People have always believed that Ji Zhou belongs to the O family group, because the majority of the Han people are dominated by the O family, and many of the surnames in the Han people claim to come from Ji Zhou. Once the Ji Zhou royal family does not belong to the O family, the understanding of people will be disrupted. The following is the haplogroup table prepared by Dr. Yan Shi of Fudan University. The proportion of O of the Han nationality accounts for 80% (M134*\M117 belongs to the downstream of O3):
Note: Now the name of O3 is changed to O2, and O2 is changed to O1b
z22 There was an explosive news from the university that they conducted genetic testing on the Xizhou cemetery in Changzi County, Shanxi, and got a Y haplogroup type. The owner of the tomb is a nobleman surnamed Ji. Ji Zhou's Y haplogroup is officially released.
An internal sequencer conference held in Fudan University announced some accumulated information. On the right side, it reads "Zeng Guo may not be Ji, but gave the surname":
Fudan also sent out an internal message. This message has been confirmed by a doctor from Fudan University, that is, the NzZhou Tomb's Y haplogroup is: Wow! Ji Zhou actually belongs to the N series, and N accounts for only 5% of the Han nationality, and the Internet is boiling.
The Changzi County Cemetery in Shanxi is located in Chengcun Village in the southwest of Changzi County, Changzhi City. It belongs to the cemetery in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty. Archaeologists in Shanxi excavated the cemetery from 2012 to 2015. Eight men and three women with complete human bones were dug up in the cemetery. . Fudan University also participated in the study two years ago. Their researchers tested the genes of human bones and found that human bones belonged to the downstream M128+, F1998+, of the N series. Fudan called this branch N1c2a1a1-M128 (23 Rubik’s Cube institutions called N1a2a) -M128, note that the two institutions have different names). M128 is the northern branch of the N series. It mainly appears among the northern Han people and northern minorities. It is widely distributed in Mongolia, Siberia, and northeastern Europe. F1998+ is the downstream of M128+, and + means there is a more detailed downstream. No wonder it has been reported before that F1998 is the son of King Zhou Wen, Bi Gonggao. According to the statistics of the microgene organization, F1998 frequently appears in Linghu, Bi, Ji, Yi, Gao, Hu, Li, Wei, Pan, etc., which clearly belong to Bi Gonggao. Originating surname. The
Fudan internal sequencer conference also announced the haplogroups of the Yelu royal family and some Hun aristocrats:
M128 is also closely related to the Yelu royal family and some Hun aristocrats. As shown in the picture above, Fudan revealed that the Yelu royal family also belonged to M128, and some of the Xiongnu nobles belonged to another downstream of the N North Branch.
Let's verify if Ji Zhou is N series! The first question, what are the specifications of the tomb? Han Binghua of the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology stated in the "Excavation Bulletin of Chengxi Zhou Cemetery in the Southwest of Changzi County, Shanxi", "According to previous archaeological data, a large-scale Western Zhou tomb of has never been found in southeastern Shanxi. Large-scale tombs of have higher specifications. The owner of the tomb is comparable to the tomb owner of the large-scale Western Zhou tombs in Hengshui, Jiangxian County, Shanxi and Dahekou, Yicheng. It is possible that he was the cemetery of another country in the Western Zhou Dynasty." He added, "Martyrdom 14 was found in the tomb passage of the A-shaped tomb M15. The is the largest number of burial carts in the tombs of the Western Zhou Dynasty discovered so far. The owner of the M15 tomb is close to the high-level nobles of the Western Zhou Dynasty such as Jinhou and Jingshu, and may also be a prince surnamed Ji." ——Archaeologists believe that this is a large-scale, high-level noble cemetery with the largest number of burial carts. It may be a prince named Ji. The human bones inspected by Fudan University were found in the M15 tomb, and there is a high probability that the bones belong to the tomb owner.
