Text | Ji Zhong Pepsi
Editor | Ji Zhong Pepsi
He once sent people to send intelligence to the Red Army and saved the lives of 100,000 Red Army soldiers. However, after the founding of New China, he was arrested as an enemy and narrowly escaped being shot.
After Ye Jianying learned about this, he sent an urgent message: He is a hero and should be released immediately.
Who is this person?
Unsung Heroes
In 1951, land reform was implemented throughout Guangdong. For a time, all the landowners and bullies' properties were confiscated, and those who committed crimes were reported and arrested.
Mo Xiong, who was a counselor in the Guangdong Provincial Counselor’s Office at the time, was reported by the masses. He was once a major general in the national army.
When the local farmers found out, they tied him up and sent him to the land reform union, asking the land reform cadres to bring him to justice and put him in prison.
Mo Xiong remained silent, not saying a word to defend himself.
Moxiong
When the people saw him like this, they thought he was a person who had acquiesced to his crime and was unrepentant, so they jointly submitted a letter and strongly demanded to prevent him from being shot.
Mo Xiong was taken back to his hometown for criticism. After discussion, the local organization decided to execute him.
Mo Xiong's life hangs on a thread at this moment. The Guangdong Provincial Party Committee received news that Yingde was going to shoot a national army major general named Mo Xiong.
Gu Dacun, who was the director of the United Front Work Department and secretary of the political commissar of the Guangdong Provincial Committee at the time, immediately reported Mo Xiong’s incident to Ye Jianying after receiving the news.
Ye Jianying
When Ye Shuai heard this name, his face changed drastically and he quickly told him that this person cannot be killed, and Mo Xiong is our great hero.
After Ye Jianying hung up the phone, she immediately contacted Tao Zhu, the first secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and told him that people must be kept under the gun. Mo Xiong is a hero and should be released immediately.
Only then did people realize that he was an extremely outstanding underground intelligence agent of our party. He had been lurking beside Lao Chiang, obtaining important information for our party, and had saved the lives of 100,000 people in the Red Army.
How did he save 100,000 Red Army soldiers?
Heroes emerge in troubled times
In 1891, Mo Xiong was born in Shaoguan, Guangzhou. His parents made money by selling knitting products, and their income was meager. When he was 6 years old, his mother died of illness, leaving his father alone in the family to work and earn money.
Mo Xiong has been smarter and smarter than his peers since he was a child. Although his family had no money, his father still sent him to a private school.
Mo Xiong is very up-to-date. The teachers in his private school often praise him as a piece of rough jade that will become something great if he is carefully carved in the future.
However, something unexpected happened. Mo Xiong's father remarried, and he gained a younger brother. The burden of life for the family of four fell on his father alone.
Knitting
It is said that children of poor people become rich early. The 12-year-old Mo Xiong was young and ignorant. He felt that no matter how many books he read, it was useless. In the end, he was not going to make money.
So despite everyone's obstruction, he insisted on leaving the private school and started working around to earn money to help his father support the family.
In the turbulent times at that time, it was even more difficult to live a good life.
When Mo Xiong was 13 years old, he came to a seminary in Guangzhou to work as a cook. Here, his experience received sympathy from everyone, and he also had the opportunity to study and learn knowledge.
private school
In 1905, the Alliance was established. The Three People's Principles proposed by Mr. Sun Yat-sen were preached in public by many literati and won the support of many ordinary people.
Mo Xiong is no exception. He often listens to people preaching revolutionary ideas in the streets and alleys.
In 1907, 16-year-old Mo Xiong chose to join the China Alliance with his respect and support for Mr. Sun Yat-sen.
With passion and a beautiful vision for the future, Mo Xiong came to Guangzhou and followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen to make revolution together.
Under the leadership of Sun Yat-sen, Mo Xiong first instigated hundreds of "new Qing army troops" to join the Tongmenghui, and then made military exploits in the Wuchang Uprising.
Mr. Sun Yat-sen
In 1917, Mr. Sun Yat-sen went south to organize a French military government in Guangdong. The 25-year-old Mo Xiong was incorporated into the Guangdong army.
He successively participated in the Battle of Zhujian Pass and the Battle of Fengshi. He repeatedly made military exploits and received awards. His military combat talents gradually emerged.
