Speaking of Chinese female entrepreneurs, many people first think of Dong Mingzhu. But if it is really starting from scratch, the grassroots counterattack, I am afraid that Zhou Xiaoguang must be none other than Zhou Xiaoguang.
In 2017, there was a series of "Chicken Feathers Flying to the Sky", starring Zhang Yi and Yin Tao, which reproduced the struggle history of several generations of Zhejiang merchants, and the spirit of "Chicken Feathers for Sugar" was even more encouraging. A lot of people. "Standing in the wind of the times, even if it is as small as a chicken feather, there is hope soaring to the sky."
The heroine of this drama is based on Zhou Xiaoguang. Starting from the business world for 40 years, he ranked 65th on the Hurun Report with a net worth of 33 billion yuan, and became the richest woman in Zhejiang.
However, who could have imagined that the gorgeous robe before the man was already riddled with holes.
has not yet settled for a year, Zhou Xiaoguang has debts all around, and the 80 billion Shin Kong business empire collapses quickly. In the end, she is saddled with more than 30 billion debts. Ground chicken feathers.
01
5span3span
5p
1962 spanspanspan
Soon, the joy of being a parent is quickly wiped out, because they are looking forward to a boy.
In order to get a man, they can only make persistent efforts and gave birth to five sisters for Zhou Xiaoguang one after another, and they finally got the seventh child before their dream came true.
But before I had time to be happy, the burden of life hit my face. A family of nine adults and children had to eat, and a family that was not well-off was even more unsustainable.
As the eldest of the family, Zhou Xiaoguang followed his parents to "changing sugar with chicken feathers" since childhood. , Open four doors, make friends," she didn't know that when she was young, what she was fascinated by the poor was the essence of Yiwu Small Commodity Market.
When he was 16 years old, the family really couldn't open the pot. Zhou Xiaoguang looked at his parents' increasingly tired backs and gave up high school in tears and went home to work in agriculture.
At this time, there was a wave of migrant workers in the village. Zhou Xiaoguang gritted his teeth and decided to go to Shanghai to embroider on the street.
Before leaving,The mother pulled her over and told her: If you can do it, it's better to count it.
02
Rebel alone on the beach, the girl's enthusiasm was quickly crushed the cruel reality. Forty years ago, Shanghai had an urban management system, and he had to deal with toll collectors day and night. The fledgling Zhou Xiaoguang was worried all day long and finally returned without success.
struggling to return to her hometown, before entering the door, she fell headlong, frightened, high fever, she fell ill.
Fortunately, life did not crush her last straw. While recuperating, she happened to learn that the business of embroidery patterns in Northeast China was very good.
So, she decided to set off again. That winter, the thin girl carried 60 kilograms of luggage alone and carried the 20 yuan borrowed by her mother, and then set foot on the train to work outside. Before leaving, her mother told her: Have a plan, not blindly, look at the opportunity and be brave!
It was an extremely difficult journey,The weather in the northeast was freezing cold, Zhou Xiaoguang didn't even have a cotton coat to keep out the cold, and in the winter of minus 40 degrees, she wore a single coat, shouting and selling embroidery on the street.
The effort paid off. That trip, Zhou Xiaoguang spent more than a month and earned the first pot of gold in his life. With the money, she returned home with joy.
After that, Zhou Xiaoguang touched the doorway and began to travel across the country, from north to south, the journey lasted 7 years. A torn map and loaded sacks are all the belongings.
Set up street stalls during the day and ride the train at night. She spent 7 years traveling all over the country. Needless to say, the hardship during the period, even almost being abducted, but with determination, she never gave up, accumulating time and time, knowing the styles and prices of jewelry everywhere.
2190 days and nights, she accumulated 20,000 yuan, you know, "10,000 yuan households" was still a rare term in China.
In 1985, in the crowd of the Southern and Northern Wars, the girl met a young man who also sold embroidery, Yu Yunxin.
In 1985, the two got married and decided to bid farewell to the journey.Just develop in Zhejiang.
At the beginning of the reform and opening up, the strong desire for beauty and the embarrassment of embarrassment in the bag together constituted the basic conditions for Chinese women's consumption at that time. For a time, all kinds of artificial headwear and jewelry became popular.
Zhou Xiaoguang keenly grasped the aesthetic demand released by the public. She said that her husband used her savings to buy a stall in Yiwu to sell accessories.
This small stall has become the place where the business started. With the accumulation of experience, Zhou Xiaoguang has become the place where his dreams began. .
Within a few years, they bought a house in Yiwu and opened a small factory to make jewelry.
In 1992, Zhou Xiaoguang was selected as an agent by a Taiwan jewelry company. The number of workers has more than tripled. But keenly she found that Taiwanese jewelry still could not meet the market demand.
