"Du Yuming, come out."
In 1951, Du Yuming, a Kuomintang war criminal detained in Gongdelin Prison in Beijing, suddenly heard a call.
Suddenly, his body began to tense, and his heart suddenly jumped from his stomach to his throat.
Not long ago, he just submitted a confession material to our party organization.
In this document, Du Yuming described in detail how , as the deputy commander-in-chief of the “General Suppression” of Xuzhou from 1948 to the beginning of 1949, fought stubbornly in the Battle of Huaihai, but in the end he was still defeated heroically. In the hands of the People's Liberation Army.
As soon as the materials were handed in, the instructor came to him. Could it be that his crime was too serious?
Du Yuming walked out of the room tremblingly in his heart...
Du Yuming
01
The name Du Yuming, I believe that friends familiar with the history of the Republic of China will not be unfamiliar.
He is one of the most important generals in the Kuomintang army.
is also the father-in-law of Mr. Yang Zhenning, a famous physicist in my country. (Yang Zhenning’s first wife, Du Zhili, was Du Yuming’s daughter)
He graduated from the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. At the beginning, he served as an officer under He Yingqin. Later, when the Anti-Japanese War started, he became the commander of the Fifth Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
The Fifth Army of the National Revolutionary Army is amazing. He was the first in the Kuomintang Army and the first mechanized division in modern Chinese history. Many of the weapons equipped are foreign goods, such as the Soviet-made T-26 tank, the Italian-made "Fiat" CV35 ultralight tank, and the German-made "Holbe" armored vehicle.
In the Kuomintang army, it is one of the most powerful main forces.
This army was officially formed in March 1937 and was led by Du Yuming. After its expansion, Du Yuming served as the commander and commander of this army.
It can be said that the first mechanized unit in modern Chinese history grew up in the hands of Du Yuming.
Chiang Kai-shek also relied heavily on Du Yuming. In June 1948, Du Yuming was officially appointed as the deputy commander-in-chief of Xuzhou "General" and commander of the Second Corps.
At that time, the Kuomintang army was almost exhausted.
He lost one after another, each time he was devastated.
The military failure put Chairman Chiang’s political career in jeopardy.
At this time, Du Yuming almost became his last "life-saving straw."
Chiang Kai-shek first asked Du Yuming to reinforce Jinan, then asked him to rescue Jinzhou, and then ordered him to rescue in Jiangsu.
It can be said that Du Yuming played the role of a firefighter at the last moment of Chiang Kai-shek's defeat across the board.
However, in the face of the general trend, in the face of the people's choice, no matter how superb your art is directed by Du Yuming, it will be in vain.
In 1948, under the deployment of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman Mao, the final decisive battle of the War of Liberation was officially launched. This battle was known as the Battle of Huaihai.
Our People's Liberation Army was almost invincible and invincible in the battle. The army was everywhere and the people wanted it.
The people use carts to transport all the food and supplies needed by the People's Liberation Army to the front lines.
So later, Marshal Chen Yi said that the victory of the Huaihai Campaign was pushed out by the people with small carts.
But Chiang Kai-shek is not optimistic here. He also knows that the general situation is about to go. The failure of the Huaihai Battle means the loss of the entire continent.
At the end of 1948, he hurriedly ordered Du Yuming to turn around and head towards Suixikou, and coordinated with Bengbu's northward entry of the Li Yannian Corps to break the siege between Huang Wei and Huang Baitao.Du Yuming was seriously ill at the time, and he knew the danger of this trip, because as the troops approached Huang Wei and Huang Baitao's regiments, they were getting closer and closer to the encirclement of the People's Liberation Army. Once encircled by the People's Liberation Army, the KMT's ace Fifth Army will only end in annihilation.
However, upholding the military's duty to obey orders and the loyal character requirements, Du Yuming resolutely implemented Chiang Kai-shek's orders.
As a result, the entire army of Huang Wei and Huang Baitao was annihilated, and Du Yuming's was also . On January 10, 1949, was captured by the People's Liberation Army in Zhanglaozhuang, Zhangzhuangzhai Town, Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province.
Since then, his military career has officially ended, and Chiang Kai-shek has also gone to his final defeat since then.
02
When he was captured, Du Yuming shaved off his beard, changed his name to "High Civilization", and lied to be the "Military Chief".
However, the high-end watch on his arm, the American beef in his pocket and the Parker gold pen betray him.
Because at the time, it was impossible for a quartermaster to have such a pomp, and Du Yuming's identity was finally revealed.
Soon, he was led by a group of old men. Ashamed, he picked up a rock and slammed his head and face, tried a hundred times, and was finally stopped by the comrades of the People's Liberation Army.
In 1950, Du Yuming and other senior military officers were transferred to Beijing Gongdelin Prison.
At that time, Du Yuming's heart was ashamed. He knew that the national army had lost all the possibility of a comeback. And as a soldier who has been fighting for more than 20 years, he ended up as a war criminal, which is very unacceptable.
At that time, the imprisoned Du Yuming often touched his trouser legs lonely.
Many people have seen his action, but they don't know what is going on.
It wasn't until one day that the administrator was helping him organize his clothes to solve the mystery.
It turned out that he had hidden more than 100 sleeping pills in his trousers, and wanted to take advantage of the administrator's carelessness and seek his own shortcomings.
At this time, he is no longer the energetic general on the battlefield. He has lost all confidence and hope in life.
Faced with the learning and reformation requested by our party, he was also very resistant and uncooperative.
However, only a year later, Du Yuming's attitude took a 180-degree turn. He began to accept reform studies and wrote confession materials, reflecting on his actions in the war of liberation.
Why is this?
