In the late autumn of 1949, the People's Liberation Army entered the southwestern provinces and chased and annihilated the remnants of the Kuomintang army. The relationship with Vietnam has entered the vision of the leaders of the new China. During the pursuit and annihilation process, some of the Kuomintang remnants fled into Vietnam and were protected by the French colonial army.
For this reason, Premier Zhou Enlai issued a statement on November 29, 1949, pointing out that no matter where the defeated Kuomintang army fled, our government reserves the right to interfere in this fact, and the government of any country that accommodates the Kuomintang armed forces must be responsible for this and bear all consequences.
In Beijing, after listening to the introduction of the situation in Vietnam by Ho Chi Minh Special Envoy Li Ban and Ruan Dere, Liu Shaoqi believed that the two representatives were of a low level and suggested that the Vietnamese side send a senior leader to China for consultations secretly.
On December 24, 1949, Liu Shaoqi presided over a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to study the issue of establishing diplomatic relations with Democratic Republic of Vietnam . The meeting believes that before France officially recognized China, we had many advantages in establishing diplomatic relations with Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh. After the meeting, Liu Shaoqi called the Indo-School Central Committee in the name of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: In order to establish regular contact between the two parties of China and Vietnam and discuss various issues in the common struggle against imperialism, we hope that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam can send a politically responsible delegation to Beijing to discuss and jointly decide various issues.
Liu Shaoqi said in the telegram that this delegation should enter China secretly:
As long as you represent you can safely enter the area under the jurisdiction of the People's Liberation Army of China, our army will be responsible for escorting everything in the future.
Vietnam quickly replied to the call, accepting the suggestion of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and will soon send the person in charge to China.
Vietnam said that the person in charge will be Chen Dengning, a member of the Political Bureau of the Indo-Sponsored CPC Central Committee.
In fact, at this time, Ho Chi Minh had already decided to go to Beijing and Moscow himself. However, the Vietnamese side was afraid that the content of the telegram was intercepted by the French army and would have an accident, so he only said that Chen Dengning would go to Beijing.
Liu Shaoqi
One day in mid-December, 1949, the 700-acre lake in Zhongnanhai, Beijing was crystal clear, with little ice light shining, reflecting the ancient Forbidden City of the Emperors of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties on the shore.
Bar the lakeside, the world outside the wall has completely changed, but the curved corridor by the lake is still the same stone railings, and the palace walls are so quiet that there is no sound.
Luo Guibo, Director of the General Office of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, walked out of the Jurentang and braved the bitter cold wind toward the place where Liu Shaoqi worked in Wanzilang.
The People's Republic of China has been established for almost three months. The Zhongnanhai surrounded by red walls is the location of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Office of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China.
Mao Zedong lives in the Juxiang Bookstore in Fengze Garden, Zhongnanhai, and Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De also live in the red wall of Zhongnanhai.
Passed through a narrow alley with red walls on both sides, and passed the Wanzi Gallery. Luo Guibo walked into the courtyard where Liu Shaoqi lived. Liu Shaoqi’s wife Wang Guangmei first greeted her, exchanged a few greetings, and introduced Luo Guibo into the office.
Luo Guibo looked up and saw that the courtyard was disrepaired for a long time, and the walls and paint were peeling off. Wang Guangmei saw Luo Guibo's surprise and explained that this was originally the place where Emperor Guangxu studied. After Comrade Shaoqi moved in, he built an office in the east wing room.
The room in this yard is also narrow. Many people once suggested expanding the house, but Comrade Shaoqi never agreed.
The weather was very cold, and Luo Guibo stepped into the house and obviously felt insufficient heating and the room temperature was low, but Liu Shaoqi seemed to careless. He looked very good, wearing black old rough tweed Zhongshan suit , and his hair was silver on his temples.
When Luo Guibo sat down, Liu Shaoqi said solemnly: "After careful research and reported to Chairman Mao, he is ready to complete a special task and work in Vietnam as the liaison representative of our party. Do you have any opinions?"
The Vietnamese party came to the representative to request assistance, Luo Guibo had already known about this matter earlier.
