He is an outstanding and prestigious poet in our country. He initiated the founding of Nanshe, a famous revolutionary literary group in modern my country. He is a sage of the democratic party who sang in harmony with Chairman Mao Zedong’s poems. He dedicated his life to the revol

He is an outstanding and prestigious poet in our country.

He initiated and founded the famous revolutionary literary group in modern my country - Nanshe ,

He is a democratic sage who sang in harmony with Chairman Mao Zedong's poetry.

He dedicated his life to the revolutionary cause with his pen as an army. ,

He is a staunch democratic revolutionary soldier,

supporter of socialism, a patriotic poet,

one of the founders of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Liu Yazi.

The picture shows Mr. Liu Yazi.

Today (June 21),

is the 64th anniversary of the death of Mr. Liu Yazi.

He insisted on the truth throughout his life and was clear about love and hate.

Let us miss him together.

Liang Yizi is called Revolution

Born in a scholarly family in Wujiang, Jiangsu Province,

Liu Yazi was literate and read poetry with his mother when he was young.

Influenced by Liang Qichao , Tan Sitong and others,

Liu Yazi's thoughts first tended to be reformed,

and then to revolution.

Liu Yazi appreciated Rousseau 's " natural human rights " theory,

changed the name of the score "Zuo Gao" to "human rights",

the word "Yalu",

claimed to be "Rousseau of Asia".

In 1903,

Liu Yazi joined the China Education Association under the introduction of Chen Qubing and others,

and went to Shanghai Patriotic Society to study.

Here,

Liu Yazi met a group of thinkers and revolutionaries such as Cai Yuanpei, Zhang Taiyan, Zou Rong

and so on.

After the " Su Reported Case " occurred,

the Patriotic Society collapsed.

Zhang Taiyan and Zou Rong wrote to Liu Yazi in prison,

encouraging him to continue writing.

After getting the letter, Liu Yazi's enthusiasm doubled.

He believed that we should learn from the West,

use revolutionary methods to overthrow feudal autocracy,

establish a democratic republic.

Later, when

Liu Yazi wrote the preface to Chen Qubing's "Secret History of the Qing Dynasty",

he signed himself "Qiji Zi",

to express his admiration for the Southern Song Dynasty patriotic poet Xin Qiji,

and then changed his name to "Qiji". .

In 1905,

Liu Yazi founded " retaliates against ", with

serving as the chief editor. The next year, under the introduction of Gao Tianmei and Zhu Shaoping,

joined the Chinese Tongmenghui. After Cai Yuanpei's introduction,

joined the Liberation Association,

became a "double-material revolutionary party."

At that time, Gao Tianmei and Liu Yazi

jointly presided over the work of "Retaliation".

Gao Tianmei often wrote "Yazi" on the poem notes to Liu Yazi

.

The strokes were omitted,

and "子" was also a good reputation for men. .

Gao Tianmei is also known as "Jiangong",

"Liu Yazi" and "Gao Jiangong" also have symmetrical meanings,

Therefore, Liu Yazi gradually used "Yazi".

After the May 4th Movement,

advocated the unification of names,

Liu Yazi strongly agreed,

"Liu Yazi" became popular in the world.

founded Nanshe

Nanshe.

The name of the company is taken from the ancient poem

of the Han Dynasty

"Hu Ma follows the north wind, and crosses the bird's nest on the south branch".

contains the meaning of not going to the Manchu .

was founded by Liu Yazi, Chen Qubing, Gao Tianmei and others. Initiated and established.

On November 13, 1909,

Nanshe's first gathering was held,

and the establishment of Nanshe was announced.

There were 19 poetry friends from Shanghai, Nanjing, Songjiang, Suzhou and other places,

among whom 14 He is a member of the Alliance , and

has a strong revolutionary atmosphere.

The picture shows Liu Yazi (second from right in the front row) taking a group photo with members of Nanshe.

After the establishment of Nanshe,

Liu Yazi actively developed the Nanshe organization,

compiled and printed "Nanshe Congqi",

closely cooperated with the armed struggle of the Tongmenghui,

expanded the influence of Nanshe.

The Wuchang Uprising broke out,

The flames of revolution burned across the country,

Liu Yazi and fellow members of Nanshe Society rushed to the country.

In 1917,

Differences over poetry within Nanshe eventually led to the split of Nanshe.