In 1921, Mo Xiong led his troops to Guangxi to participate in the war against the old Guangxi clique. He was invited by Sun Yat-sen to work as a guard at the Guilin base camp.
Mo Xiong received a deeper influence on democratic ideas by Mr. Sun Yat-sen's side, which laid a solid ideological foundation for him to save the country from danger in the future.
Counterrebellion
In 1922, Mo Xiong served as the commander of the Wuzhou garrison in Guangxi. The former commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Army, Chen Jiongming, rebelled. According to Mr. Sun Yat-sen's secret order, Mo Xiong actively contacted the Yunnan Army and the Guangxi Army to form the West Route Army. , the troops divided into two groups to attack Chen Jiongming.
Facing his former boss, Mo Xiong showed no mercy and defeated him in one fell swoop and defeated the rebels.
In 1923, Mo Xiong was appointed as the major general brigade commander of the Guangdong Army by Mr. Sun Yat-sen, and became Mr. Sun Yat-sen's confidant general.
Mr. Sun Yat-sen was kind to Mo Xiong, and Mo Xiong was also loyal to Mr. Sun and never had second thoughts.
Chen Jiongming
Mo Xiong served many times in suppressing rebellions and was promoted to lieutenant general and commander of the 11th Division of the Fourth Army of the Guangdong Army.
But the good times did not last long. In 1925, Mr. Sun Yat-sen passed away. The Kuomintang was in turmoil and several forces were ready to move.
Chiang Kai-shek tried to seize power. He took a fancy to the military power of the Guangdong Army and designed to seize it for his own use.
Mo Xiong had worked with many Communists. He did not obey Chiang Kai-shek's orders and killed his patriotic colleagues, which made Chiang Kai-shek dissatisfied.
So Chiang Kai-shek set up a trap. On the surface, he was sent to conquer the rebels, but secretly, he wanted to take back his military power.
Chiang Kai-shek
Just when Mo Xiong succeeded in quelling the rebellion, on his way back to his class, Chiang Kai-shek sent people to surround him and ordered him to surrender on the spot.
Chiang Kai-shek used the mantis to catch the cicada and the oriole behind him. Mo Xiong, who went to counter the rebellion, ended up being the one who was suppressed. After Mo Xiong lost his military power, he ran away from Macau.
After this incident, a seed of "anti-Chiang" was planted in Mo Xiong's heart.
Chiang Kai-shek
turned to join the Communist Party
During the time he lived in Macau, Mo Xiong made friends with many patriotic people and also gained a better understanding of the Communist Party.
Mo Xiong's innocent heart to save the people from fire and water was rekindled. He submitted applications to the Communist Party for membership many times, but was rejected every time.
Mo Daozhi was unwilling to give up. He returned to Guangzhou from Macau and all the way to Shanghai, where he talked all night long with his former subordinate Liu Yafo, who had become a member of the Communist Party of China at the time.
Why can’t I join the Communist Party of China?
Party Membership Certificate
Mo Xiong was determined to join the Communist Party of China. Liu Yafo told him not to lose heart. This was probably an inspection of him by the Communist Party leaders.
As long as Mo Xiong sticks to his determination, I believe they can still become good comrades and comrades-in-arms in the near future.
However, after discussion among the Communist Party organizations, it was finally decided not to approve Mo Xiong’s application to join the party.
It's not because he doesn't trust him, but because he has great trust in him. The Communist Party has arranged more important tasks for him.
That is to get close to Chiang Kai-shek as an important member of the Kuomintang, steal information from his side, and become an underground intelligence agent of the CCP.
Intelligence agent
In this way, Mo Xiong, with his dual identity, met Chiang Kai-shek again through the recommendation of an intermediary, pretending to express his sincerity to the Kuomintang to him, and hoped that Chiang Kai-shek would give him a chance to make atonement for his crimes.
At this time, the Kuomintang was also recruiting people, so Chiang Kai-shek appointed Mo Xiong as the security commander of Jiangxi De'an.
In order to gain Chiang Kai-shek's trust as soon as possible, Mo Xiong united with the Communist Party and staged several wars. On the surface, Mo Xiong defeated the Communist Party many times, but in fact he "secretly sent equipment and ammunition to the Communist Party."
Successful reports circulated frequently, but Chiang Kai-shek was kept in the dark and reports were sent to commend him many times. In 1934, Mo Xiong was promoted to commissioner and security commander of the Fourth Administrative Office in northern Jiangxi.