Luo Guibo was transferred to the position of director of the General Office of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China in October 1949 by the Political Commissar of the 7th Army of the 1st Field Army. Before taking up this position, he came to Beijing to see a doctor, but Military Commission told him that he would have another appointment.
The Central Committee considered him to go to Jiangxi to serve as the Party Secretary of the Gannan District, as well as the commander and political commissar of the military region. Immediately afterwards, there was a new consideration and soliciting Luo Guibo's opinions, intending to send him to Hunan to serve as political commissar in the 21st Corps of General Chen Mingren who had already rebelled.
That was when New China was born and all industries were waiting to be rejuvenated. Finally, Zhu De, the commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army, made up his mind to build a regular military commission office. After reporting Mao Zedong's approval, Luo Guibo was transferred to General Office of the Military Commission as the director.
The newly formed General Office of the Military Commission has limited conditions. Luo Guibo's desk is paired with Commander-in-Chief Zhu De's desk, and Nie Rongzhen and Ye Jianying are also working in the same place.
appears in front of these founding fathers all day long, perhaps one of the reasons why Luo Guibo was selected to go to Vietnam to serve as the liaison representative of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
A few days ago, Liu Shaoqi had consulted Luo Guibo's opinions. At that time, Luo Guibo was not prepared and did not agree. So Liu Shaoqi once again stated clearly at this moment that Ho Chi Minh wrote a letter and sent someone to ask us for assistance, asking us to send someone to Vietnam. The central government decided to ask you to go, depending on what your opinions are?
Luo Guibo thought for a while and said, "I have never been to such a job before. I lack experience and are afraid of misleading things. In addition, I don't know how long I went to Beijing. I originally wanted to check my health."
Liu Shaoqi said, "You will not go to Vietnam for a long time. It is about three months. You mainly go to Vietnam to understand the situation and report to the central government."
Liu Shaoqi clearly said that there are three tasks for you to go to Vietnam: the first is to thank the Vietnamese comrades for their support for the Chinese revolution; the second is to communicate the relationship between the central government of the two parties; the third is to investigate the current political, military, economic, cultural and other aspects of Vietnam, so that the central government can determine the policies and plans to help Vietnam. Because we know very little about the situation in Vietnam.
Luo Guibo felt that the responsibility was heavy. He looked at Liu Shaoqi and said, "I deeply feel the trust of the central government in me, but this is a new job for me that I have never been exposed to. The task is complicated and arduous, and I am worried that it will be difficult to be competent."
Liu Shaoqi took over the conversation and said, "We think you are competent."
Liu Shaoqi briefly introduced the current situation in Vietnam to Luo Guibo. He said:
"French colonialism has made a comeback and occupied various cities and major transportation routes in southern Vietnam. In northern Vietnam, the French army is eroding the divided base areas led by the Indo-Shanghai Communist Party, and the situation is very difficult. Internationally, no country has recognized the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, and no country has provided assistance to Vietnam. The revolutionary struggle of the Vietnamese people is in a situation where the enemy is strong and we are weak and we are isolated and helpless."
Liu Shaoqi said: "The central government believes that the people who have won the revolutionary victory should assist the just struggle for the people who are fighting for liberation. Aiding the Vietnamese people's anti-French struggle is our unshirkable internationalist obligation."
He added: "What's more, the French colonialists have also quarreled. He formed the remnants of the Kuomintang and border bandits, blocked the Sino-Vietnam border, and often harassed the border residents in Yunnan and Guangxi, our country, which brought disaster to the people of our two countries. "
, Luo Guibo, Director of the General Office of the Central Military Commission, he stipulated the tasks of Luo Guibo after going to Vietnam: "As the liaison representative of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, when he went to Vietnam, he mainly went to see and discuss how to aid Vietnam. You first understand the situation, first establish bipartisan relations, do investigations and research, and provide the central government with decisions. It took about three months. As for the physical condition, let's talk about it for three months, and come back after completing the task."
Finally, Luo Guibo said in the tone of his generation: "Resolutely obey the decisions of the central government."
