In ancient my country, the feudal class system was strict. There were clear regulations on what kind of food different people should eat, what kind of clothes they should wear, and what kind of pomp they should put on when going out. Anyone who wants to exceed the level will be severely punished, and in severe cases, they may even be executed. Similarly, the rules in the burial culture are stricter, and the burial objects also match the owner of the tomb.
html In 2005, experts accidentally discovered the tomb of the eldest brother Yinti , and excavated and studied it. However, the tomb of the eldest son of Kangxi shocked the experts. When they opened the tomb door, the scholars who were expecting to see the dazzling array of funerary objects all exclaimed, "I didn't expect that."
Yinti’s tomb underground palace is very solemn, which shows the care taken in the construction of royal tombs. However, there are no funerary objects matching his identity. People can’t help but wonder why this prince with a distinguished status has such a cold underground palace. palace? How many unknown royal secrets are there?
Tombs of the Qing Dynasty
The tombs of ancient emperors were called "lings". Emperors always liked to find land with the best feng shui on their territory, so that they could shelter future generations with fertile soil and abundant water. descendants and grandchildren were buried in one place, eventually forming a large-scale royal cemetery .
Because of different customs and habits, emperors of different dynasties often considered many factors when choosing their resting places. While the painstaking tombs protected the royal mausoleums, they also raised new problems for the historical research of later generations. So Most of the tombs in our country are discovered by chance, and few are actively excavated..
In the study of Chinese history, the Qingdong Mausoleum, known as "the largest existing imperial tomb complex in China with the most complete system and the most appropriate layout", is located in Tangshan, Hebei , where a large number of Qing Dynasty are buried. Nobles have provided very rich investigation materials for our current historical research.
However, compared with the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty Tombs in Tianjin appear to be somewhat "less famous". This Qing Dynasty mausoleum is located on Huanghua Mountain in Jizhou District, Tianjin. This mountain has many mountains, lush trees and excellent feng shui, so it was selected by the Qing Dynasty nobles as a place to stay after death.
This royal garden of the Qing Dynasty was jointly inspected by Tianjin Cultural Protection Center, the School of History of Nankai University, and the School of Architecture of Tianjin University in 2005. After the inspection, people planned it as part of the protection system of the Qing Tombs, and then they paid attention to it.
Most of the burials in these noble tombs are famous figures in history. The funerary objects unearthed from them, as well as related items that can prove their identity, can not only provide us with good historical research materials, but also It provides us with strong evidence for correcting history and digging out the historical truth..
The protagonist Yin Ti we mentioned today is buried in Huanghua Mountain in Tianjin, hidden in the mountains and old forests. His tomb was relatively well-preserved because it was located in a deep mountain, but it was later damaged by others .
This Aixinjueluo Yinti is the royal brother of Yongzheng, and is also the "big brother" we often mention.
If we talk about the Qing Dynasty, apart from the period of gradual decline in the later period and the eventual break-up of the country, the most famous one is the story of "nine sons seize the legitimate ".
Yinti was the eldest son of Emperor Kangxi, and was actually the fifth son. Because the four brothers before him died young, he became the "eldest brother" known to future generations.
The former favored son of heaven
Yinti has been smart and studious since she was a child, and is very interested in inventions and creations. He is cheerful and generous by nature, and he is a person who values affection and justice.When he grew up, he was both civilized and military. He was once highly valued by Kangxi, especially in 1690 and 1696. He accompanied him twice when he sent troops to Erut Mongolia Galdan. This is enough to show that Kangxi attached great importance to him..
However, judging from the current tomb specifications, the eldest son of the emperor was not buried in the Qingdong Tomb in Hebei after his death. Instead, he stood alone in the mountains.
The location of the tomb seems to reflect Yinti's ending: he was imprisoned within a high wall, and no one heard about it. He did not die in panic until he was sixty-three years old.
Yinti had lost his Sacred Heart during his lifetime, so the burial specifications were naturally very "shabby", and the burial specifications were all arranged according to the Beizi ceremony. The so-called "highlight moment" of his life was probably his participation in the Nine Sons' victory over .
According to the original script, if the eldest son of the emperor, who is highly valued by his father, is diligent in government affairs, treats his subordinates well, and respects his brothers, he should be able to successfully succeed the great legacy left by his father. But just that one thought finally caused several brothers of this generation to start the most fierce battle for the throne in history.
In the 47th year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi inspected the outside of the Great Wall and ordered the princes to follow him. On October 17, the then crown prince Yinfeng "only committed evil and cruelty to the public, violence and lewdness" , was ordered by Emperor Kangxi to be strictly supervised by the emperor's eldest son Yinti. The position of the crown prince was now vacant. Seeing the opportunity coming, Yinti was obsessed with plotting to become the prince.
It was a pity that he was too aggressive. Seeing that Emperor Kangxi was slow to establish a new crown prince, he finally couldn't restrain himself and directly spoke to his father, demanding that Prince Yinreng be executed. The other brothers were shocked when they saw Yinti acting like this, and the idea of directly wanting to kill his siblings also aroused the disgust of Emperor Kangxi, who rebuked Yinti as a "rebellious minister and traitor".