In 1918,

Liu Yazi was disheartened and

decided not to participate in Nanshe activities anymore.

The May Fourth Movement broke out,

Marxism began to spread in the country.

Liu Yazi wrote a large number of easy-to-understand vernacular texts.

promoted new trends of thought and advocated new culture .

actively participated in the new culture movement .

In May 1923,

Liu Yazi, Ye Chuqian, Hu Pu'an, Shao Lizi and others jointly initiated the establishment of Xinnan News Agency,

Liu Yazi served as the president.

Liu Yazi said that the spirit of Xinnan News Agency is

"advocating the Three People's Principles , advocating popular literature,

which boils down to the implementation of socialism."

As president,

Liu Yazi actively developed the organization.

In just one year,

Xinnan News Agency members increased to 213.

Among them were important figures of the Kuomintang such as Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning,

and Shen Yanbing and Ye and other communists.

In October 1924,

The Jiangsu-Zhejiang War broke out.

Liu Yazi moved into the

Shanghai Concession to escape the scourge of the war,

Xinnan News Agency affairs progressed.

Faced with the outcome of the war,

Liu Yazi finally woke up and

wrote the poem "Empty Words":

"Kong Foye responded with a sneer,

Empty words are always inappropriate.

Abilityism integrates science,

I worship Marx alone. "

From then on,

Liu Yazi became obsessed with

Marxism and Bolshevism.

"China's light is in Yan'an "

In January 1941,

the Southern Anhui Incident happened that shocked China and foreign countries.

Soong Ching Ling , He Xiangning, Liu Yazi and other Kuomintang democrats jointly issued a telegram,

warning Chiang Kai-shek :

"Suppressing the Communist Party will risk civil war in China.

In the future, we must absolutely stop attacking the Communist Party with force.

We must stop suppressing the Communist Party."

In March,

the Kuomintang government invited Liu Yazi to attend the Eighth Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

Liu Yazi sternly refused,

and rebuked the Kuomintang government for its anti-communist behavior in launching the Wannan Incident.

On April 2,

the Eighth Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang expelled Liu Yazi from the Kuomintang party for "the crime of opposing national policies"

.

After learning about this incident,

Wu Yuzhang, Lin Boqu and others sent condolence messages from Yan'an.

Liu Yazi was extremely excited and encouraged when he received the telegram.

During the Anti-Japanese War,

Liu Yazi expressed his admiration for the Communists in Yan'an

for putting national interests first and

insisting on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

He believed that the Communists

"have a broad mind and a firm will.

It is really enough to shake the world and the gods." ".

After that,

Liu Yazi often exchanged poems with the Communists in Yan'an.

"The old people in Shangshan are happy to be healthy, and their heads are white and they are paying tribute to Xiahua."

expressed his hope that

he could unite and cooperate with the Communists to

jointly save the national crisis.

In December 1941,

the Japanese army captured Hong Kong.

Liu Yazi, who was trapped in Hong Kong, held on to the belief that he would die,

and grew a long beard as a sign of resistance against Japan.

Later,

With the full rescue of the Eighth Route Army Office in Hong Kong,

Liu Yazi was able to leave Hong Kong and

was hidden in the mountain village of Haifeng, Guangdong.

Zhou Enlai was very concerned about Liu Yazi's transfer, and

urged all parties to give their full assistance.

In June 1942,

Under the escort of the Communists,

Liu Yazi arrived safely in the rear area of ​​ Guilin .

During his stay in Guangxi,

Liu Yazi continued to create for the anti-Japanese war and national salvation.

called for unity in the war of resistance,

denounced all reactionary fallacies that undermined the war of resistance.

In 1944,

After the Battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi,

Guilin fell,

Liu Yazi was able to escape with Zhou Enlai's ardent care,

went to Chongqing.

Liu Yazi joined the China Democratic League in Chongqing.

During the same period,

also initiated the establishment of the Three People's Principles Comrade Association with Tan Pingshan , Chen Mingshu , Guo Chuntao and others

and

was elected at the first plenary meeting. Standing Secretary of the Central Committee,

serves as chairman of the Culture and Education Commission,

continues to refute the KMT government and its policy statements.

During Liu Yazi's stay in Chongqing,

it was on the eve of the major counterattack against Japan, and

the democratic movement in the Kuomintang-controlled areas broke out on a large scale.

