The Battle of Jinyang is a war between the four powerful princes Zhi, Zhao, Han, and Wei in the Jin Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to contend for ruling rights and merge with opponents. The battle lasted for about two years, and it ended with Zhao, Han, and Wei joining hands to conquer the Zhibos and carve up their territories. It has a greater impact on the development of Chinese history, because after this war, a new historical situation of " three divisions " has gradually formed, and historians often regard this as an important sign to unveil the history of the Warring States period.
The long and continuous struggle for hegemony and mergers since the Spring and Autumn Period has severely consumed the power of major countries; and the development of the socio-economic and political situation has made various contradictions within the major countries increasingly acute. Feeling unsustainable. The small countries have been suffering from the disasters brought about by the wars of great powers for a long time, and they hope to have a peaceful respite. In this situation, the controversy of slaying soldiers arose. The warding off the soldiers marked the end of the war for hegemony among the great powers, and the tumultuous struggle within each country rose to the main social contradiction at that time.
History has entered the late Spring and Autumn Period. The main forms of social and political life in this period were the rise of powerful princes and officials and the decline of monarchs and public offices. At that time, the princes of the major powers were exhausted by the continuous mergers and wars for hegemony, which provided an excellent opportunity for the officials within the countries to extract the surplus labor of the people to accumulate wealth and harm the public interest. The way the people buy people's hearts. The long-term development of this situation made some Qing doctors gradually become stronger. The political pattern of "ritual and music conquest from the emperor" in the Western Zhou Dynasty changed to "ritual and music conquest from the princes" before the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period. At this time, it changed again. For "self-doctored out".
The strong doctors also merge with each other and engage in fierce struggle. This is most typical in Jin Guo . There, first of all, the wealth and power of more than a dozen clans expanded day by day, and as a result of their mutual mergers,Only the six clans of Han, Wei, Zhao, Zhi, Bank of China, and Fan remain, which are called "Six Qings." At this time, Jinjun's power has been basically deprived, and domestic politics is dominated by the "six qing". Afterwards, the "six qings" merged due to conflicts arising from the division of rights and interests, and the fire led to the destruction of the Fan and the Bank of China. In Jin, there were only four aristocratic groups of Zhao, Han, Wei, and Chi. But there was no peace between the "Four Qings", and a bigger conflict soon came, which directly led to the outbreak of the Jinyang War.
After 翦 annihilated Fan and the Bank of China, 's 智伯瑶 dictated Jin's state affairs and had the strongest strength among the Four Qings. Zhi Boyao was an insatiable aristocrat with no political vision, and at this time, relying on his dominant position, he forcibly claimed the counties of the Han family and the Wei family. Han Kangzi , Wei Huanzi was unable to fight with Zhi Boyao, so he was forced to cede his large territory to the Zhi family. After Uncle Zhi succeeded in this move, he looked at Shu, and pointed his finger at Zhao Xiangzi , and the lion opened his mouth to ask Zhao Xiangzi for land. Zhao Xiangzi was unwilling to be controlled by Zhi Bo, so he resolutely rejected Zhi Bo Sodi's unreasonable request.
Zhao Xiangzi's unyielding attitude greatly angered Uncle Zhi. In the fourteenth year of King Zhou Zhending (455 BC), he sent troops to attack Zhao, and forced Han and Wei to send troops to fight together. Seeing that the three coalition forces came to attack, Zhao Xiangzi was outnumbered, so he took the advice of his adviser Zhang Mengtan, chose the people's favor to Zhao, and prepared for Jinyangcheng (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi) to hold on.
Zhibo commanded the three coalition forces to storm Jinyang remained under siege for more than a year. Under the strong city, the coalition forces gradually became passive. However, the soldiers and civilians in Jinyang City are the same haters and their morale is always high. Seeing that the war had been delayed for two years with little progress, Zhibo couldn't help being extremely anxious. He thought hard and finally came up with a strategy to induce Jinshui ( fenshui ) to flood Jinyang City,Attempt to use it to break the strong city of Jinyang.
So, Zhibo ordered the soldiers to build a dam in the upper reaches of Jinshui, build a huge reservoir, and dig a river to the southwest of Jinyang City. A dam was built outside the camp of the siege troops to prevent Jinyang from flooding while also flooding his own men and horses. After the completion of the project, it was the rainy season. The heavy rain continued for days and the river soared, filling the reservoir to its full capacity. Uncle Zhi gave an order to dig the dam, and for a while, the water rushed and roared, and went straight to Jinyang City. Soon the whole city of Jinyang was submerged in water. The soldiers and civilians in the city had no choice but to live in sheds, hanging pots and cooking, sick and hungry, and the situation was very critical. But in spite of this, the soldiers and civilians who defended the city did not waver in their fighting spirit, and they still clung to the dangerous city.
Han and Wei participated in the attack on the Zhao family, originally out of coercion. At this time, I felt more personally about Zhibo’s cruelty, and I began to feel that if Zhao died, he would inevitably be annexed. After getting off the court, he adopted a passive attitude towards combat operations. Zhao Xiangzi saw this growing contradiction between Han, Wei and Zhibo, and determined to make use of it skillfully. He then dispatched Zhang Mengtan to sneak out of the city by night to meet Han Kangzi and Wei Huanzi secretly, and persuade the Han and Wei families to turn their backs secretly with the help of the truth.
After Zhao, Han, and Wei conspired to unite, they launched a military operation at an agreed night: Zhao Xiangzi, with the cooperation of Han and Wei, sent troops to kill Zhibo’s officers and soldiers guarding the embankment, and dug up the guard embankment. Drain the water back into the Zhibo barracks. Zhibo's troops woke up from their dreams and were in a mess. Zhao Jun took advantage of the momentum to attack from the front of the city, and the Han and Wei armies attacked from both wings, breaking the Zhibo army and sacking Zhibo himself. The three attacked by victory, wiped out the Zhi clan and divided up their land. It laid a solid foundation for the future "three divisions of promotion".
In the battle of Jinyang, Zhao Xiangzi was good at using the people’s spirit to stimulate morale, and defeated Zhibo’s attempt to besiege an isolated city and make quick decisions. When Zhibo flooded the city with water, the defense struggle entered the most In the difficult stage, Zhao Xiangzi and the soldiers and civilians who defended the city were not afraid of danger and resisted to the death. They used the contradiction between Han, Wei and Zhi Bo to fight to break Zhi Bo’s battle line and completely isolate it and create for the subsequent decisive battle. A favorable situation. When the struggle to "cut the diplomatic" was successful,Zhao Xiangzi was able to formulate correct strategies to destroy the enemy, cleverly used water attacks, rehabilitated his body with his own way, poured water back into the Zhibo barracks, and inflicted unexpected blows on the enemy. They seized the opportunity in time and launched a swift and comprehensive attack, and achieved a complete victory in annihilating the enemy. It can be seen that Zhao Xiangzi demonstrated outstanding political, diplomatic, and military abilities in the Battle of Jinyang, and he was worthy of being an outstanding statesman and military strategist at that time.
Zhibo’s failure was largely due to his own fault. He bullies the weak, blindly believes in force, loses popular support, and is politically isolated. Attacked from all sides, made enemies everywhere, and became passive in diplomacy. In the battle, he has stationed troops under the strong city for many years, losing a lot of strength in vain; he is so ignorant of the movements of the "allies" that he is taken advantage of by the enemy. When the opponent turned to deal with himself with water attack, he was panicked again, unable to adapt to the situation, the organization effectively resisted, and finally died and the clan was destroyed, defeated, and laughed for the world.
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