly improving party, and Chairman Mao has become the main decision-maker at this time. Some leaders in the past have indeed made mistakes, which can be admitted.
But the second condition is obviously inappropriate. If Chiang Kai-shek is killed, the Kuomintang will inevitably be in chaos. It will be very difficult to unite forces to fight against Japan at that time.
The CCP criticized Zhang Mutao's idea. Zhang Mutao, who was already resentful, completely broke off diplomatic relations with the CCP. He then privately met Yang Hucheng and encouraged him not to let the tiger go back to the mountain and should kill Chiang Kai-shek.
However, after all, the CCP’s policy of peacefully resolving the Xi’an Incident is the most considerate of the overall situation. Yang Hucheng also decided to let Chiang return to Nanjing, and Zhang Xueliang even escorted him personally and was eventually imprisoned.
(Yang Hucheng)
Zhang Mutao still did not give up. He used some of Zhang Xueliang's confidants to provoke the conflict between Northeast Army and Chiang Kai-shek: Only by knocking Chiang Kai-shek down can Zhang Hanqing be rescued.
You should know that when it is the critical moment of the survival of the country, facing the Japanese invasion, our country should unite its forces and unite to fight against Japan, but Zhang Mutao is provoking conflicts, which is indeed a bit ulterior motive.
The former confidant of Zhang Xueliang, Sun Mingjiu, also launched an internal strife under the instigation of Zhang Mutao, and killed several commanders, fortunately, the incident was finally settled.
The CCP attaches great importance to this and knows that it was Zhang Mutao's cause behind it, so it publicly criticized Zhang Mutao. All walks of life across the country also accused Zhang Mutao. Obviously, it is really a crime to undermine internal unity at this critical moment.
In 1937, Zhang Mutao returned to Yan Xishan and was still valued. It was not until Premier Zhou came to the meeting that he learned that Zhang Mutao was actually doing things around Yan Xishan and still held important positions, which made Premier Zhou feel very uncomfortable.
The CCP also issued a warning to Yan Xishan. Under pressure, Yan Xishan had to remove Zhang Mutao's important position, which prevented Zhang Mutao from using his power to do things that would split the parties and the country, which was not conducive to the unity of the Anti-Japanese Front.
Zhang Mutao lost his power again. He blamed the CCP for everything, so he continued to openly oppose the CCP’s opposition to Chiang Kai-shek, and still had his own fantasy of establishing a regime in his heart.
(Cheng Kai-shek)
In February 1938, Zhang Mutao went to Linfen National University to give a speech. When the students saw it was Zhang Mutao, they rushed forward to siege him, chased him to his house, and arrested him.
Due to the past love and the situation, the Party Central Committee has not implemented the arrest of Zhang Mutao.
Who knew that Zhang Mutao was finally arrested by a group of students, which was enough to show how bad Zhang Mutao's reputation was at that time.
After Zhang Mutao was arrested, he was successfully released from prison with the secret help of Yan Xishan. He once again called the slogan: The Communist Party and there is no hope, the Kuomintang has long been corrupt, I want to take the third path.During the period of
, the Kuomintang Jiang Dingwen invited him to join the Kuomintang, but he refused harshly and scolded him for being "who is a shameless person". Jiang Dingwen arrested him in anger. Finally, under the order of Chiang Kai-shek, Zhang Mutao was shot and killed at the age of 36.
A famous politician in the 1930s and 1940s finally died of shooting at the age of 36. I don’t know if he should regret it or sigh that he deserves it.
Conclusion:
Zhang Mutao was once a promising politician. His performance in Shunzhi Province and the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces shows that his talent is outstanding, but in the end he was still led astray by his inner desires and selfishness;
After leaving the Communist Party of China, he repeatedly destroyed the unity of the anti-Japanese front in China, and was even called "spy" by the students at that time. His refusal to Jiang Dingwen's recruitment shows that he is indeed a backbone person, but his repeated irresponsible and reckless behaviors even show that he is just an egoist.
The inner desire and ambition finally brought this famous politician to an end.
References:
Zhang Junxiao. Zhang Mutao's storm life [J]. Today Media, 2021, (Issue 1).
Tian Runmin. "Anti-revolutionary Counterfeiting" in northern Shaanxi and Zhang Mutao [J]. Western Journal, 2014, (Issue 7).
Zhang Junxiao. Zhang Mu in the Xi'an Incident Tao [J]. Reference for Middle School History Teaching, 1994, (Issue C2).
Xu Binru. What I know Zhang Mutao [J]. Research Materials of Party History, 1982, (Issue 6).
Yan Wen. Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee's "Top Ten Policies of the Current Stage of the Chinese Revolution" [J]. Archives World, 2021, (Issue 11).
(Yan Xishan)
Then, Zhang Mutao came to Taiyuan with the support given by Yan Xishan, to develop his own power, intending to establish a regime led by himself.
Here, Zhang Mutao fully demonstrated his desires and ambitions.
However, at that time, Wang Dingnan, an underground party member in Taiyuan, learned about Zhang Mutao's purpose in time and secretly stopped him. Zhang Mutao's ambition was self-defeating.
Shortly after the Xi'an Incident, Yang Hucheng and Zhang Xueliang called on people from all sides to come to Xi'an for discussion, and Zhang Mutao went to Xi'an as a representative of Yan Xishan.