Some people suggested that Liu Yazi

form a new political organization based on his reputation,

Liu Yazi refused, saying:

"China already has the most progressive political organization and the most appropriate leader."

On January 17, 1945,

Liu Yazi was invited to participate in " Xinhua Daily " commemorates the 7th anniversary of its founding,

publicly declared:

"The light of the world is in Moscow, the light of China is in Yan'an!"

sang with Chairman Mao's poems

June 4, 1948,

Liu Yazi and the democrats in Hong Kong A total of 125 people

jointly issued a statement,

enthusiastically responded to the "May Day Slogan".

After that,

the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China invited representatives of democratic parties

to the liberated areas to discuss the issue of convening a new CPPCC,

Liu Yazi was among them.

On February 28, 1949,

the "Huazhong" cruise ship set off from Hong Kong.

Liu Yazi was wearing a gray gown.

He wrote Qijue "Departure on February 28 with achievements":

"Sixty-three years old, ten thousand miles,

future I really rejoice in the light.

Riding the wind and waves to calm business,

Sweeping the southern and northern seas."

The picture shows Liu Yazi (second from left in the middle row) waiting on the way north.

On March 28, 1949,

the eve of the founding of New China,

in Peking ,

Liu Yazi wrote a seven-line poem "Feelings to Chairman Mao":

"The king who created the world is really healthy,

said Xiang Yiliu and I are in great tribulation.

It is not Wulu who seizes the seat to talk about scriptures.

There is no car to blame Feng Huan.

My head has long regretted that I have been humble all my life.

My liver and gallbladder would rather forget an inch of elixir.

Ande's victory in the southern expedition is reported.

The lake is divided into Zi Lingtan ."

In this poem,

Liu Yazi praised Mao Zedong's great achievements in creating the world.

At the same time, he also bluntly expressed

his confidence in "seizing the table to talk about scriptures" and his loss in "having no car and bullets",

full of loneliness. And the meaning of retreat.

The picture shows Mao Zedong meeting Liu Yazi at Shuangqing Villa in Xiangshan in 1949.

Mao Zedong remembered Liu Yazi's poem in his heart.

After the People's Liberation Army captured Nanjing,

On April 29,

Mao Zedong responded with a seven-rhyme poem "And Mr. Liu Yazi":

"Drinking tea in the Guangdong Sea cannot be forgotten,

Ask for a sentence The leaves of Yuzhou are turning yellow.

Return to the old country in thirty-one years.

Read the beautiful chapter when the flowers are falling.

Complaining too much prevents heartbreak.

The scenery is long and it is better to take a broad view.

Don’t say that the water in Kunming Lake is shallow.

Watching fish is better than being rich. Chunjiang."

Mao Zedong recalled the scenes of his two meetings with Liu Yazi in 1926 and

in 1945 by "drinking tea in the Guangdong Sea" and "asking for Yuzhou",

with the generosity of a politician and the candor of an old friend. ,

wrote heartfelt words,

persuaded Liu Yazi to give up her retreat,

boosted her spirit and looked to the future,

stayed in Peking and continued to use her talents,

to build a new China together.

After Liu Yazi saw Mao Zedong's poems,

he was very moved.

He readily accepted Mao Zedong's advice,

immediately wrote another

"Ci Yun Feng and Chairman Mao's Hui Poems":

"Li Sao Qu Zi Orchid resentment,

demeanor Yuanrong sea water volume.

If the name of the director of the garden belongs to me ,

Gong Gengyuan Bu Lian Wujiang .”

After the founding of New China,

Liu Yazi served as a member of the Central People’s Government,

Vice Chairman of the

East China Administrative Committee,

Deputy Director of the Central Cultural and Historical Research Institute;

Director of the first Supervisory Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee,

the second and third parties. Member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee;

Member of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress and other positions.

Mr. Liu Yazi is a loyal patriot.

He pursues light and progress throughout his life.

His poems are full of revolutionary enthusiasm,

Inspiring the people to move forward,

His influence on the history of modern revolution and literature in my country will always be remembered and missed by future generations.

(The information in this article is synthesized from "Predecessors of the Revolution and New China", China News Network , Guangming Network , etc. )

Author_ Zhao Liang

Editor of this issue_ Li Yanhe

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