Foreword
Hongmen Banquet can be said to be the most dangerous moment in Liu Bang 's life. There are several lives hanging by a thread. If there is a slight difference, the future high emperor of will fall and history will be rewritten. However, Liu Bang finally succeeded in turning the danger into danger in the Hongmen Banquet crisis, which is very surprising. What caused Liu Bang to turn the crisis into peace at the Hongmen Banquet? Let us walk through the fogs of history to find the deep reasons why Liu Bang was able to escape in the Hongmen Banquet, and analyze the true course of the incident.
- Xiang Yu Group internal group conflicts
Liu Bang can retreat from the Hongmen Banquet. Of course, his own work is indispensable, but the primary reason is the internal problems of the Xiang Yu group. " Hanshu " " is the time, 400 thousand soldiers, number one million. Pei Gong has one hundred thousand soldiers, number 200,000, and it's inferior to " . At that time, the Xiang Yu group had 400,000 people, and the Liu Bang group had only one hundred thousand. At that time, Xiang Yu had just defeated the main force of the Qin army in the Julu . Therefore, at this time, the initiative to determine the direction of history must lie with the senior executives of Xiang Yu Group. If Xiang Yu is far-sighted and his high-level leaders are sincerely united, then Liu Bang will be inevitable even if he is capable of everything. So how did the internal groups of Xiang Yu Group constrain Xiang Yu's decision?
Hongmen banquet seat is correct map
- secretly help, Xiang Bo is the most precious
In the Hongmen banquet, Liu Bang can survive, and Xiang Bo undoubtedly played a key role .
"Han Shu" Xiang Bo promised that he would return at night, and Ji Gong Pei said: "You must come and thank you early." Guanzhong soldiers, can the father-in-law enter? And people have great merits, it is better to attack the ominousness because of good." Yu promised.
Xiang Yu
Before the Hongmen Banquet began, we can see at least three key points from this record in Hanshu.
First, before the Hongmen banquet started, Xiang Bo had apparently fallen to Liu Bangjun’s position. Not only did Xiang Bo promise Liu Bang verbally, he would give him reassurance, but he also gave Liu Bang an idea to come over early the next day and admit his mistake. In action, he tried his best to persuade Xiang Yu to give up attacking Liu Bang. The reason for his words was the objective fact that Liu Bang broke through Guanzhong and had military exploits.
Second, after Xiang Bo persuaded Xiang Yu, he made a promise on the spot. It shows that the stance of killing Liu Bang has been shaken, and he has become neutral on the issue of whether to kill or not, and there is a faint tendency not to kill. If Xiang Yu still wants to kill Liu Bang directly at this time, then his reaction should be to refute it. Xiang Bo, or at least stay silent and watch the changes. But neither, but directly agreed to Xiang Bo. It can be seen that Xiang Yu has changed from killing Liu Bang to teaching Liu Bang before the start of the Hongmen Banquet.
The third is that Xiang Bo represents the military team in the Xiang Yu Group.Just after the giant deer battle , Xiang Yu’s group must be the soldiers who have directly participated in the war with the most voice, so Xiang Bo’s reason for not killing Liu Bang at this time is that Liu Bang has military merits , did not follow Fan Zeng gave Liu Bang’s emperor and ambitious topic to justify, it can be said that hit the key point of the debate, the current Xiang Yu group has the largest number of people and the most powerful is not just finished playing the giant deer. Are you a military sect? It shows that Bo Xiang knows the situation of Xiang Yu Group better than Fan Zeng. In a sense, at this time Xiang Bo's strategy is stronger than Fan Zeng .
Xiang Bo
Hongmen Banquet is in progress, Fan Zeng sent Xiangzhuang Wujian to kill Pei Gong. At this time, Bo Xiang immediately saw through Fan Zeng's strategy, and with his actions to the sword-dancing Xiangzhuang , he expressed his no-kill attitude and expressed strong dissatisfaction with Fan Zeng. Think about what Xiangzhuang feels at this time? I was originally listening to the military commander’s words to do the dirty work of humane elimination, and I was probably not happy. Now my uncle jumped out angrily, protecting Liu Bang with his life, and drew his sword against him. At this time, he must have cursed Fan Zeng from the bottom of his heart. He is not a human being inside and out, so he can't get off the stage.