Mo Xiong once said in his correspondence with the Communist Party: "Chiang Kai-shek asked me to suppress the Communists, but I insisted on suppressing Chiang and hit him in the mouth with his fists."
At the same time, Mo Xiong expressed the hope that the Communist Party could send More comrades came to him and fought with him.
As a result, beside Chiang Kai-shek and within the Kuomintang, a Communist team emerged with Mo Xiong as the center and Xiang Yunian and Liu Yafo as the main members.
In late September 1934, Chiang Kai-shek secretly ordered Mo Xiong to attend a top-secret military meeting in Lushan.
It was at this meeting that Mo Xiong obtained an important piece of information that directly saved 100,000 Red Army soldiers.
Lushan Group Photo
Top Secret Intelligence
At the meeting, Chiang Kai-shek took out many documents with the word "top secret" printed on them. He claimed that this was an "iron barrel encirclement plan" specifically used to suppress the Communists.
This plan came from Chiang Kai-shek and Germany's top military experts. It was very detailed. Chiang Kai-shek was extremely confident in this plan. He believed that the communist bandits would be wiped out in the near future.
Mo Xiong saw that the plan described the combat process in detail, including how the troops were deployed and distributed, the number of attack routes, and even the date of the attack. Everything was recorded in the book.
He thought this plan was really terrible.
Lushan Conference
There were not many people attending the meeting at that time. Once the secret was leaked, Mo Xiong knew that he would be easily exposed and would definitely die when the time came.
But he still decided without hesitation and must inform the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China about this plan. He arranged for Xiang Yunian to take the information to Ruijin and pass it on to Comrade Zhou Enlai.
In order to conceal his identity, Xiang Yunian even knocked out four front teeth and pretended to be a beggar. He did not dare to take the main road and could only take long detours on some mountain and forest trails. After going through many difficulties and dangers, he finally handed the information to the central government.
After receiving the tip-off, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China took it extremely seriously and immediately formulated a response plan.
item and the
Central Red Army 's five main legions and about 100,000 Red Army troops from the Central Military Commission agencies jumped out of the encirclement in time before the enemy took action and embarked on the Long March road.
In some of the Long March memoirs after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he mentioned many times that the decision of the Long March was too hasty when it was proposed at the time, and many senior leaders did not know the reasons.
It seems now that it was because of Mo Xiong’s whistleblower.
Chiang Kai-shek initially thought that the Red Army's quick response was the reason for the failure of the encirclement and suppression campaign. Later, he began to wonder if there was an insider within the Kuomintang.
For a time, Mo Xiong and others were in danger.
"Committing Crime Against the Wind"
In 1935, Chiang Kai-shek arranged for Mo Xiong to serve as the administrative inspector and security commander of the "Suppression of Communists" in Bijie, Guizhou, and went to Guizhou to eliminate tens of thousands of injured Red Army soldiers there.
Chiang Kai-shek had already become suspicious of Mo Xiong and ordered the commander of the 63rd Division Chen Guangzhong to go with Mo Xiong.
Mo Xiong did not give up saving the Red Army because of this, but took advantage of Chen Guangzhong's lustful nature and used a beauty trap to delay time.
He took the opportunity to notify the Communist Party in advance to move the wounded as soon as possible, and lied about the military situation, claiming that the remaining bandits had been eliminated.
But paper will eventually fail to cover up the fire. Chiang Kai-shek learned that the Red Army successfully left Bijie . He was furious and took Mo Xiong into Nanjing prison in the name of a traitor.
Prison
Chiang Kai-shek actually did not believe that Mo Xiong would vote for the Communists. After all, Mo Xiong held a high position in the Kuomintang, and he had no reason to vote for the Communists.
In addition, there were often people interceding for Mo Xiong, so Chiang Kai-shek followed suit, and Mo Xiong was acquitted a few months later.
In 1938, Mo Xiong came to Nanxiong, Guangdong to serve as a guerrilla commander and county magistrate of Nanxiong. He did not give up working for the Communist Party, but his behavior became more covert.
Director of the Eighth Route Army Office in Guangzhou Yun Guangying proposed to Mo Xiong that he wanted to rescue hundreds of Chinese Communists and Red Army soldiers imprisoned in Nanxiong Prison.
Mo Xiong agreed immediately without any hesitation, but he had to come up with a foolproof strategy.