Jilin University also believes that this is a noble cemetery whose surname Ji is unknown:
. Both archaeological teams believe that the cemetery of Changzi County is the cemetery of the nobleman named Ji. So from the historical data, is there any sign that the nobles of Ji Zhou came from southern Shanxi? Coincidentally, modern scholars Qian Mu, Xu Zhongshu, and Shen Changyun proposed that Zhou people originated from Jin, and Zhou people and Bai Di of Jinxi came from the same origin.
Below is the stills of Zhouwen Wang Jichang in the Fengshen List. Ji Chang's ancestors came from Jindi Bai Di?
Shen Chang Yun in his "History of Chinese studies" have discussed in detail, first of all, first week old names documented and Jinnan area agreement, see scholar Qian textual:
we look at the literature, " Mandarin - Language Week ": "In the past, I was the first king and Hou Ji, in order to serve Yu Xia. And the decline of Xia, abandoning the grass is not a matter of business, I am the first king not to lose his official position, and go between Rong Di." ——The people of Zhou were indeed in the black history of "fleeing between Rongdi". Later, they kept secret of this black history. Now it seems that "fleeing between Rongdi" should be from Shanxi to northern Shaanxi. Shen Changyun further pointed out that Zhou people originated from Baidi in northeastern Shaanxi and western Shanxi, and the archaeological bronze inscriptions also support this:
scholar Xu Zhongshu originated from Baidi earlier and Xu Zhong also suggested that “Zhou Shu is a Baidi” earlier. From the "Fendi" in the literature, the ancestral home of the Zhou people is inferred.
Screenshot of Xu Zhongshu's paper:
In addition, Bai Di is also surnamed Ji, which proves that Zhou Ren came from Bai Di. —— Regarding Bai Di's surname, the "Shiben" of the Warring States Period was recorded as "Lord's Surname". The commentator believed that it was a mistake of Ji's surname. The Western Jin Dynasty Du Yuzai " Spring and Autumn Explanations" said: "Xianyu Zhongshan, Bai Di , Ji surname", and other scholars also have the same claim. Fanning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty said in "Chun Qiu Gu Liang Chuan Ji Jie": "Xian Yu, Ji surname, Bai Di Ye", " Mandarin · Zheng Yu" Dongwu Wei Zhao The note reads: "Xianyu, Ji's surname is in Di." It can be seen that Zhou people, Xianyu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and Zhongshan in the Warring States are all from the same origin, all of which are named Ji. When molecular anthropology has not yet been popularized, many scholars have the foresight, claiming that Zhou people are from Jinxi and share the same origin with Bai Di, and they are very respectable.
Ji Zhou belongs to the N series. Another is the language, ancient Chinese. According to modern linguists' modeling of ancient Chinese, they found that there are traces of inflection in ancient Chinese, with no tone, multiple syllables, and possibly compound consonants. The late linguist Zheng Zhang Shangfang proposed that the "Qing Lu" sword used by King Zhou Wu to cut the head of King Zhou was recorded in the Book of Yi Zhou · Ke Yin. Most people do not understand what kind of sword the "Qing Lu" sword is. "Historical Biography of the Xiongnu" as "Jingludao" was originally a transliteration of the Di language qynghrāq (Kingrak), that is, a double-edged sword. Therefore, the N family of Jizhou used an ancient Di language that has disappeared. If
Jizhou nobles are really N-series, they would have overturned ancient history and had a huge impact on the history of the pre-Qin period. The first major impact is the Huangdi clan, who is the same surname Ji as Zhou. According to "Guoyu·Jinyu", "Xi Shaodian married the Youxian family and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. Huangdi was made of Jishui, and Yandi was made of ginger water, so the Huangdi was Ji, and the Yandi was ginger. "—I’m talking about Huangdi also having the surname Ji. Could it be that Huangdi, Bai Di and Zhou people have directBlood relationship? Relating to the "Shan Hai Jing·The Great Wild West Jing" saying "there is the kingdom of Bei Di. The grandson of the Yellow Emperor is called Shi Jun, Shi Jun gave birth to Bei Di", we come to the conclusion that Ji surname Huang Di Sheng Bei Di, Bei Di = Bai Di, Huang Di, Bai Di is all N series, Huang Di is the ancestor of Zhou people. If this is true for , the ethnic attributes of the Shimao site will also be solved.
