On April 30, 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong, who was busy with everything, inspected the Yellow River. He stood on the bank of the endlessly flowing Yellow River, staring at thousands of miles. The endless waves of the Yellow River, and the rolling thunder and thunder in his chest, th

On April 30, 1952, Chairman Mao Zedong, who was busy with everything, inspected the Yellow River . He stood on the bank of the endlessly flowing Yellow River, staring at thousands of miles. The endless waves of the Yellow River, and the rolling wind and thunder in his chest, the majestic spirit of a great man is beyond words. Regarding the severe drought and water shortage in the north, he asked Wang Huayun, director of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission, in a majestic tone: "There is less water in the north and more water in the south. Is it okay to borrow some water if possible?"

Wang Huayun He said to Chairman Mao: "You can borrow water from the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River is irreplaceable. First, the Yangtze River has sufficient water and there is water to borrow. Second, the tributaries of the Yangtze River Han River also have sufficient water and there is water to borrow. Third, The tributary of the Han River Danjiang is located in Henan Province, close to the north, so it is more convenient to borrow water. "

After listening to Wang Huayun's words, Chairman Mao thought for a while and said: "What you said is not unreasonable. Although there is more water in the south, The only thing that can be borrowed to the north is the Yangtze River. It makes sense. From Wuhan to Nanjing. On the way, he asked Lin Yishan, director of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission (referred to as the Yangtze River Commission), to come to the warship and talk about whether the Yangtze River could borrow water from the north. Mao Zedong was pointing on the map brought by Lin Yishan, holding a red pencil with the tip of the pen slightly suspended. With his motherland thousands of miles away, he asked Lin Yishan as soon as he opened his mouth: "There is more water in the south and less water in the north. Can we borrow some water from the south to give it to the north?" Without waiting for an answer, he pointed the pencil in his hand at the northwest plateau, pointing at Lazikou. , pointed to the Bailong River , pointed to the West Han River, and asked kindly: "Can water be diverted from the Jialing River to the north?" Lin Yishan replied: "No." And stated the reason, Mao Zedong asked again: "The Bailong River and the Is it possible to use water from the Western Han Dynasty?" Lin Yishan didn't think it was possible at the time.

"Why not?" Mao Zedong asked. Lin Yishan explained, "Because the water south of the Qinling Mountains flows from northwest to southeast into the Sichuan Basin, the amount of water increases downstream, but the terrain is low, so the water diversion project is uneconomical and impossible. The projects further upstream are more difficult. It is small, but the water volume is also small, and the value of water diversion is not great."

Mao Zedong thought for a moment, and the pencil in his hand suddenly jumped over Bashan Shu River, pointing to the Han River, and asked: "Is it possible to divert Han River ?" Lin Yishan replied: " It's possible. Because the Han River is parallel to the Weihe River and the Yellow River, separated only by the Qinling Mountains and Funiu Mountains . From west to east, the terrain becomes lower and the water volume increases, so it is possible to find a suitable place. We will build a water diversion project at the right location to divert the Han River to North China through the Yellow River."

Mao Zedong listened and nodded happily. Then the big pen in his hand flew across the map again, moving rapidly along the blue curve of the 3,000-mile Han River. When the pen tip moved to the Danjiangkou area where the Han River and the Danjiang River meet, Mao Zedong suddenly lowered the pen tip and continued to draw on the spot. He made a circle and asked: "Is this place good? How is this place?" When Lin Yishan answered that this place might be the best, he immediately said: "Send someone to investigate as soon as possible, and send it to me as soon as you have the information." "

Nanyang Xichuan County South-to-North Water Diversion Project

It was during this inspection of the Yangtze River that Mao Zedong clearly proposed the idea of ​​" South-to-North Water Diversion ", a grand blueprint that was large-scale and affected several generations of Chinese people, and thus was born.

In the same year, the Yangtze River Commission passed a survey and believed that the Danjiangkou section was the most ideal section for diverting water from North China, and wrote a letter to Chairman Mao Zedong to inform him.

In mid-December 1954, on the rumbling special train from Hankou to Guangshui , accompanied by the high-pitched and exciting whistle, the three leaders of the Republic, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, and Zhou Enlai, together with Lin Yishan, discussed the technical possibilities of the Three Gorges Project. Have a conversation. Lin Yishan said: “Without the help of Soviet experts, we can build the Three Gorges Project ourselves, but it will need to be completed after the completion of the Danjiangkou Conservancy Project.Because the Danjiang Water Conservancy Project was built according to the plan of 170m above the normal high water level upstream of the dam, it can be regarded as the world's first-class large-scale project. With experience in this kind of project, we can improve our technical level to be competent in the design of the Three Gorges Project. level. "Mao Zedong agreed with this.

It was another early spring with a gentle breeze. On February 27, 1958, Premier Zhou Enlai, Li Fuchun and Vice Premier Li Xiannian inspected the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River . Lin Yishan, director of the Yangtze River Commission, said to him on the "Jiangxia" ship Premier Zhou and others reported on the Danjiangkou Conservancy Project. After listening to the report, Premier Zhou immediately expressed his support for the Danjiangkou Project. On March 6, Premier Zhou once again talked about the Danjiangkou Project at the "Actively Build Three Gorges Hub" meeting and said happily: " This meeting was a good one. It was originally about studying the Three Gorges issue, but it was transferred to the Danjiangkou Project. The Danjiangkou Project is a by-product of this meeting. Due to sufficient preparation, it has now been definitely included in the second five-year project of . Plan . "

On March 25, 1958, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau in Chengdu. Chairman Mao Zedong chaired the meeting, and Premier Zhou Enlai made a "Planning Report on the Three Gorges Hub and the Yangtze River Basin" at the meeting. The meeting approved the first phase of the Yangtze River Basin Project ~ Danjiangkou Project, he believed that construction preparations or formal construction should be carried out in 1959, and the "South-to-North Water Diversion" should be listed as a concurrent project in Danjiangkou. Mao Zedong was well aware of the important role of the Danjiangkou Project in the "South-to-North Water Diversion", and he was excited at the meeting. Said: "Open the Tongtian River and Bailong River, use the water of the Yangtze River to support the Yellow River, divert the Han Dynasty to the Yellow River at the mouth of the Danjiang River, divert the Yellow River to support the Wei, and connect with Beijing. "Mao Zedong painted a magnificent picture of the "South-to-North Water Diversion" to people with the leader's unique grandeur and poetic language.

On August 29, 1958, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Instructions on Water Conservancy Work" which emphasized: " The longer-term water conservancy plan across the country is, first of all, the main purpose of the South-to-North Water Diversion. This is the first time that the term "South-to-North Water Diversion" has appeared in an official document of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The heroic movement of New China's "Water Control" burst out a A wonderful and loud note, it has become the grand goal for which generations of Chinese people have worked tirelessly

Nanyang Xichuan County South-to-North Water Diversion Project