The powerful Duan Qirui opposed Yuan Shikai's claim to be emperor, and managed Japan to borrow money to start a civil war.

The name Duan Qirui was very famous in the late Qing Dynasty and the Beiyang government. A person who can drive Yuan Shikai to death, a person who can manage the Japanese borrowing huge sums of money without paying back, chose not to be a traitor in his later years. Such people are instigating Zhang Xun's restoration, launching the Northern Warlords in the Civil War, fighting against Li Yuanhong and others, betraying the country, and stealing the country. Such a leader of the Beiyang government with a combination of positives and negatives is a legend.

Early years appreciated by Li Hongzhang, studied in Germany, allegiance to Yuan Shikai

Duan Qirui was born in Lu'an, Anhui in 1865, a landlord family, grandfather and uncle soldier. At the age of 17, his family was in decline, and he traveled alone from Anhui to Shandong and went to his uncle Duan Congde. Three years later, his uncle sent him to the Tianjin Wubei School founded by Li Hongzhang. Because he was a fellow with Li Hongzhang and performed well, he was very appreciated by Li Hongzhang who paid attention to the local concept.

So Li Hongzhang swiped his pen and sent this promising young fellow to the Berlin Military Academy system in Germany to study military. This experience has greatly improved his military literacy and has accumulated abundant capital for future military activities and even political roads. After returning to China, he joined the Beiyang Navy and became an instructor. After seeing the failure of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, he had the idea of ​​forming a new type of army.

In the year of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Yuan Shikai formed a new Beiyang army. After learning about Duan Qirui’s talents, he appointed him as the artillery commander, which is modern China. The first artillery commander of the army. The two people met late, and the relationship was very good. The early stage has reached the point of inseparability. Yuan Shikai's status and power are rising steadily. As his confidant, Duan Qirui is naturally also rising, and he is proud of the spring breeze.

opposed Yuan Shikai’s claim to the emperor, supported Li Yuanhong to come to power, and instigated Zhang Xun’s restoration

Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of the revolution during the Revolution of 1911 and became the president, and then he made the worst decision in his life. -Restoration and proclaiming emperor

Because the domestic and international situation has long changed at that time, more and more people are no longer uncultured fools, but have their own ideas and consciousness. Yuan Shikai, who was standing at the outlet of power, couldn't understand it, but Duan Qirui, who was standing next to Yuan Shikai, could see clearly. He believes that Yuan Shikai is determined not to be emperor, and he persuades this benefactor who is kind to himself.

Yuan Shikai is not moved but has suspicions for him. He took the initiative to resign and decided: "As long as the monarchy exists, will never accept any high-ranking officials, and will never leave the mountain ". This shows that he is still a bloody person. Sure enough, Yuan Shikai aroused public outrage, and there was a riot in all directions. Not only Duan Qirui, but Feng Guozhang, Cai E, Jin Yunpeng and others have followed Yuan Shikai for many years, but still opposed the monarchy.

Yuan Shikai died depressed, and Duan Qirui, who had the best chance of becoming president, was afraid that his fate would be the same as Yuan Shikai, so he supported the puppet Li Yuanhong to come to power, and secretly made his confidant. Xu Shuzheng guided Zhang Xun to restore. But Duan Qirui has become a hero of repeated attempts.

Regarding the Japanese borrowing money and not repaying them, they initiated the direct war in Anhui

Around 1918, Duan Qirui had already taken charge of the Beiyang government. During this time, he signed the "China-Japan Military Agreement" with the Japanese and borrowed a total of 50 billion yuan from Japan for various reasons and methods. With so much money, he started a bloody civil war in the country. He single-handedly initiated the Civil War of the Northern Warlords. As the leader of the Anhui warlords, he put his army in the rear and the army of the direct line Cao Kun and others in the front when fighting. Everyone can see his heart.

But the tree attracts the wind. If you do too many bad things, you will be punished. The other warlords are not vegetarians. They make all the warlords go crazy. How can they give up? So he clearedXu Shichang, an old North Korean official, took the position of president to "shield his guns" for himself. But it was useless. Wu Peifu from the direct line, Zhang Zuolin from the Feng line and other forces dealt a heavy blow to the Anhui line.

and Duan Qirui used the contradiction between the Zhifeng and Feng to indirectly provoked the Zhifeng War, and then the second Zhifeng War. Wu Peifu was forced to go south. Duan Qirui still maintained the so-called neutrality in the army, but He was gradually emptied, and by around 1926, he had become a polished commander.

In the face of national crisis, he chose not to be a traitor to protect the evening festival, and was buried in a desolate way after his death. The purpose of the Japanese is very clear: to isolate Northeast China from other places first, and then to crush China a little bit. At the juncture of such a crisis, once Duan Qirui and Wu Peifu let go, the consequences would be disastrous. So the Nanjing National Government invited the two to join the National Disaster Council as members. Duan Qirui, who had been pro-Japanese, accepted Chiang Kai-shek's invitation and did not choose to be a traitor.

At that time, Duan Qirui was 67 years old. He was a twilight old man, galloping on the battlefield and political field all his life. In his later years, he woke up and did not seek refuge in Japan at the last moment. But the general trend is over, and life in old age is very hard. In 1937, the Japanese army initiated the Lugou Bridge Incident and occupied Beijing. The Japanese army officers took a fancy to the Duan’s house, and ordered Duan Qirui’s grandson Duan Changshi to move away as soon as possible. In order to prevent the passage of his grandfather’s various files, he caused the servants to move the house. The genealogy, files, official documents and correspondence of his family were burned.

Furniture, play, jewelry, etc. were also sold at a low price. After Duan Qirui died, he was hurriedly buried next to the road. Because the Japanese requisitioned the Reclining Buddha Temple, Duan Qirui's son Duan Hongye had to remove his father's coffin. So far a vigorous Northern Ocean legend has ended.