Fund has experienced hundreds of years of development, grown in the UK and grew stronger than the United States, and the types of funds are becoming more and more abundant. The investment advantages of funds that diversify risks, share profits, and manage them by dedicated people have made them a favored investment product by many investors.
funds include a wide range. For example, social security fund , provident fund , venture capital funds, etc. are all funds. The funds we usually call funds refer to securities investment funds, with stock , bonds, etc. as investment goals.
However, many friends who are new to fund investment will have a question: Why is a fund both a public fund, an over-the-counter fund, or an open-end fund? Is it so complicated?
In fact, this is like a person can be classified according to different ways, divided into male and female by gender; it can be divided into workers, farmers, and soldiers by occupation; it can be divided into infants, minors, and adults by age. The same is true for
funds. A fund can be divided into several types according to different classification methods, or it can be "taken multiple positions". In fund investment, we first understand the types of funds and the characteristics of different types of investments, so that we can easily choose investment products that suit our risk tolerance and psychological expectations.
Next, we will introduce several more common and commonly used fund classification methods to introduce them to you.
1. According to the fundraising method, it can be divided into public fund and private fund and private fund .
A simple understanding is that public funds have always been publicly sold funds. Private equity funds are privately sold, or privately occurring funds.
There are the following main differences between the two:
First of all, public funds can attract customers on public channels, while private funds cannot.
Secondly, the fundraising targets are different, and public funds are aimed at the uncertain public; while private funds raise are a few specific investors.
Finally, the information disclosure requirements are different. Public funds have very strict requirements for information disclosure, and their investment goals, investment portfolios and other information must be disclosed; while private funds have much lower requirements.
2. Divided according to operational mode
According to operational mode, it can be divided into closed-end fund and open-end fund .
First of all, the fund size of open-end funds is not fixed, it can issue new shares at any time according to market supply and demand, or redeemed by investors by investment fund .
, and closed-end funds are relative to open-end funds. The fund issuance scale has been determined before issuance, and the fund size remains unchanged after the issuance and within the prescribed period.
When issuing, the closed-end foundation will explain the fund establishment period and stipulate the fund financing scale in the fundraising documents. If the closed-end fund is successfully raised, it will be 500 million shares, then the scale will always be 500 million shares during the period of the fund's existence.
3. According to sales channels, it can be divided into on-site fund and off-site fund and off-site fund .
The biggest difference between on-site funds and off-site funds is the difference in trading venues, and it is also the easiest way to distinguish the two.
Over-to-counter trading means that investors buy and sell funds directly from fund companies, which is equivalent to trading directly with the manufacturer. When purchasing off-market funds, we usually go through the official website of the fund company, banks, or third-party sales platforms such as Alipay and Tiantian Fund Network .
On-site trading , that is, you need to buy and sell on the exchange through brokerage . It is like buying and selling stocks. It is equivalent to trading in the "second-hand market", not passing through the manufacturer, but trading with other investors.For example, ETFs and closed-end funds are on-site funds.
4. According to the investment object,
can be divided into money type, bond type, stock type and mixed fund
According to the division of investment objects, it is the most common and cliché classification method among our investment funds. The fund investment object is closely related to our asset status, risk tolerance, and what kind of target to choose to invest in.
Among them, money funds mainly invest in short-term bonds, bank certificates of deposit, central bank bills, etc. The money base has strong liquidity, small risks, but low returns, which is suitable for short-term idle liquidity.
Bond Fund mainly invests in various bonds such as treasury bonds, local bonds, and corporate bonds. Bond fund returns are slightly higher than money funds and have moderate flexibility.
stock fund mainly invests in stocks of various companies. Stock funds have greater risks and relatively higher returns that can be obtained. Compared with the above two types, stock funds have greater volatility and are suitable for long-term idle funds.
Mixed Fund is a product that invests in stocks, bonds and money markets at the same time. Its returns are between bond funds and stock funds. The investment ratio does not have a fixed range. The risks and volatility are also between bond funds and stock funds, which can help investors diversify their investments in different types of assets.
So how to filter among so many types of funds? This requires the use of specific base selection methods.
Fund's returns and risks, transaction fees , fund manager level, etc., are all things we need to consider, and different investment types of funds also have different focus. We will introduce them to you in the following content.
This article is only provided to the recipient. The information, materials or analysis tools contained therein are only provided to the recipient for information and for reference purposes. There is no intention to solicit or invite or invite to purchase or sell securities . The recipient may not modify, send or copy this article and its content to other persons in any way without Fosun Hengli Securities' prior written permission. Fosun Hengli Securities believes that the source of the information and opinions contained in this article is reliable, and Fosun Hengli Securities will not make any guarantees regarding the truth, accuracy and completeness of this article. Before making an investment decision, the recipient should analyze or consult the opinions of professional consultants on his own. Unless otherwise expressly provided by laws and regulations, Fosun Hengli Securities or any of its directors, employees or agents shall not be liable for any direct and indirect losses caused by any third party due to use/reliance on the content contained herein. Fosun Hengli Securities and its member companies, its directors, employees and employees may from time to time hold for any securities involved in this report. Fosun Hengli Securities will not notify you of any changes to the information and opinions contained in this article.