Luo Guibo, 42 years old at the time, was an old Red Army soldier. He was from Nankang County, Jiangxi Province. He was born in 1907 in a declining old family. After the 1911 Revolution, anti-feudal thoughts were widely spread. He received enlightenment education from the democratic revolution, and gradually accepted revolutionary ideas when he was studying in the provincial normal school in Ganzhou. In
1926, Luo Guibo was introduced to join the Kuomintang from Chen Zanxian, a famous Communist who was also a member of the Kuomintang at the time. He soon joined the Communist Party of China, participated in the Autumn Harvest Rampage in southern Gannan, and later served as secretary of the Anyuan County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1930, Luo Guibo, who served as secretary of the Ganxian County Party Committee, was transferred to Red Army , served as the political commissar of the column. In the second half of that year, 23-year-old Luo Guibo served as the commander of the 35th Army of the Southern Gansu Red Army and was immediately renamed the political commissar.
He participated in the 25,000-mile Long March and was the political commissar of the 3rd Battalion of the Red Army Cadre Regiment. On the way to Long March, he led his troops to serve as the guard task of the famous Zunyi Conference .
In 1937, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing. Luo Guibo served as the Minister of the Civil Movement Department of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army and the Political Commissar of the 358th Brigade. Since then, he has worked in Jinsui for a long time. He has served as the political commissar of the New Army in Northwest Shanxi, the Party Committee of the Luliang District of the Jinsui Branch, and the commander and political commissar of the Luliang Military Region.
During the Liberation War, he was the commander and political commissar of the Jinzhong Military Region. Luo Guibo has a peaceful temperament, doesn't speak much on weekdays, is cautious in dealing with things, and is good at opening up the situation in a difficult environment. Because he has long been in charge of comprehensive work in one aspect or region, he has rich experience.
After talking to Liu Shaoqi, under the arrangement of Yang Shangkun, Director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, Luo Guibo first met and talked with Huang Wenhuan (at the time of pseudonym Chen Chunfeng) who came to Beijing by the Soviet Union. Next, he talked with Li Ban and Ruan Derui who had been waiting in Beijing, listened to their introduction to the situation in Vietnam, and contacted with the General Staff Department of the Central Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, General Logistics Department, and Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee.
On December 25, Liu Shaoqi called the Central Committee of the Indo-School Committee to inform the Vietnamese side of Luo Guibo's mission: 3
Li Bishan . Comrade Ruan Derui 2 came to Beijing and has made a report and conveyed your request. We are very willing to give you some assistance. In order to enable these assistance to be realized in detail, we plan to send a representative and five or six members to bring a radio station to Vietnam to contact you through Guangxi. Do you agree? Please reply immediately.
On December 28, Liu Shaoqi sent another call to Ho Chi Minh:
The representatives we are going to send to Vietnam are still in secret for the time being.
Vietnam responded quickly. On the eve of New Year's Day in 1950, Ho Chi Minh called Mao Zedong:
I am very happy to learn about the establishment of the Government of the People's Republic of China. On behalf of the Vietnamese government and people, I would like to congratulate the President, the Chinese government and people. Vietnam and China are brothers with thousands of years of history. From now on, this relationship will be closer to developing the freedom and happiness of our two peoples, defending the world's democracy and lasting peace.
Mao Zedong delivered a speech at the founding ceremony
On January 7, 1950, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China received a telegram from the Central Committee of the Indo-Sponsored Communist Party of China:
We welcome you to send a delegation to Vietnam.
At that time, Mao Zedong was visiting the Soviet Union, and Zhou Enlai would go to Moscow to meet Mao Zedong on January 10.
Zhou Enlai summoned Luo Guibo before departure and told him that the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was considering the issue of establishing diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Since the founding of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in September 1945, it has not been recognized by any country. If China recognizes it, the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries with the socialist camp will also recognize the Democratic Republic of Vietnam one after another. This is very beneficial for them to break their isolation and improve their international status.
On January 15, then Vietnamese Foreign Minister Huang Mingjian sent a note to Premier Zhou Enlai and Foreign Minister:
The government and people of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam announced their recognition of the Government of the People's Republic of China led by Chairman Mao Zedong in accordance with the declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.
In order to enhance the friendship and cooperation between China and Vietnam, the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam decided to establish formal diplomatic relations with the Government of the People's Republic of China and exchange ambassadors.
