"Han Shu·Gao Emperor's Chronicles" Liu Bang once said to his subordinates:
The husband is planning and winning thousands of miles away, and I am not as good as a zifang. I am not as good as Xiao He . Even a million troops will win the battle and defeat the attack. I am not as good as Han Xin . These three are all outstanding people, and I can use them, which is why I take over the world.
Xiang Yu has a Fan Zeng , but he expelled him and could not use his strategy well. This is an important reason why he was defeated by me.
Coincidentally, in modern times, Chiang Kai-shek was invited by US President Roosevelt to attend the Cairo Conference for the time being, and became a key link in the world order.
But just four years later, the Kuomintang army under its leadership was defeated.
Political corruption is certainly an important factor, but from a military perspective alone, Chiang Kai-shek has not been able to do a good job of knowing people and responsibilities to his generals.
There are also people under Lao Jiang who are good at fighting. Anyone who is the "three strong generals" will not lose as miserable as they are.
"Little Zhuge" Bai Chongxi
Bai Chongxi is the most famous and strongest Guangxi general among the three.
Guangxi has been very popular since ancient times, and most secular people value literature over military affairs. Since Mr. Sun Yat-sen’s first revolution, the martial winds have gradually blown from Guangdong to the adjacent Guangxi Province.
Bai Chongxi's ancestor was originally named Boduluddin. This is an Arab name. He originally followed Genghis Khan and came to China to settle down from Central Asia via Silk Road .
Because Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang prohibited the use of foreign surnames, he changed his surname to Bai. I am afraid that this secret will not be known to most people.
Bai Chongxi first participated in the student army of Northern Expedition and worked as an intern in Lu Rongting's troops.
Then, with his fellow villager Li Zongren , defeating Lu Rongting and Shen Hongying , and then drove away the "King of Yunnan" Long Yun's Yunnan Army , causing Guangxi to reunify, which also constituted the basic foundation for his future combat. After
unifying Guangxi, Bai Chongxi immediately participated in the Northern Expedition led by Chiang Kai-shek.
On November 8, 1926, Bai Chongxi led Tao Jun's brigade to fight with Zheng Junyan, the commander of Sun Chuanfang, at 10 a.m., Zheng Junyan, the commander of , near Makouxu for four hours before defeating the opponent.
Bai Chongxi was only thirty-three years old at that time. He was really a newborn calf who was not afraid of tigers. He was so brave that he went to the enemy camp to inspect it in person with only a few people.
Sun Chuanfang's three commanders saw Bai Chongxi's sudden arrival, and their faces were filled with surprise expressions, and they could hardly even speak.
Bai Chongxi explained the general trend of the world to them, allowing the three of them to return to their base with a small number of guns, and reported the news to Chiang Kai-shek.
Who knew that Chiang Kai-shek replied, saying: This kind of dealing with the enemy is tantamount to secretly funding the enemy.
Bai Chongxi privately told his subordinates: The revolutionary army aims to capture people's hearts as its goal, how can it be seen and killed?
From this we can see that Chiang Kai-shek and Bai Chongxi had a considerable conflict in the management of prisoners, but it was difficult to clarify at the same group at that time. What shocked Bai Chongxi's reputation was to assist Li Zongren in the battle of Taierzhuang. In late January 1938, the 13th Division of the Japanese Army marched north from the southern section of the Jinpu Line marched northward toward the Mingguang of the 31st Army march 3 Wei Yunsong of the 4th division of the Gui Army march 3 Chihe .
Bai Chongxi suggested that Li Zongren avoid his edge in the southern section of the Jinpu Line, and use his strong forces to fight with mobile forces. guerrilla warfare plagues and attack the enemy from the side, making him afraid to go deeper, and finally wait for an opportunity to annihilate his main force.
Li Zongren took this suggestion and completed the Taierzhuang victory .
During the Liberation War, Bai Chongxi was ordered to go to Siping to supervise the battle, quickly defeated Lin Biao, and then conquered Changchun and Jilin.When Bai Chongxi wanted to take advantage of the victory, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the military command to Du Yuming and ordered his subordinates not to cross Liaohe .
Later, Bai Chongxi wrote in his memoir: "If he had advanced northward, went straight to the northeast, eliminated Lin Biao, and then pulled troops into the pass, the overall situation might be improved."
Bai Chongxi's life in military service, and he had both victory and defeat in military operations. Among them, defeat was not military command. Most of them were interference from superiors or at the end of their lives. The reason why this situation occurs is mainly because Chiang Kai-shek's distrust of non-directoral lines.
Bai Chongxi belonged to the Guangxi clan and once forced Chiang Kai-shek to step down.