From archaeology, we know that Shimao was founded by the Laohushan culture tribe going south, and the Laohushan culture belongs to the westward movement of the descendants of the Hongshan culture. The main group of Hongshan culture belongs to the N series, and if the Zhou people are also the N series, the Zhou people are descendants of the Hongshan cultural group.
The following are the test results of the Niuheliang site in Hongshan. At that time, Jilin University had limited genetic testing technology and did not subdivide the lower reaches of N:
Shimao site in northern Shaanxi, and Baidi was also in Baidi in northern Shaanxi. People, Huangdi may be the master of Shimao site. Chang Yanan pointed out in "Study on Baidi in Northern Shaanxi" that before Baidi moved east to establish Zhongshan State, the hinterland was in northern Shaanxi, that is, northern Shaanxi was Baidi's base camp:
. Start moving east.
Bai Di is also active in Jinxi. The local chronicles say that Jinxi is the birthplace of Zhou people. It can be seen that Zhou people and Bai Di have the same surnames:
zz0 "Historical Records · The Benji of the Five Emperors" "The Yellow Emperor collapsed, buried the bridge mountain", "Historical Records Suoyin" quoted "Geography" saying: "The bridge mountain is in Yangzhou County, Shangjun", Yangzhou is now the son of northern Shaanxi. And northern Shaanxi is Baidi's base camp. Doesn't that prove once again that Huangdi = Baidi? In addition, the year of Shimao also coincides with the time of Huangdi activity recorded in the literature. In this way, the Huangdi and Zhou people are both descendants of the Hongshan cultural tribe.
Actually, the view that the Yellow Emperor is the owner of Shimao has long been pointed out by scholars such as Shen Changyun that it is mainly because many people are psychologically unacceptable. Many people chose not to agree.
When the news that Ji Zhou is N series came out, some netizens have expressed that it feels like "the whole world has fallen down." If the Huangdi is further proposed as the master of Shimao, I am afraid that many people's worldview will directly collapse. In fact, just look at the starting point. At the beginning, civilization evolved from barbarism. They all developed from nomadic (or semi-nomadic) to farming. They didn't start with farming.
Conclusion: Fudan discovered that the human bones in the M15 tomb of the eldest son Zhou’s tomb belong to the N series, and the eldest son Zhou’s tomb is a high-standard prince’s tomb. Assuming that the Zhou aristocracy is of the N series, then the Zhou tribe may be Baidi from the Jin region. This view has actually been put forward by many scholars. Scholars have drawn conclusions from historical data and archaeology in an era when molecular anthropology was not popular. Taking a step back, even if the bones of the M15 tomb are not members of the Zhou nobility, the Zhou nobility is quite close to the N series. As the ancient DNA data of molecular anthropology continues, Zhou's life experience will soon be revealed.
If the Zhou nobles are of the N series, it can be further deduced that the Huangdi may also be the N series, because the Huangdi is the surname of Ji, and Baidi is the descendant of the Huangdi in the legend. In this way, the mystery of Shimao's life experience can be easily solved. Shimao was established by Bai Di, a descendant of Huangdi. Huangdi, Baidi, and Zhou people are all descendants of the Hongshan cultural group. But here comes the question. There are many tribes claiming to be descendants of the Yellow Emperor, not just the Baidi family. Could the Yellow Emperor Group be a mixed ethnic group? It is possible that Han Jianye suggested that Bai Di and Zhou were only one of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, who was an ancestral idol respected by many tribes. It is difficult to fully confirm the haplogroup of Huangdi itself, so I'm just talking about it now.
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