The Spring and Autumn Period of the Sixteen Kingdoms Xiongnu Liu Yuan
Yu Hui
"The Book of Wei" is very poorly written, that is, comparing the deeds of Liu Yuan and Liu Cong, the records in " The Book of Jin " are worse than "Book of Wei" is much better. When the Jin Dynasty fell apart, Liu Yuan, the Xiongnu, with the help of counselor Liu Xuan, claimed to be a grandson of the Han Dynasty, so he took "Han" as the country's name, and respected Shu Han Liu Chan as Xiaohuai Emperor .
1. The Sinicized Xiongnu
Although Liu Yuan's tribe belongs to the Xiongnu, in fact Liu Yuan is very important to the Chinese classics " Mao Shi ", " Shangshu ", "Zuo Zhuan", "Sun Wu's Art of War", "Historical Records", " Hanshu ", Hundreds of scholars and scholars have participated in it. At this time, Liu Yuan was no longer a Hu tribe who could only bend a bow and shoot arrows. When the Eight Kings Rebellion broke out in the Western Jin Dynasty, Liu Yuan took the opportunity to raise troops in an attempt to establish central power.
After Liu Yuan established himself as emperor, he began to attack the Western Jin Dynasty. But when attacking the capital city of Luoyang, Liu Yuan's troops suffered heavy losses, and Liu Yuan also died.
After Liu Yuan's death, his son Liu He came to the throne. According to historical records, Liu He was "easy to learn and accomplished early. He studied "Mao's Poems", "Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals" and "Zheng's Yi". When he became the second prince, he had many suspicions at home and no kindness to his subordinates." Because Liu He was jealous and had a powerful hand. The younger brothers of Bing then conspired to annihilate them. As a result, Liu Cong won the internal strife and became the new generation of monarch.
2. The Confucianism of Hu Shi
Liu Cong, also known as Xuanming, ascended the throne and became the emperor after killing his brother Liu He. Liu Cong was also an emperor who was deeply influenced by Han culture, but he still maintained the traditions of the Huns. For example, King Beihai Liu Yi and Liu Cong have the same father and mother. Liu Congzun had an affair with Shan when Liu Congzun's mother Shan was the empress dowager.
This was not surprising to the Xiongnu, but now Liu Cong had entered the Han Dynasty, so Liu 乂 was extremely dissatisfied with this and repeatedly complained to his mother. In the end, Shan died of shame. In particular, the six daughters and grandsons of Taibao Liu Yin with the same surname were adopted as concubines, which was even more despised by future generations.
3. Cruel by nature
Liu Cong marched into Luoyang and plundered Jin Huai Emperor and his palace people and treasures. When breaking through Chang'an , King Sima Mo of the Jin clan Nanyang surrendered and was killed by his son Liu Can. You can't die because you share the same evil with the Jin Dynasty, so I will kill you." Liu Cong said, "Even so, the execution is unknown, and I'm afraid you will suffer disaster sooner or later."
4. Eunuchs interfere in politics
Just when Liu Congzhi was satisfied, he repeatedly failed in the frontline battles. And Liu Cong was just like the subjugated kings of the past dynasties, he was extravagant, built a lot of construction projects, did random things, and he didn't listen to loyalty. Later, he indulged in banquets in the harem and entrusted all political affairs to the eunuch Wang Chen.
5. Insidious and sinister
At that time, Liu Cong's half-brother Liu 乂 was popular among the public, but Liu 乂 was cowardly and indecisive. He was later framed and died by Liu Cong's son Liu Can. (Note: Liu Can's messenger told Liu 乂: "There will be changes in the capital, so I ordered them to wrap their armor in preparation." Liu Can was so convinced that everyone in the palace wore their armor. Liu Can also sent his messenger to Liu Cong. Reported: "Liu Can has evil intentions." Liu Cong was shocked and sent troops to capture Liu 乂 and more than ten other chiefs. Later Liu 乂 was killed by Liu Can.)
6. Jin Zhun's Rebellion.
After that, rebellions broke out in the territory, locusts were plagued, and monsters were often seen in the palace. Amid repeated denunciations by ministers, Liu Cong finally fell ill and died immediately. After Liu Cong's death, Liu Can ascended the throne. Liu Can not only succeeded Liu Cong as emperor, but also Liu Cong's queens. Later Liu Can was killed by minister Jin Zhun, and the graves of Liu Yuan and Liu Cong were also excavated.
7. Calmly
After Jin Zhun killed Liu Can, he claimed vassal status in the Western Jin Dynasty. At this time, Liu Yuan's son and Liu Yao came to Jingnan from other places and succeeded to the throne with the recommendation of everyone. At this time, Jin Zhun sent Butai to surrender to Jie tribe Shi Le. Shi Le imprisoned Butai and sent him to Liu Yao. Liu Yao said to Butai: Liu Can behaved badly, Jin Zhun killed him, well done. You go back and tell Jin Zhun not to have any worries. If you are willing to surrender, Jin Zhun will have the final say on all military and state affairs.
When Butai reported to Jin Zhun, Jin Zhun was hesitant (the author said: Actually, there is no need to hesitate. You have digged up other people's ancestral graves and left no room for yourself. Do you still want to do that?). Seeing Jin Zhun's hesitation, everyone killed Jin Zhun together (the author said: as expected), then elected Shangshu Ling Jin Ming as the leader of the alliance, and then sent Butai to declare his vassal to Liu Yao.
Liu Yao was overjoyed and said: "The person who enables me to obtain this divine seal and become an emperor is your son." "After Shi Le heard about it, he sent troops to attack Jin Ming, and Jin Ming had no choice but to lead his people to rely on Liu Yao. When Jin Ming came to Liu Yao's camp, Liu Yao killed Jin Ming's whole family on the spot without saying a word (the author said : This is the bad consequence of digging up people's ancestral graves).
8. The end of ZTE
Liu Yao honored his father and changed his country's name to "Zhao". Liu Yao was a relatively qualified and good monarch, and he made correct suggestions for the ministers. , Liu Yao usually obeyed. But later on, Liu Yao became more self-willed. First he killed some ministers who came to remonstrate with him, and then he indulged in alcohol, and was eventually captured and killed by Shi Le of the Jie tribe. The prince and ministers were also slaughtered by Shi Le. At this point, Liu Yuan's regime was completely destroyed.
Reference: Fang Xuanling's "Book of Jin" Wei Shou "Book of Wei"