1927 On August 7, 1927, the Kuomintang held a secret military meeting. Due to military failure, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and He Yingqin and jointly forced Jiang to step down.
Bai Chongxi said at the meeting: "It's better if the commander-in-chief can leave. After we overcome the current difficulties, we will ask the commander-in-chief to come back and exercise his powers."
This forced Chiang Kai-shek to be in a grudge in his heart, and his attitude towards Bai Chongxi turned into something that could only be used if he was in a desperate situation.
Chiang Kai-shek is by no means a tolerant and generous person. He will take revenge when he gets an opportunity.
After the victory of World War II, Chiang Kai-shek's prestige reached its peak. Bai Chongxi suggested accepting first and then surrendering, opposing the reorganization and reorganization of military institutions in the post-war period.
However, Chiang Kai-shek refused to accept it, and appointed Bai Chongxi as the first "Minister of National Defense", appointed Chen Cheng as the chief of staff, and set Bai Chongxi in a position of office but not power. After
, Bai Chongxi proposed the defensive policy of "to defend the river first". Chiang Kai-shek was afraid that the power of the Guangxi clique would become bigger, so he ignored it again. The defeats in
and others are scheduled, and Bai Chongxi is unable to make up for the situation. He can only arrive in Taiwan through Hainan, but he will live a life of silence.
General of the Hundred Battles Xue Yue
If Bai Chongxi was not reused by Chiang Kai-shek because of factions, then Xue Yue was abandoned by Chiang Kai-shek mainly because of his defeat on the battlefield.
When Chiang Kai-shek was preparing for the fifth "encirclement and suppression", Song Ziwen happened to go to the United States to discuss cotton procurement. Before leaving, he told Chiang Kai-shek: "It is best to recruit Xue Boling to come and help."
Chiang Kai-shek deeply agreed and said: Boling is indeed a member of tiger general . On the day of his life, he bravely protected the Prime Minister and his wife from danger and resisted Chen Jiongming; participated in Eastern Expedition and the Northern Expedition, and had all the wars and achievements.
The fact is true. On the Long March of the Red Army , Xue Yue was the enemy general who posed the greatest threat to the Red Army. There was even a rumor circulating, "The Red Army ran all the way, Xue Yue chased him all the way."
The Red Army walked 25,000 miles, and Xue Yue also chased after 25,000 miles.
Especially in the Xiangjiang Battle in November 1934, the Red Army lost more than 50,000 people, and almost all of the complete establishment divisions of the Red Eighth Army were sacrificed on the banks of the Xiangjiang River, which was entirely thanks to Xue Yue.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Xue Yue ushered in his highlight moment - the Battle of Changsha.
Bai Chongxi and Chen Cheng inspected the Ninth War Zone and suggested that Xue Yue's troops retreat to Hengyang and Xiangtan areas and abandon the area north of Changsha.
Xue Yue insisted on not doing it and said to the two superiors: "If Hunan defeats, it will be a blessing for the country and the chairman; if it is defeated, I will commit suicide to thank the people!"
After the second battle in Changsha , Xue Yue learned his own lesson and created the "Tianlu Tactics".
He explained that the Tianluo formed a deep net-shaped stronghold position in the predetermined combat place, and gradually consumed the enemy's strength by means of ambush, lure, side strike, tail strike, block strike, etc., and then used superior forces to launch a counterattack in the decisive battle field, and finally found an opportunity to annihilate the enemy.
changes due to the changes of the enemy, just like when Laojun refining the furnace first smels iron, hence the name "Tianlu Tactics".
Use this tactic, and Xue Yue became the general who killed the most enemies during the War of Resistance Against Japan.
But then in the battle with the CCP, Xue Yue ushered in his dark moment and had no place to use his skills.
In May 1946, Xue Yue served as the director of Xuzhou Pacification Office, which is the largest war zone in the Kuomintang. Directly responsible for the New Fourth Army in Jiangsu and Shandong. As soon as
took office, in order to present a gift to the "National Congress", 25 reorganized brigades were dispatched to attack , Shandong, and northern Jiangsu. Who knew that the past was no longer the might of the might. The Kuomintang’s reorganized 69th Division and 11th Division were caught in a siege, and the commander of the 69th Division, Dai Zhiqi, committed suicide.
In January 1947, Xue Yue wanted to avenge his previous shame, but unexpectedly he was defeated again in Lunan Battle . Chen Yi and field army under the leadership of Su Yu captured Ma Liwu of the enemy's 26th Division alive and annihilated the First Fast Column.
Mr. Chen also wrote a poem: Xuzhou Xue Yue covered his face and cried, and Jiang Zemin in Nanjing should shed tears.
Just one month later, Huaye captured Xue Yue's Li Xianzhou and 50,000 prisoners alive in Laiwu Battle .