Misfortune never comes singly, The third elder brother Yinzhi reported that Yinzhi used witchcraft to murder the deposed prince, and it was finally verified that it was true . You must know that since ancient times, the emperor's family has been very afraid of this kind of superstitious witchcraft. His eldest son did this, which of course made Emperor Kangxi furious. Then he sent someone to keep Yinti under strict supervision, and now he was completely Yinti's "dream of a prince" was ruined.
Judging from historical data, the tomb of Yinti is only covered with tiles and does not even have a tombstone. The entire tomb is very shabby compared to other nobles.
After the discovery of the Yinti Tomb, experts immediately studied it, because any Qing Dynasty tomb is of great reference value for studying the history of the Qing Dynasty. After entering the underground palace, experts found many stone components in the tomb. It can be seen that although it has been eroded by wind and rain, the decoration of the underground palace was still very solemn. However, when entered the depths of the underground palace, the experts were shocked..
Originally they thought they would see priceless funerary objects in the tomb of the "eldest brother", but what people didn't expect was that the crown prince who left a mark in history did not have any Grave objects . His body has long been turned into bones, and the originally luxurious underground palace has long been in dilapidated condition.
was once brilliant but has now failed. Just like the prince's life, it has had ups and downs.
One thought, doomed
If Yinti was not so eager for quick success and quick success, with his father's favor, he might be able to reach the pinnacle of power; if the crown prince Yinreng could be strict with himself and lead by example, maybe he would be a A good king and a good brother. The division between the legitimate eldest son and the prince was a hidden danger in the initial struggle between the eldest son and the prince. The vacancy of the prince's position caused other princes to extend their claws to fight for it.
Since then, the most famous heirloom incident in history has entered the stage of the times.. In the future, all the princes will be coerced by the nine sons' succession, leading to different endings in their lives.
Emperor Kangxi had nine princes participating in the struggle for power, so it is known in history as "Nine Sons Seizing the Rightful Son". Of course, the final outcome ended with the victory of the fourth prince. The other princes were either imprisoned or died for their entire lives. A few I can continue to be an idle prince.
At this time, Yinti completely lost Kangxi's love and trust because of the witchcraft incident. Seeing his gloomy official career, he changed his mind and set his sights on his eighth brother Yinti. He advised Kangxi and borrowed the words of the sorcerer Zhang Mingde, saying that Yinzhu "must be very noble", hoping to push eighth prince to the pinnacle of power. Emperor Kangxi had lost all patience with this concubine's eldest son at this time. His putting his brothers to death and his excessive enthusiasm for the throne had touched the bottom line of this superior man .
In the end, even the eighth prince Yinhu was put on guard by the emperor and even imprisoned, but he was later released.
In 1709, Emperor Kangxi once again made Yinfeng the crown prince, but only three short years later, Emperor Kangxi ordered the crown prince to be deposed. Since then, the deposed crown prince has been imprisoned until his death. After seeing this situation, the third elder brother Yinzhi announced his withdrawal from the struggle.
The eighth prince Yinsu chose to support the fourteenth prince at this time, while the ninth prince and the tenth prince also followed the eighth prince. Thirteenth Prince chooses to support Fourth Prince. Because the fourth prince Yinzhen was originally a princeling, still wandered around for the prince after he was deposed, hoping that he would make a comeback. After seeing that the deposed prince had no chance of ascending the throne, he set up his own family and coveted the throne.
At this point, the two main factions of the Fourth Master Party and the Eighth Master Party were formally formed, and the situation in the court became even more treacherous. The struggle in this situation is often bloody, and brotherhood becomes the least important thing in the struggle. The princes are like gamblers participating in a grand gamble, but their chips are their own lives.
Changes of power have been common since ancient times, but why did such large-scale heirloom seizures occur during the Kangxi period?
Most emperors of the Qing Dynasty lived long lives. Emperor Kangxi, as a famous longevity emperor, reigned for 61 years. This created a problem, that is, the emperor was still tough, but the prince had grown up. Born in an imperial family, every prince is born to be very sensitive to the throne, because each of them has the possibility of wielding power . After growing up, many people develop a pursuit of power.
Emperor Kangxi had many heirs, including 24 princes alone. In the later years of his reign, the princes were even in their forties. They all had their own power in the court, and they competed with each other, so they would naturally have thoughts about the throne.
Of course, in addition to the prompting of conditions, Crown Prince Yinfeng's loss of power also gave other princes opportunities to take advantage of.
The fall of the legitimate prince moved the mind of the eldest brother Yinti. "One hair affects the whole body." The fight between the eldest son made the princes behind him also wait for the opportunity, and finally formed this huge... Struggle situation .