And looking at the seats at the Hongmen Banquet, Xiang Bo’s position in Xiang Yu’s army is higher than Fan Zeng’s, and he is still Xiang Yu and Xiang Zhuang’s uncle. , And it’s also equivalent to making it clear that Fan Zeng, Xiang Zhuang, etc. have their own presence and are not allowed to be humane to destroy this set. After this,Only Xiang Yu who could kill Liu Bang at the Hongmen Banquet gave an express order.
Impatient and aggressive, Fan Zeng unreasonably seeks to kill
Fan Zeng strongly advocates killing Liu Bang, so what did he do?
"Hanshu" Asian father Fan Zeng said Yu said: "When Pei Gong lived in Shandong, he was greedy for money and lust. Today I heard that he entered the customs, treasures nothing, women have no luck, this is not a small ambition. My envoy People look forward to their qi, they are all dragons, in five colors, this emperor qi. Strike it quickly, don’t lose”.
This is what Fan Zeng said to Xiang Yu before the Hongmen banquet, which can be regarded as the complaint submitted by Fan Zeng for Liu Bang's death penalty. Gives three reasons why Liu Bang must die.
First, Liu Bang is greedy and lustful and has bad behavior.
The second is to pretend to be a moral gentleman after entering the customs, with too much ambition.
The third is metaphysics, Liu Bang has the emperor's spirit.
Let’s think about Xiang Yu. Based on this, is it appropriate to sentence Liu Bang to death? First of all, greed for money and lust. Isn't this a matter of personal style? In those troubled times, how many qualities are particularly good? It's a peaceful and prosperous age. You said that if a person likes money and makes friends of the opposite sex, he would impose a death sentence on someone, right? The second point is big ambition, which is even more funny, princes in troubled times, who is not very ambitious? Wouldn't it be possible to follow you against Qin? Didn't Xiang Yu also directly kill the superiors of and Song Yi ? Three is even more ridiculous,Without any factual support, directly come to metaphysics, and will not agree with which leader is changed. After hearing your metaphysical reasons today, tomorrow you will come to a bunch of metaphysics. Whoever wants to kill will say that he has the emperor's spirit. Wouldn't Xiang Yu become the knife in Fan Zeng's hand?
But very strange, Xiang Yu followed the paper steps given by Fan Zeng and really planned to kill Liu Bang. It shows that Xiang Yu really wanted to kill Liu Bang at this time, but the reason was definitely not the reason given by Fan Zeng. The real reason, I think the surface layer is because Liu Bang sent people to guard Hangu Pass, which made Xiang Yu angry. The deep reason is that Chuhuai Wang ’s "The first to enter is the king". Chuhuai Wang is now the boss in name. The previous agreement is very effective. If Liu Bang is not killed, the previous agreement must Don't obey? After observing that, wouldn't I say to the princes and brothers who have finished the Battle of Julu that Xiang Yu's anti-Qin merits are not as good as Liu Bang? So Xiang Yu wanted to get down the ass and directly defeat Liu Bangjun to finish.
Fan Zeng's behavior at the Hongmen Banquet also appeared impatient and aggressive. Seeing that Xiang Yu didn't intend to kill Liu Bang, he fooled Xiang Zhuang in to commit humane destruction. The assassination of Liu Bang at the banquet was too harsh, and it was spread out that who would dare to eat with your Xiang family. Fan Zeng felt that he was acting on his own, regardless of Xiang Yu's feelings and the impact of this behavior. You said that you must kill, and you can convince Xiang Yu to defeat Liu Bangjun afterwards. You will only engage in humane eradication that looks despicable and nondescript.
Xiangzhuang Wujian
"Hanshu" Yu received it. Also presents Yudou Fan Zeng. Enraged and slammed into the fight, he began to say: "I am now a prisoner of Pei Gong!"
After Fan Zenghong’s plan to feast and kill Liu Bang failed, Fan Zeng furious in front of Xiang Yu and everyone, and his emotions collapsed. It really doesn’t care about Xiang Yu’s face, and Xiang Yu is a very good face.This also laid a hidden danger for the future discord between the two of them. It can be said that Fan Zeng understands Liu Bang and understands the situation in the world, but he does not understand Xiang Yu and the demands of the top executives of the Xiang Yu Group. This is also one of the important reasons for his killing.
Liu Bang Group’s self-rescue from crisis
A person’s leadership is mainly reflected in the person’s decision-making ability and the ability to unite the team in a complex environment. Compared with the group conflicts within the Xiang Yu Group, the Liu Bang Group is now It appears to be extremely solid and united. The generals at the Hongmen Banquet were represented by Fan Kuai, and the ministers represented by Zhang Liang, and they cooperated in this crisis. In addition to Liu Bang's own decisiveness, the harmonious and cooperative civil and military group also played a very key role in Liu Bang's successful escape.