Their products were in short supply for a time, and they lost many customers. That night, the couple had a long talk all night, and finally, with the support of her husband, Zhou Xiaoguang made a decision: Invest 7 million yuan to establish "Xinguang Jewelry Co., Ltd.".
The name is derived from the names of Yu Yunxin and Zhou Xiaoguang. More than 400 skilled workers and technicians from Taiwanese companies have been recruited from Guangdong. Shin Kong Jewelry has just opened up!
At the same time, this move also created a first in Yiwu jewelry production. Zhou Xiaoguang became the first person to eat crabs.
In just over a year, the production scale has expanded to more than 700 people, and the couple has set up new materials and new crafts day after day. Own jewelry design school.
She also took advantage of the geographical and time differences in the fashion of jewelry, and adopted a step-by-step approach to product sales from south to north, which shocked the Chinese jewelry industry.
only three years,Sunbeam Jewelry has become the industry leader. The girl who stood on the streets of Northeast China to buy Xiuhua became the "Queen of Jewelry" in China.
But the problem also arises, the leader will be "targeted" as soon as new products are launched. The overall profit of the industry is getting lower and lower, Zhou Xiaoguang is anxious. During
, she wanted to go to Swarovski to learn from her experience, but she was turned away because of the low profile of the company. In order to gain popularity, Zhou Xiaoguang racked his brains.
Finally, in the millennium, she waited for her chance. In May 2000, when the Hong Kong International Jewelry Exhibition opened, the 38-year-old Zhou Xiaoguang led designers and workers to work overtime. During that time, the entire factory was full of their presence throughout the night.
In the end, she produced more than 6000 new products. When Zhou Xiaoguang appeared at the Hong Kong International Jewelry Fair with her bright accessories, she finally became famous!
At this exhibition, Sunbeam Jewelry was so popular that some customers who came to Yiwu could not catch up with their orders. Negotiate.
After that,Sunbeam Jewelry has opened up its reputation in the world and struck while the iron is hot. In 2001, she took the opportunity to break into the high-end market in the United States. Even US President George W. Bush has worn Sunbeam's tie clip.
This time, it was replaced by Swarovski's initiative to invite him. Zhou Xiaoguang sat on a special plane sent by the other party and was picked up by the host.
Later, Zhou Xiaoguang introduced professional managers to accelerate the collapse of the family management model. Soon, "Xinguang" became the most influential private enterprise in China.
At this time Zhou Xiaoguang turned his gaze to another place.
03
2004, China's real estate industry in full swing, rate is based on the rate of visible surge crazy pass over 100 billion The massive Wenzhou real estate speculators rushed across the country.At this time, the jewelry industry has entered a fierce shopping: low threshold, low profit, has touched the ceiling.
So Zhou Xiaoguang decided: to enter the real estate market, and try again! The reason is simple: make money fast.
In 2004, Zhou Xiaoguang and his wife acquired Wansha Real Estate and established Xinguang Building Materials City. Since then, they have plunged into the real estate deep water area. In order to expand the commercial territory, she created Sun Kong Real Estate.
In 2008, when the financial crisis struck, Zhou Xiaoguang quickly took action: quickly acquired Zhejiang Wansha, and directly injected capital into 7 companies in Yiwu whose capital chain was broken in one breath, and saved nearly 10,000 employees. rice bowl.
Then, she developed Yiwu Shimao Center, Yiwu Shangri-La Hotel, Crowne Plaza Qiandao Lake and Dongyang Xinguang Tiandi, laying the capital foundation of "Xinguang Yuancheng".
After that, Zhou Xiaoguang simply dumped the jewelry business to her son and personally took charge of the investment sector of the Shin Kong Group. She made a proud slogan:
_span strong span1 span3span strong span1 span3span strong dream Yimeng is magnificent!
2016,After several twists and turns, "Xinguang Yuancheng" finally succeeded in backdooring Anhui Fangyuan Support to go public! Shin Kong Group became the actual controller of 79% of the holding of “Shin Kong Yuancheng”.
Since then, Shin Kong Group has developed into a comprehensive company integrating jewelry, high-end manufacturing, real estate, Internet, finance, investment, and even agriculture, with nearly 100 companies under its umbrella. Owned subsidiaries and holding companies, more than 40 share-holding companies, with assets of up to 80 billion.
In 2016, Zhou Xiaoguang and his wife ranked 53 on the Hurun Rich List with a fortune of 30 billion.
In 2018, Zhou Xiaoguang ranked 26th on the Hurun Global Self-made Women's Rich List.
After 40 years of business ups and downs, she became the richest woman in Zhejiang.