Everything is because of the warmth and sincerity that the Communist Party has given him.
As we said above, during the battle of Huaihai, Du Yuming was already seriously ill (he had a kidney cut off at the time) and very weak. Because of this, after he was captured, his wife Cao Xiuqing will "make a big trouble in the Presidential Palace", accusing Chiang Kai-shek of saying, "My husband is ill, and you let him break through!" He went to save Huang Wei and Huang Baitao, let him fight a war that was almost impossible to win, and finally pushed Du Yuming into desperation;
So how did the Communist Party treat General Du Yuming?
After Du Yuming was taken into Gongdelin Prison, the first thing the comrades working in Gongdelin did was to see him.
At that time, his tuberculosis and spinal tuberculosis were already very serious, and sometimes his legs tremble unconsciously.
On the one hand, our medical staff made a plaster cast for him and put it on the bed, so that he could lie in the mold, so that the spine would not be compressed and reduce the pain.
on the other hand,We spent a lot of money to buy back a large number of specific medicines for tuberculosis from Hong Kong and Macau to treat Du Yuming.
At that time, this move really went through untold hardships, and the cost of using it was also staggeringly high.
Everything is for the physical recovery of the former opponent.
This is the "warm meaning" from the Communist Party.
Under the care of the medical staff, Du Yuming quickly recovered his health.
In addition to curing diseases, the daily food standards of Du Yuming and other war criminals in the national army are full of "sincerity" from the Communist Party.
The generals of the national army detained in Gongdelin Prison have three dishes and one soup for each meal, plus one catty of milk, one egg, three or two pounds of meat a day, and five catties of white flour a week. In comparison, prison managers can only eat flour once a month.
This kind of sincerity, Du Yuming saw in his eyes, he also really enjoyed the benefits, and his heart has quietly changed.
From the beginning of 1951, he began to actively cooperate with the treatment and wrote the confession materials.
Returning to the scene we mentioned at the beginning, Du Yuming was called out by the administrator shortly after the confession materials were handed in. Why is this?
03
That evening, Du Yuming followed the instructor to the office.
was full of anxiety. He remembered that at the last moment of the Huaihai Battle, Chairman Mao listed him as one of the top 43 war criminals.
What will be waiting for him?
Quietly at night, Du Yuming followed the administrator into the office.
After entering the office, the administrator took out the confession material written by Du Yuming and told Du Yuming very seriously that this material was not good!
This attitude puzzled Du Yuming.Because he has sincerely reflected on his experience in the Battle of Huaihai, is it not enough?
But soon, Du Yuming was moved by the administrator's words.
The administrator said, you have to restore your history truthfully, don't miss it, let me tell you, what is equal to you, the bloody battle of Kunlun Pass plus the battle of Huaihai is equal to Du Yuming!
The weight of this sentence is too heavy.
What is the Kunlun Pass?
That was the first time the Chinese army won the fortified battle during the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Du Yuming led the Fifth National Revolution Army to fight hard for one year at Kunlun Pass in Guangxi, and sacrificed 20,000 talents to tear away from the enemy's fangs.
Du Yuming also became famous at Kunlun Pass, which was the absolute highlight of his military career.
He did not expect, he really did not expect that the little-known administrator in front of him was so familiar with his personal experience;
he did not expect that the administrator in front of him would have given him such a High evaluation.
This is more precious than "warmness" and "sincerity". This is the "respect" from the Communist Party.
In other words, although he is a war criminal at the moment, the Communist Party has never forgotten his great contribution in the War of Resistance Against Japan, and has never ignored what he has done for the country and the nation, and fully affirms his status. The value of a soldier. (Moreover, this is an "affirmation from the opponent")
After walking out of the administrator's office that day, Du Yuming told the other war criminals of the national army: "I was captured by the Communist Party today."
here The word "captive",It is admiration, gratitude and trust from the bottom of my heart.
From then on, under his influence, the war criminals of the national army in the Gongde Forest actively accepted the reform, and gradually understood why the Communist Party won the final victory.
04
On December 4, 1959, the "Amnesty Conference of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China on War Criminals" was grandly held in Gongdelin Prison.
The judges present read out the first batch of 30 amnesty personnel. They are: Du Yuming, Wang Yaowu, Zeng Kuoqing, Zheng Tingji, Song Xilian...
After hearing his name, Du Yuming immediately stepped forward and respectfully. Respectfully saluted the judge, and then accepted the amnesty notice with both hands.
At that time, his wife and 7 children had moved to Taiwan.
can only see him across the sea.
Later, Du Yuming was appointed as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Literature and History Materials Research Committee, responsible for writing and collating literature and history materials for reference by historians and future generations. After Du Yuming became a member of the committee, every time on May 1st and November 11th, he would receive a formal invitation from the state, inviting him to watch the ceremony on Tiananmen Square and invite him to a banquet in the Great Hall of the People.
On June 3, 1963, a comrade from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China personally picked up the plane. Du Yuming's wife Cao Xiuqin came to Beijing from the United States not far away.
The couple, who had been apart for 15 years, finally meet again.
Du Yuming and Cao Xiuqing
From the battlefield of the Huaihai battle, to the meritorious forest, and then to the amnesty.
Imagine that along the way, if it were not for the Communist Party to tolerate and accept it with a broad mind, how could Du Yuming have this moment to meet his family again.
Du Yuming in his later years is dedicated to the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the strait.
Du Yuming died in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 1981 at the age of 77.
His last words are: " I hope that Taiwan’s classmates, relatives, friends, and compatriots will put national justice first,Promote peaceful reunification as soon as possible"
Dog Say:
There is always one sentence that is always true: "He who wins the hearts of the people wins the world." ”
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