After three battles, Chiang Kai-shek was beyond his control and revoked his position as director of appeasement, and then became a marginal figure.
and Chiang Kai-shek's three principles of employment, Huangpu relationship with teachers and students, the relationship between fellow townsmen in Zhejiang, and the relationship between the monarch and ministers of the commission, Xue Yue could only barely reach the last one.
Even if Chiang Kai-shek could tolerate Xue Yue's mistakes on the battlefield, other factions would use this to attack, so Chiang Kai-shek could only abandon Xue Yue.
Xue Yue is from the Guangdong family, which also leads to Chiang Kai-shek's inability to fully trust Xue Yue.
As for Xue Yue’s mistakes on the battlefield, he was completely self-defeated.
Xue Yue's war completely ignores objective facts. How can he be invincible when commanding the army mechanized?
What's more, the opponent is General Su Yu, who is completely evolved. He commands and likes to use strange moves, so Xue Yue can't handle it at all.
In addition, behind the CCP is the support of the people, and Xue Yue’s failure is reasonable.
Oriental "Rommeel" - Sun Liren
The last strong general was Sun Liren, who is known as the "Jungle Fox". The reason why he was not reused is different from that of Bai Chongxi and Xue Yue, mainly because of the influence of Americans.
Sun Liren looks handsome and tall, and can stand alone in appearance.
In his early years, he was admitted to the Tsinghua school Boxer Indemnity Preparatory School for studying in the United States with the best results in Anhui, and received eight years of preparatory training for studying in the United States.
1926 Sun Liren entered the Virginia Military Academy. After returning to China, he was appreciated by Song Ziwen. All the troops he led were trained in accordance with the modern Western war concepts, and all the weapons were purchased from Germany, so his combat effectiveness was higher than that of ordinary troops.
From a military perspective, Sun Liren is indeed a rare general.
, especially in Ren'anqiang Victory and Siping Battle , has been recognized by outsiders.
In Ren'anqiang Battle , the Chinese Expeditionary Force commanded by Sun Liren defeated more than seven times the Japanese army with only more than one thousand men, and rescued British Army , several times the size of our army.
He was extremely courageous and seized the fleeting fighter opportunity; he adopted a correct and pragmatic strategy, without excessive intervention from Chiang Kai-shek. Of course, there were British and American assistance from the side, allowing the disadvantaged Expeditionary Force to turn passive into activeness, annihilated more than 12,000 main Japanese troops, and only a thousand of them were lost.
The Chinese Expeditionary Force has become famous in the world and is deeply loved by soldiers and the people.
In the Siping Battle, just when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were in a stalemate.
Sun Liren's new army attacked Siping from the south and west, and was able to open up the situation and the Kuomintang temporarily won.
Northeast Democratic Alliance In order to preserve its strength and avoid being cut off from retreat, he retreated decisively and asked the central government to withdraw from the battlefield. It can be said that without Sun Liren's attack from the side, Bai Chongxi would never have been able to defeat Lin Biao.
After Sun Liren was transferred from the Northeast battlefield, the teacher once said:
Our biggest enemy has left, and the Northeast will sooner or later fall into our hands.
However, Sun Liren's military career has been interrupted since then, all because Sun Liren got too close to the Americans.
Sun Liren and Song Ziwen are accomplices and have close ties with Americans.
There were rumors that Chiang Kai-shek had too many tricks during the Liberation War. MacArthur suggested that the Kuomintang anti-Chiang forces jointly with Sun Liren and other generals secretly launch a military coup to overthrow Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek naturally had to guard against Sun Liren and dare not entrust him to use it.
and later, Sun Liren and Chiang Kai-shek's direct students Hu Zongnan and Du Yuming had serious differences in military concepts.
In order to build his own power, Chiang Kai-shek had to transfer Sun Liren to the rear and seize his military power.
Only when Bai Chongxi was absolutely necessary was used, but Xue Yue was not used, and Sun Liren dared not use it very much.
In fact, no matter who Chiang Kai-shek appoints, he could not avoid military defeat. The reason is very simple. Military is the continuation of politics, and politics is the concentrated embodiment of economy.
The fundamental reason is that Chiang Kai-shek dared not fight against the powerful class of the Kuomintang, so that the lower-level people would not support the Kuomintang regime at all.
Just use these three people well, at best, can only delay the fall of the regime so that they will not lose too badly. As for turning the tide, it is a dream.
Reference materials:
"Biography of Bai Chongxi" Cheng Siyuan Northern Literature and Art Publishing House
"Sun Liren's Dissatisfaction with the Jiang regime" Yang Tianshi Shi Haikongchen
"The "famous generals of a hundred battles" Xue Yue, the person and the story of Ma De Century Style