For a time, social honors are coming:
, one of the top ten economic figures of the year 2005 in Zhejiang Province National Top Ten Female Achievement Models, Zhejiang Reform and Opening-up 30 Years Meritorious Entrepreneurs, 2010 Outstanding Chinese Merchants and Private Enterprises Newcomers, 2010 National March 8th Red Banner Players Models, 2011 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) International Women's Innovation Award..."
December 2017,Zhou Xiaoguang’s son’s wedding was hosted by Yang Lan, Dong Wenhua sang, and Swarovski’s successor gave a speech. Ma Yun, Wang Jianlin, Zhang Jindong and others became the guests. Zhou Xiaoguang at this time is no longer the girl who goes everywhere.
's mother's exhortation many years ago: "If you have a plan, don't be blind, you should be brave when you have the opportunity." In front of the swelling Zhou Xiaoguang, it became a breeze.
She stood at the pinnacle of spending money with a smile on her face, but she didn't know that fate had already bid the price in the dark.
04
br1br
strong
I don’t know when it will start, and there is a saying in the market: "Please buy more houses from Sunbeam. It doesn’t matter. Once a stock with a market value of more than 10 billion is mortgaged, all the holes are filled."
At this point,Behind the scenery of Shin Kong Holdings, there is already crisis-ridden.
In 2011, the central bank raised interest rates and the real estate industry suffered a cold wave. After two successive real estate projects failed to make good capital turnover, Shin Kong Group issued the first bond.
In the following seven years, a total of 17 billion bonds were issued, most of which were used to "repay loans from banks and other financial institutions and supplement liquidity" short-term debt.
At this time, the Shin Kong Group, which is constantly "high-leveraged expansion", is getting bigger and bigger, but its cash flow has dried up. It can only tear down the east wall to make up the west wall, and debt is like a snowball.
After 2016, the regulation and control have become stricter, and the central bank has tightened the financial supply of real estate companies. However, Zhou Xiaoguang is still in the “capital gamble”. In order to go public on the backdoor, she signed a bet with the listed company: Wansha Real Estate and Dongyang Building Materials City must achieve a profit of 4 billion within three years. However, she lost the bet.
The house really cannot sell.
So, she did her best to sell assets, shrink the front, and solicit strategic investment everywhere, but the debt of 46.9 billion has been overwhelmed and lingering.
On July 2, 2018, the major asset purchase plan, which has fallen into debt quagmire, was released.It is prepared to pay 8.3 billion to 13.6 billion for the leveraged acquisition of high-tech company China High Speed Transmission, thereby transforming high-end manufacturing.
But this gambling acquisition has not yet been completed, and it exploded.
On September 22, 2018, Shin Kong Group experienced two debt storms totaling 3 billion, which confirmed the rumors about its liquidity crisis.
Since then, Shin Kong Yuancheng's stock has begun to dive high: on November 1, 2018, the "daily limit" began, and the stock price fell from 15 yuan to 1.5 yuan.
The leak of the house happened overnight. At this time, Shin Kong Yuancheng was concerned about the serious problem of illegal guarantees and capital occupation by major shareholders. In just six months, the Shin Kong Group disclosed its outstanding debts of 22.5 billion, and its shares in Shin Kong Yuancheng were also mortgaged.
In March 2019, Shin Kong Group and its three subsidiaries filed for bankruptcy and reorganization. Shares were frozen in turn, several real estates were sealed, and subsidiaries owed wages. Zhou Xiaoguang was also listed as a "old man" by the court. On January 7, 2020, both husband and wife resigned from all positions. After setting up street stalls, picking sugar shoulders, and fumbling for forty years, there is only a piece of chicken feathers left.
At this time, it is only 6 months since Zhou Xiaoguang was on the Hurun Women's Rich List.
On the eve of the Spring Festival in 2020, the public was immersed in joy, but Zhou Xiaoguang, his wife, and his son were publicly enforced by the court.
Huang Liang Yimeng,Wake up in the building.
"China's most inspirational female entrepreneur", a generation of business legend, came to an end.
There was an interview that made Melon sigh. It was on September 30, 18, on the death day of Zhou Xiaoguang’s father’s "April 7th", and her mother Huang Xianlan, an old man, appeared to sacrifice in Lingbei Town.
Faced with the media at that time, the weather-beaten old man said: "My daughter walks too fast. She really wants to be bigger. I told her not to do those things. In fact, It’s good to do a little business and eat. It’s solid and good!"
sighed, and the warning that was not in time for the exit disappeared in the wind.
Overloaders sink their boats, and those who want to win will kill them. It is better to keep in the middle. This is the wisdom of life. Excessive desire leads to greed. It is better to restraint. This is the foundation of success.
.