In fact, the original prince Yinreng was also highly regarded by the emperor. His mother, Queen Hesheli, was loved by the emperor and she also attached great importance to this legitimate son. The prince did not disappoint his father. He was well versed in both civil and military skills since he was a child, and was familiar with various poems and books. After he became an adult, the emperor delegated many powers to the prince. It can be said that he was trained according to the standards of a successor.
But how can we underestimate the greed of people? Being the prince for a long time has also changed Yinreng's mentality. The long-term "one person is inferior to ten thousand people" has made Yinreng's mentality, words and deeds gradually unrestrained.
How could Emperor Kangxi not be aware of the changes in his son's mentality?But as a father, how could he really have the heart to operate on his son? If he did not get to the root cause, he would still choose to settle the matter.
But the other princes could not restrain their desires, and among them Yinti was the most radical one.
He is the eldest son of the emperor. Although he was not born to his aunt, he is the most likely successor to the throne if the prince is deposed. Since ancient times, "it's important to establish a son with dignity but not with seniority; to establish a direct descendant with seniority rather than virtuousness." Yindi is now closer to that position than ever before.
But Kangxi did not take any action and did not mention the matter of establishing a prince. As smart as Emperor Kangxi, how could he not be unaware of the undercurrents surging among his sons. From the current perspective, Emperor Kangxi might not be taking this opportunity to examine the abilities of his sons.
But how could the legitimate son who had spent time and effort cultivating give up so easily? Kangxi still gave the deposed prince a chance. But who knew that the deposed prince not only failed to reflect, but also insisted on going his own way. The conflict between father and son became more and more profound. Emperor Kangxi observed that the prince even had a vague idea of forcing the prince to have a wife. Finally, he could not bear it anymore and completely deposed the prince.
Seeing this, Yinti's heart became even more unbalanced. The prince was abolished and established, but he was never taken seriously. Is this the difference between a concubine and a concubine? This dissatisfaction gradually filled Yinti's heart. Compared with the secret operations of other princes, he seemed a little impatient. The witchcraft after and the behavior of seeking to execute the prince all reflected Yinti's ambition.
As a father, Emperor Kangxi couldn't help but sigh when he saw this. There was a deposed prince who was constantly arrogant, and the second-in-line eldest son was so eager for power. , Although he understood the struggle between princes, he could not tolerate fratricide. The country built by their ancestors fell to the two of them. In the hands of anyone else, they may not be able to develop well. In Emperor Kangxi's mind, they were gradually excluded from the crown prince's quota.
The already destined ending
The brothers Yinfeng and Yinti ended up with the same end, which makes people sigh. It is really a pity that the once most powerful heir to the throne has plunged himself into a desperate situation because of his excessive greed for power.
However, Yinti was my elder brother after all. Although he was imprisoned, his food and clothing expenses were much better than those of ordinary people. He even gave birth to many children during his imprisonment. However, for the prince, the inability to flex his muscles in the political arena may be even more difficult to bear than the loss of fine clothing and food.
In 1722, Emperor Kangxi died, and the fourth elder brother Yinzhen succeeded in ascending to the throne. The opposing eighth elder brother and his party members were liquidated. This vigorous power struggle ended with the ascension of Emperor Yongzheng.
This struggle also made Yongzheng very cautious about establishing crown princes. After that, the crown princes in the Qing Dynasty were all secret crown princes, and princes were not publicly established in order to prevent brothers from killing each other and competing for power.
After fighting for power all their lives, the prince and the eldest son ended up being imprisoned forever, trapped in a world without freedom. Some of the other princes died of poisoning, some died of persecution, but only the thirteenth prince Yinxiang died a good death.
Being buried on Huanghua Mountain does not match Yinti's identity, but it seems to also tell the story of his regretful and failed life.. was constantly mentioned and interpreted by later generations as "nine sons seizing the legitimate sons", was eventually crushed into a handful of loess on the grave, "the winner is the king, the loser is the bandit", history books focus on describing the life of the winner, The final destination of losers is only in this vast deep mountain.
Today, a hundred years later, later generations of experts have conducted research on this tomb group, and at the same time set up related scenic spots to attract customers from all over the world to visit. At the same time, related historical and archaeological activities are also carried out here.
The discovery of the Yinti Tomb is also of great significance to the entire archaeological community. It has played a positive role in the study of Qing Dynasty tombs and filling in the gaps in the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Looking at these inconspicuous tombs, who would have thought how noble the tomb owners once were? We can’t imagine what a magnificent history they had and how many dangerous power struggles they experienced. When digs out each layer of soil, it seems to be uncovering the dusty past. From the cold soil stones, we can also experience the historical temperature of that year.
There is an endless stream of tourists visiting Jixian County. Most of them are very interested in this period of Qing history. They go here to watch it to better understand the relevant historical materials.
On a sunny day, the Qing Dynasty noble cemetery has been standing quietly on this land, waiting for future generations to pay tribute and visit. The tomb has been eroded by wind and sand, and the epitaph with no words can be seen. It reminds countless people of the once magnificent royal history and appreciates that wonderful history.