Liu Bang’s decisiveness, ability to bend and stretch
In a turbulent and treacherous world, betrayal and lies are as common as eating meals. In such a deceitful environment, Liu Bang’s decisive attitude when facing people who are truly good for himself No doubt, when making major decisions, he often makes decisive decisions without hesitation. It can be said that Liu Bang has the ability to see people's hearts and the talent for discerning right from wrong.
met Bo Xiang for the first time before the Hongmen banquet. Hearing the news that Xiang Yu was about to kill himself, I gave Bo Xiang extremely full trust. Even without knowing Bo Xiang, he got married. , And he also followed his advice, and personally risked to attend the Hongmen Banquet early the next morning. This kind of judgment is almost unprecedented, and there is no one in the future.
Put yourself in Liu Bang’s perspective and think about it. The second figure of a rival gang came late at night and suggested that you visit him tomorrow, promising to keep you safe. If you change someone, who will go? Would you believe what this man said? But Liu Bang believed, and went immediately the next day. This kind of ability to act decisively and still wrong is really rare. Regarding the question of who is loyal to himself and who is phony, Liu Bang did not hesitate as if he had read a script.
As life experiences increase,After seeing many hypocritical gentlemen, many people become more and more suspicious of others, and it is difficult to completely trust others. Although they have avoided being deceived, they have also missed a lot of good intentions. Liu Bang does not have this problem at all, and always gives full trust in the face of good intentions, just like Hanxin as a general, the same is true.
When Liu Banglai attended the Hongmen banquet, he led more than one hundred cavalry, mighty and majestic. When he was about to escape, he took a few confidantes and walked back, which was not considered decent in the slightest. When you need power and prestige, and when you want to run for your life, you are decisively disregarded of your face.
After Liu Bang successfully escaped from danger, he immediately killed the traitor spy Cao Wushang , was determined to be resolute was better than Xiang Yu, although he was in need of Renai. When punishing the enemy, he never relented.
Zhang Liang's unyielding loyalty
As the saying goes, a gentleman does not stand under a dangerous wall. As a top advisor, Zhang Liang's strategizing ability is self-evident. In the Hongmen Banquet, it was not Zhang Liang's strategy and calculation that played the greatest role in Liu Bang's escape, but the "stupid loyalty" rarely seen in many counsellors. For general counselors, they are the most calculating gains and losses. If the ship is in danger of sinking, he will change the ship first, and will never put himself in danger. For example, Chenping, and the three kingdoms and Xuyou are both. represent.
After passing the news to Xiang Bolai, Zhang Liang did not rush for his life like ordinary speculators, but the first reaction was to inform Pei Gong in disregard of his own safety that he planned to deal with the crisis together. Zhang Liang could have sneaked away by himself.When I speak of it, I can only count as the Keqing sent by the King of Han. If he leaves, he will not be said anything. On the contrary, if Liu Bang can't deal with the crisis, he can't die with him? The gains and losses here, as a saint, Zhang Liang cannot be regarded as unclear, but he does not avoid them because of his interests. His loyalty to Liu Bang is commendable.
"Han Shu" made Zhang Liang stay Xie Yu. Yu asked, "Pei is here?" He said, "General Wen deliberately supervised him, and he got out of the office, so the envoy offered Bi." Yu Shouzhi.
Zhang Liang
In the end, the Hongmen Banquet was over, and the one who stayed behind was also Zhang Liang. You must know that Xiang Yu could have angered Zhang Liang after he heard Liu Bang escape. If Xiang Yu heard that Liu Bang had left and was unhappy, and he was not affected by Jade Bi, it was entirely possible that he would kill Zhang Liang easily. Wouldn't Fan Zeng next to him be so angry that he would throw Jade?
Fan Kui broke into the account, but there were fine in the thick
Fan Kui rushed into the account when he heard that Liu Bang was in danger at the Hongmen Banquet.
