With the continuous development of economy and society, living conditions are getting better and better, and people's life expectancy is getting longer and longer. The latest figures released by the National Bureau of Statistics are that my country’s average life expectancy in 2021 is 78.2 years. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, my country's average life expectancy is expected to increase by one year.
However, careful people will find that the average life expectancy of women is longer than that of men. According to figures released by the National Bureau of Statistics, my country's average life expectancy in 2015 was 76.34 years, of which men were 73.64 years old and women were 79.43 years old, with a difference of 5.79 years. In addition, at the end of 2021, the average life expectancy in cities like Shanghai has reached 84.11 years, with men expected to be 81.76 years and women expected to be 86.56 years.
The average life expectancy of women is five to six years longer than that of men, but what is very strange is why women receive pensions 5 to 10 years earlier than men? According to retirement regulations, the retirement age for female workers is 50 years old, for female cadres and professional management and technical personnel is 55 years old, and for men it is 60 years old. In this way, wouldn’t it be much more cost-effective for women to participate in insurance than for men?
Our retirement age system has been established since the 1950s, and the retirement age has basically remained unchanged. In 1951, the "Labor Insurance Regulations" clearly stipulated that the retirement age for female workers and employees is 50 years old and 60 years old for men. If we really want to consider life expectancy, the average life expectancy in our country at that time seemed to be only more than 40 years old.
The 1957 "Interim Regulations of the State Council on the Retirement Processing of Workers and Employees" set the retirement age for female workers at 50 years old, for female employees at 55 years old, and for men at 60 years old. So far, although the status of personnel has changed, the retirement age has not.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the system was designed to allow women to retire at an early age. Women were irreplaceable in traditional social life, especially caring for the elderly and taking care of the family. In addition, the employment rate of women was generally low at that time, and the pension system at that time was not The social insurance system, but the national pension system, does not need to consider the balance of payments of the pension insurance fund.
With the development of society, times have changed. The average life expectancy is determined comprehensively based on people's living and medical conditions. With the development of the economy and society and the improvement of medical standards, life expectancy is getting longer and longer, which is also an objective reality. In 1981, my country's average life expectancy was only 67.77 years, which means it has increased by 10.43 years now.
As the average life expectancy increases, what will happen to the balance of payments of the pension insurance fund? In fact, China has already had plans for the Social Insurance Law implemented in 2011. The state has made it clear that the basic pension must be determined based on the individual's cumulative contribution years, contribution salary, average salary of local employees, personal account amount, average life expectancy of the urban population (the average life expectancy of the urban population is longer than that of the rural population), etc.
Our retirement age system has not been changed for a long time, mainly because it affects the whole system. Changing the retirement age system will affect the entire social insurance system.
According to the 14th Five-Year Plan, our country will promote the policy of gradually delaying the statutory retirement age. It is expected that it will take 20 to 30 years to gradually extend the legal retirement age . The country has also made it clear that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, it will improve the monthly payment system for pension insurance. The current monthly payment system is based on the urban average life expectancy in 2000. Times have changed.
In fact, flexible retirement will be the mainstream in the future. Individuals decide whether to choose early retirement or delayed retirement based on their own and family circumstances. For example, Jiangsu Province has made it clear that upon personal application, employer consent, and registration with the human resources and social security department, insured persons can postpone retirement.
believes that the public opinion will be solicited on the delayed retirement plan in the past two years, so please be patient.
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