At that time, in order to promote the peaceful resolution of the Xi'an Incident, the Party Central Committee tended to put Chiang Kai-shek back to Nanjing, and everyone established a unified anti-Japanese front together.
The representative sent by the Party Central Committee was Premier Zhou. After many days, Premier Zhou and Zhang Mutao met again, but they were no longer in the same party. Premier Zhou admired Zhang Mutao's ability very much, so he invited him to talk together.
(Xi'an Incident)
Zhang Mutao said that he could return to the party, and there were two conditions: First, let the Party Central Committee admit Ke Qingshi's mistakes, and he was innocent; the second is that the Party Central Committee should support the killing of Chiang.
The first condition is actually acceptable to the Party Central Committee, because the CCP is a constantly improving party, and Chairman Mao has become the main decision-maker at this time. Some leaders in the past have indeed made mistakes, which can be admitted.
But the second condition is obviously inappropriate. If Chiang Kai-shek is killed, the Kuomintang will inevitably be in chaos. It will be very difficult to unite forces to fight against Japan at that time.
The CCP criticized Zhang Mutao's idea. Zhang Mutao, who was already resentful, completely broke off diplomatic relations with the CCP. He then privately met Yang Hucheng and encouraged him not to let the tiger go back to the mountain and should kill Chiang Kai-shek.
However, after all, the CCP’s policy of peacefully resolving the Xi’an Incident is the most considerate of the overall situation. Yang Hucheng also decided to let Chiang return to Nanjing, and Zhang Xueliang even escorted him personally and was eventually imprisoned.
(Yang Hucheng)
Zhang Mutao still did not give up. He used some of Zhang Xueliang's confidants to provoke the conflict between Northeast Army and Chiang Kai-shek: Only by knocking Chiang Kai-shek down can Zhang Hanqing be rescued.
You should know that when it is the critical moment of the survival of the country, facing the Japanese invasion, our country should unite its forces and unite to fight against Japan, but Zhang Mutao is provoking conflicts, which is indeed a bit ulterior motive.
The former confidant of Zhang Xueliang, Sun Mingjiu, also launched an internal strife under the instigation of Zhang Mutao, and killed several commanders, fortunately, the incident was finally settled.
The CCP attaches great importance to this and knows that it was Zhang Mutao's cause behind it, so it publicly criticized Zhang Mutao. All walks of life across the country also accused Zhang Mutao. Obviously, it is really a crime to undermine internal unity at this critical moment.
In 1937, Zhang Mutao returned to Yan Xishan and was still valued. It was not until Premier Zhou came to the meeting that he learned that Zhang Mutao was actually doing things around Yan Xishan and still held important positions, which made Premier Zhou feel very uncomfortable.
The CCP also issued a warning to Yan Xishan. Under pressure, Yan Xishan had to remove Zhang Mutao's important position, which prevented Zhang Mutao from using his power to do things that would split the parties and the country, which was not conducive to the unity of the Anti-Japanese Front.
Zhang Mutao lost his power again. He blamed the CCP for everything, so he continued to openly oppose the CCP’s opposition to Chiang Kai-shek, and still had his own fantasy of establishing a regime in his heart.
(Cheng Kai-shek)
In February 1938, Zhang Mutao went to Linfen National University to give a speech. When the students saw it was Zhang Mutao, they rushed forward to siege him, chased him to his house, and arrested him.
Due to the past love and the situation, the Party Central Committee has not implemented the arrest of Zhang Mutao.
Who knew that Zhang Mutao was finally arrested by a group of students, which was enough to show how bad Zhang Mutao's reputation was at that time.
After Zhang Mutao was arrested, he was successfully released from prison with the secret help of Yan Xishan. He once again called the slogan: The Communist Party and there is no hope, the Kuomintang has long been corrupt, I want to take the third path.During the period of
, the Kuomintang Jiang Dingwen invited him to join the Kuomintang, but he refused harshly and scolded him for being "who is a shameless person". Jiang Dingwen arrested him in anger. Finally, under the order of Chiang Kai-shek, Zhang Mutao was shot and killed at the age of 36.
A famous politician in the 1930s and 1940s finally died of shooting at the age of 36. I don’t know if he should regret it or sigh that he deserves it.
Conclusion:
Zhang Mutao was once a promising politician. His performance in Shunzhi Province and the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces shows that his talent is outstanding, but in the end he was still led astray by his inner desires and selfishness;
After leaving the Communist Party of China, he repeatedly destroyed the unity of the anti-Japanese front in China, and was even called "spy" by the students at that time. His refusal to Jiang Dingwen's recruitment shows that he is indeed a backbone person, but his repeated irresponsible and reckless behaviors even show that he is just an egoist.
The inner desire and ambition finally brought this famous politician to an end.
References:
Zhang Junxiao. Zhang Mutao's storm life [J]. Today Media, 2021, (Issue 1).
Tian Runmin. "Anti-revolutionary Counterfeiting" in northern Shaanxi and Zhang Mutao [J]. Western Journal, 2014, (Issue 7).
Zhang Junxiao. Zhang Mu in the Xi'an Incident Tao [J]. Reference for Middle School History Teaching, 1994, (Issue C2).
Xu Binru. What I know Zhang Mutao [J]. Research Materials of Party History, 1982, (Issue 6).
Yan Wen. Shunzhi Provincial Party Committee's "Top Ten Policies of the Current Stage of the Chinese Revolution" [J]. Archives World, 2021, (Issue 11).