" histories " the king of king said: "gives the shoulders." is a life span. Fan Kuai covered his shield to the ground, put his shoulders on his shoulders, drew his sword and slashed at it. Xiang Wang said: "A strong man, can he drink again?" Fan Kui said: "If you die and don't avoid it, you will resign in peace! Husband Qin has the heart of a tiger and wolf. It is. Huaiwang and the generals said, "The first to break the Qin and enter Xianyang is the king." Today, Pei Gong breaks the Qin and enters Xianyang first. The guardian is sent to prepare him for stealing in and out. It is so hard and meritorious. There is no reward for being a prince, but listen carefully, and want to punish the meritorious.The continuation of the death of Qin, stealing as the king does not take it. "
When Fan Kui heard that his lord Liu Bang was in danger, he broke into the account without fear of death, ate raw meat, and gave generously. Here, what Fan Kui said is very good and can be said to be very good. To live up to Xiang Yu’s pain and difficulty. To sum up, I probably said the following three points:
First, it explained Peigong’s motivation to defend and Hanguguan to prevent thieves. This solves Xiang Yu’s purpose. Liu Bang’s first level of dissatisfaction has the basis for the two sides to shake hands and make peace. After all, the conflict between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu is that Liu Bang guarded a wave at Hangu Pass. Other than that, there is no other barrier.
The second is to revisit the agreement of the King of Huai, transfers the contradiction . In fact, Xiang Yu’s biggest pain point is the agreement of the king. Xiang Yu won the battle of the giant deer at this time. The prestige commanded the coalition of four hundred thousand princes. Liu Bangjun had one hundred thousand. Xiang Yu’s military merits were the greatest. However, according to Wang Huai’s agreement, it would become Liu Bang’s greatest contribution, which is the most unbearable for Xiang Yu. Here, Liu Bang can express his opinion. , Do you follow Xiang Yu, recognize Xiang Yu as the eldest brother, or take the appointment with Wang Yu, listen to Wang Huai to be equal to Xiang Yu. This is actually Fan Kui who expressed his opinion for Liu Bang, Liu Bang does not follow the appointment of Wang Zhi, who is the first to enter the barrier. I agree with you Xiang Yu as king. Here, completely dispels Xiang Yu’s dissatisfaction with Liu Bang , and won the psychological warfare.
_p7img
_psp
spanIt is pointed out that although Liu Bang is not the on the united front with the King of Huai, Liu Bang is the first to enter the customs, and the anti-Qin is also a hard work. Liu Bang and the anti-Qin heroes under your Xiang Yu are the same. If you punish Liu Bang, it would be tantamount to punish an anti-Qin hero. Isn't Xiang Yu's 400,000 army all Xiang Jiajun? How to convince the people to kill the hero for no reason? Those who have done meritorious service with Xiang Yu in Julu are waiting for Feng Hou, you Xiang Yu killed in such a chaotic manner, then the death of Qin today is your Xiang Yu's tomorrow.
Fan Kuai's words can be said to be in the heart of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, helping them reach a consensus, completely dispelling Xiang Yu's murderous intent, and announcing the complete failure of Fan Zeng's murder plan. Fan Kui's words , Like from a mature diplomat, can be regarded as Liu Bang’s security declaration .
Summary
Hongmen Banquet looks like Xiang Yu wanted to kill Liu Bang. Liu Bang was in danger and finally managed to escape. In fact, it was the first full and direct contest between Liu Bang Group and Xiang Yu Group. The end was marked by Liu Bang’s successful escape and Xiang Yu giving up killing Liu Bang. This indicates that Liu Bang Group will be in the upcoming Chu-Han all-out war. , Will win the ending.
The head-to-head confrontation between the two major groups exposed many problems of the Xiang Yu Group, such as discord between internal officials, disagreements, and even the banquet Xiang Jia's uncle and nephew fighting sword_ span4span .Xiang Yu lacks decisive power and can't stick to his own opinions when encountering big decisions. The leadership is also not enough, unable to find the contradictions within his group in time, and can not effectively resolve it. This shows that Xiang Yu’s ability to control his subordinates is not as good as Liu Bang. In the future Chu-Han War, although Xiang Yu himself is a victorious general, However, his subordinates often betrayed him, causing him to win more and more enemies, and finally fell into a situation of embarrassment on all sides. The inability to unite his subordinates is one of his fatal shortcomings.
In contrast to the Liu Bang Group , the adviser Zhang Liang is loyal and loyal, and the fierce general Fan Kuai can carry out delicate diplomatic activities. More importantly, civilians and military officers can unite in the face of crisis to protect Liu Bang. People admire and move.
The two major conglomerates demonstrated vividly in the Hongmen Banquet Incident, and they made their judgments. It can be said that the Hongmen Banquet is not only Liu Bang’s personal successful escape, but also the epitome of the future Chu-Han War .
.References:
"Hanshu"
"Historical Records"