Mo Xiong
Some people were cleared of suspicion and released without charge, some faked their own deaths and escaped, and some were "incited to rebel" and joined Mo Xiong's team.
With Mo Xiong's help, 24 arrested important cadres of the Communist Party of China were rescued. Moxiong's headquarters admitted more than 30 Communist Party members.
Mo Xiong's army, in fact, the people who are in charge are almost all Communists.
"On Protracted War"
In 1940, Mo Xiong was promoted to Major General Commander. He recruited some bandits and motley crews. In order to improve the military quality of these people, Mo Xiong printed and distributed tens of thousands of copies of Chairman Mao's "On Protracted War", ordering Man learns how to fight his enemies and win the final victory.
Mo Xiong took advantage of his position. In addition to sending intelligence, he also had people send a large amount of military supplies to the guerrilla zones, and transferred the headquarters' special pass to the CCP for use to cover our party's underground armed activities.
In 1944, Mo Xiong's boss Yu Hanmou telegraphed Mo Xiong that there were four suspicious people in his team, suspected of being the Communist Party.
Mo Xiong used his own life as a guarantee to save these people.
But not long after, someone reported to Chiang Kai-shek: "Mo Xiong is a communist."
However, due to lack of evidence, Mo Xiong was not arrested. Instead, he was ignored by Chiang Kai-shek. His position was useless, and Mo Xiong's personal freedom was also subject to certain restrictions.
In 1946, Mo Xiong was targeted by military agents and received a secret order to ask for his head. After Mo Xiong learned about it, he fled to Hong Kong in a hurry.
In 1949, when New China was founded, Mo Xiong still did not return to the mainland.
However, Chairman Mao has never forgotten this national hero. He misses him deeply and makes people look for him.
Return to the mainland
Ye Jianying was ordered by Chairman Mao to go south to find the person.
Chairman Mao instructed: "We must find Mo Xiong, an old friend and comrade of our party."
Ye Jianying later learned that Mo Xiong was in Hong Kong, and immediately wrote a letter to convey Chairman Mao's words to him.
Mo Xiong was very excited when he saw the letter. He felt that his many years of contribution to our party had finally been recognized. Chairman Mao's words were an affirmation of his underground work.
In 1950, through the arrangement of the organization, Mo Xiong was taken back to Guangdong and was arranged to work in the Counselor's Office of the Guangdong Provincial People's Government.
Very few people knew about Mo Xiong's underground party identity at the time, and he himself kept a low profile and never mentioned it to outsiders.
In 1951, during the land reform in Guangdong, Mo Xiongcai's identity as a "Major General of the National Army" was revealed. Local farmers jointly petitioned for his execution. Therefore, Mo Xiongcai suffered unfair treatment.
But fortunately, Gu Dacun learned that Mo Xiong was about to be shot and told Ye Jianying.
Ye Jianying
When Ye Jianying called Tao Zhu: "Keep people under the gun, Mo Xiong is a hero, release him quickly."
Mo Xiong only survived and escaped death again.
After Mo Xiong was corrected, he was elected as a member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. In October 1956, he was invited by the organization to come to Beijing to participate in the National Day Ceremony.
During this trip to Beijing, Mo Xiong was received by Ye Jianying and Li Kenong.
Mo Xiong actively participated in politics for more than 20 years and was elected as a member of the 5th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Vice Chairman of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
In February 1980, Mo Xiong died in Guangzhou due to illness at the age of 89.
Mo Xiong in his later years
Summary
In the last period of Mo Xiong's life, he once wrote: "I hope that Taiwan will return to the motherland as soon as possible and realize the great cause of China's reunification."
This child who was born in a poor family in rural areas, in the turbulent history Under such circumstances, we should not underestimate ourselves and make great achievements for our party step by step.
I hope that more and more people will know about Mo Xiong’s heroic deeds. This patriotic general who is responsible for the people, the country, and the revolutionary cause deserves all of us to pay tribute to him.
pays tribute to the heroes of that era who sacrificed their youth, blood, health, and even their lives for the reunification of New China.
Without their bloody battles and their heroic sacrifices, there would be no beautiful new society and new life we have today.
I hope that our current generation of young people can inherit the legacy of our ancestors, never forget history, move forward with a heavy load, and pay our due responsibilities for the bright future of our motherland.
