The most closely related to us in our lives is clothing, food, housing and transportation, which is what we common people call "eat, drink and sleep". With the progress of science and the development of the times, our living conditions are getting better and better. The home has also entered our lives, which is convenient, beautiful and clean.
Animals need to eat and excrete every day. This is a physiological function. Nowadays, our toilets and squatting stools have no odor and are very clean. Then we are curious how ancient people used the toilet?
It is said that in ancient times there was a king who drowned when he went to the toilet, and it made people laugh and laugh. What happened? Let us understand how the ancients went to the toilet together.
Toilets in the pre-Qin period
In primitive society, people used to go to the toilet to urinate and defecate, but they would not be around their residences. Slowly, the feces were everywhere, the environment became worse, and the smell was pungent.
After the clan communes appeared, wars became more frequent, private property allowed the nobles to develop, of course, the noble life needed a little attention, they would let the slaves dig a hole in advance, and then let the slaves bury them after they finished using the toilet. Lose.
People slowly consider that they are also eating whole grains, and feeding livestock also needs food. Why not use your own manure to feed livestock? People began to build a platform on the open-air livestock pen, and then people squatted on it to go to the toilet. The livestock below immediately began to feast on it, which was called "well water" at that time. The most common type of pigsty is pigsty, because pigs are omnivorous and no one refuses to come.
But when we think about it, we feel a little uncomfortable. We are above and a group of pigs humming.Even this kind is enjoyed by the nobles. It is rarely seen in ordinary people's homes. Even the princes and nobles of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and even the emperors and concubines went to the pigsty.
Spring and Autumn Period People found that when manure was poured into the ground, the crops grew extremely luxuriantly. At that time, China was dominated by agriculture, so people began to accumulate manure for fertilizer and wells. Obviously it is no longer applicable.
People began to bury large tanks in large underground pits, and then put a small amount of water in the large tanks, and pour it in the ground when the toilet was full. The water tank will splash when it is almost full. Although it is a bit unclean, it is much better than the screaming of pigs. However, if people squat by the tank and go to the toilet accidentally, the consequences will be disastrous. As the saying goes, they often walk by the river. With non-wet shoes, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Emperor of Jin, Jinjinggong fell into the toilet and drowned.
According to the record, Jin Jinggong was ill, and the fortuneteller said after divination: "I am afraid that the king will not have much to come, and he will not be able to eat the new wheat." Pick the new wheat and cook it immediately. You must eat the new wheat. Just when the new wheat was cooked, Jin Jinggong felt uncomfortable in his stomach and went to the toilet. As a result, he slipped and fell into the big tank because of his illness and weakness. The big tank was almost full at that time. He was drowned when people found out. This is a bit laughable and generous.
The evolution of the toilet after the Qin Dynasty
During the Han Dynasty, the toilet was greatly changed, and the toilet was changed to a sitting flush toilet. People can sit on the top to go to the toilet, and the bottom is an inclined plane. After going to the toilet, water is flushed into the cesspit, and a handrail is added next to the toilet for the comfort and convenience of people sitting.
Slowly people invented a kind of mobile toilet called "Tiger",It is named after the appearance of the tiger. It is made of pottery and has a handle on it for easy carrying.
To avoid taboo in the Tang Dynasty, that is, Tang Taizu Li Yuan's grandfather's name was "Li Hu", so "Huzi" was renamed "Ma Zi". During the Song Dynasty, a large number of porcelains emerged, and "porcelain horses" and "wood horses" began to appear, which can be said to be readily available.
But people at that time still didn't have such a concept, and they couldn't afford such high-end toilets, so it was the old way or urinating and urinating everywhere, and the streets were full of human feces.
The toilet in the Ming and Qing dynasties
After the evolution of the horse, people began to make it into a wooden barrel, and then put a lid on it, and began to call it "toilet".
Due to the limited capacity of the toilet, it needs to be dumped. This has resulted in a professional "foot dumping". They collect the toilet from the employer’s house every day, dump it, clean it, and then return it to the employer’s house. Gradually, people began to change the style of the toilet. Some were made of porcelain with pictures printed on them, or some patterns were carved on wooden ones.
The toilet can also give off a peculiar smell when it is placed at home. People began to put some rose petals, red dates, fragrant wood, etc. into it to remove the odor, and the toilet has rough edges. People also began to use silk or cotton to make cushions on it.
Later, there was also a clean room in the Ming and Qing imperial palaces. Every day, the toilets were collected and cleaned from all over the harem. There were also toilets made of and red sandalwood . Good price, people firmly believe that the delicacies eaten by people in the palace are more fertile than ordinary people's feces.
Conclusion
The evolution of toilet equipment also illustrates the development of the times.No matter how high-end toilet equipment is or simple, as long as it is convenient for our lives and allows us to adapt, it means that it is a qualified tool.
References: "Zhou Li", "Yi Li·Xi Xi Li"
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